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Substantia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh
ISSN : -     EISSN : 23561955     DOI : -
Core Subject : Religion, Education,
Religion Education
Substantia is a journal published by the Ushuluddin Faculty and Religious Studies of the State Islamic University (UIN) Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh, Indonesia. The scope of Substantia is articles of research, ideas, in the field of Ushuluddin sciences (Aqeedah, Philosophy, Islamic Thought, Interpretation of Hadith, Comparative Religion, Sociology of Religion and Sufism).
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Studi Agama
Articles 301 Documents
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Studi Kritik Hadis Perspektif Jonathan A.C. Brown (Analisis terhadap Three Tiered Method) Arif Budiman; Edi Safri; Novizal Wendry
Substantia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin Vol 22, No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat UIN Ar-raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/substantia.v22i1.6853

Abstract

This article aims to present the formulation of the hadith authenticity method formulated by Jonathan A. C. Brown in his theory named the Three-Tiered Method. This investigation is carried out through three steps; First, demands for a source of hadith, second, evaluates the reliability of that source, third, seeks corroboration for the hadith. Brown also argues that the third step is considered pivotal in hadith criticism. The more sources of the report, the more credible the report is. In the theory of historical evaluation of western scholar, such belief is called the criterion of multiple attestation. Briefly, quantity changes lead to quality changes. Therefore, the author's reflection on the issue relating to the hadith about the suggestion to wear a white dress (which has been criticise using this theory) proves this hadith to be authentic. Abstrak: Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mempresentasikan formulasi metode autentisitas hadis yang dirumuskan oleh Jonathan A. C. Brown melalui teorinya Three Tiered Method. Investigasi hadis diaplikasikan dalam tiga langkah. Pertama, tuntutan adanya sumber hadis. Kedua, mengevaluasi keterpercayaan sumber hadis. Ketiga, mencari penguat sebuah hadis. Brown berpendapat bahwa langkah ketiga dianggap cukup krusial dalam kritik hadis. Semakin banyak sumber laporan maka akan muncul kepercayaan yang tinggi terhadap laporan tersebut. Dalam evaluasi historis versi Sarjana Barat, hal ini disebut kriteria pengesahan berganda (the criterion of multiple attestation). Pendek kata, kuantitas akan berubah menuju kualitas. Refleksi penulis dalam kasus hadis tentang anjuran berpakaian putih menggunakan teori tersebut membuktikan bahwa hadis ini otentik
Verbalisasi Al-Qur’an: Metode Tafsir Kontekstual Berbasis Kelisanan Al-Qur’an (Studi Qs. Al-baqarah: 256 tentang Pemaksaan Agama) Muhammad Alwi HS; Iin Parningsih
Substantia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin Vol 22, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat UIN Ar-raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/substantia.v22i2.8238

Abstract

This paper discusses the verbalization of the Quran as a method of understanding the contextual Quran based on orality, with a focus on Surah Al-Baqarah [2]: 256. This method aims to create a mutual understanding among people that have been polarized these days due to different opinions. The verbalization of the Quran has a very strong epistemology in the history of understanding the Quran because it is based on the orality of the Quran, which was the initial and original form of the Quran when it was first revealed to the Prophet Muhammad SAW and spread to the Arab community. Surah Al-Baqarah [2]: 256 was revealed as a response to two utterances spoken in different contexts but essentially share the same illocution, namely a rejection to the coercions of certain religions. This contextual understanding has been verbalized and reflected in Law No. 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights; Paragraph 1 of Article 28E in the 1945 Constitution of Republic Indonesia; Article 28 I in the 1945 Constitution of Republic Indonesia; Paragraph 2 of Article 29 in the 1945 Constitution of Republic Indonesia – all of which indicate the attempts to reject forced religious conversion in Indonesia. AbstrakArtikel ini mendiskusikan tentang Verbalisasi Al-Qur’an sebagai metode pemahaman kontekstual Al-Qur’an dengan berbasis kelisanan, yang berfokus pada QS. Al-Baqarah [2]: 256. Metode Verbalisasi Al-Qur’an ini hadir sebagai upaya menghubungkan pemahaman antar berbagai kelompok yang selama ini terkotak-kotakkan. Verbalisasi Al-Qur’an memiliki epistemologi yang sangat kuat dalam tradisi pemahaman Al-Qur’an, hal ini karena Verbalisasi Al-Qur’an berangkat dari kelisanan Al-Qur’an yang merupakan bentuk awal sekaligus jati diri Al-Qur’an ketika pertama kali disampaikan pada era pewahyuan, dari Nabi Muhammad SAW kepada Masyarakat Arab. Dalam kasus QS. Al-Baqarah [2]: 256, ia disampaikan sebagai respon penolakan terhadap keinginan dua lawan tutur dan konteks tuturan yang berbeda, tetapi mengandung pemahaman yang sama, yakni penolakan atas tindakan pemaksaan agama tertentu. Pemahaman yang kontekstual tersebut dapat diverbalisasikan ke dalam bentuk UU Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang HAM, UUD 1945 dalam pasal 28E ayat 1, UU 1945 dalam pasal 28 I, dan UUD 1945 pada pasal 29 ayat (2), yang semuanya adalah upaya penolakan atas tindakan pemaksaan untuk memeluk agama tertentu dalam konteks di Indonesia.
Analisa Mubadalah Hadis “Fitnah Perempuan” dan Implikasinya terhadap Relasi Gender Faisal Haitomi; Maula Sari
Substantia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin Vol 23, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat UIN Ar-raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/substantia.v23i1.8661

Abstract

Problems that have always been discussed up to now are gender and issues regarding the inequality of relations between women and men. Apart from the Qur'an, Hadith is also accused of being a contributor to discriminating against women. The understanding of the ulama also seems taken for granted in justifying a form of discrimination, so that the relationship between men and women becomes unstable with one another. In this study, the aim of this research is to understand religious texts and focus on the hadiths which can provide a balanced interpretation offer that does not defend either party. This study uses the mubadalah approach as an analysis knife. The conclusion of this research is that the hadith regarding “women's slander” is not something that can legalize discrimination by using stereotypes against one of them. But further than that the text suggests both men and women to be aware of each other from all possible slander ( charm) that both of them could evoke.
Urgensi Filsafat dalam Ilmu Falak dan Relevansinya bagi Kehidupan Beragama Masyarakat M. Anzaikhan
Substantia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin Vol 22, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat UIN Ar-raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/substantia.v22i2.7664

Abstract

Philosophy is known as the mother (root) of science. Obviously, all scientific disciplines stemmed from the mind (thinking) start with philosophy. During its development, however, science independently detached itself from its philosophical identity. Similarly, it also occurred in astronomy, which practically seems to split into various branches. Therefore, this research aims to reveal the substance of the philosophical essence in the discipline of astronomy. To this end, the study seeks to find out how philosophy contributes to astronomy, not only in its role as the theoretical framework but also as the practical orientation. This research was in the form of a qualitative method, whose reference sources were based on literature studies. The findings suggest that philosophy has prominent roles for science since in astronomy, the origins of universe formation such as nebula and the big bang theory are also discussed. In philosophy, the creation of the universe was previously studied by philosophers centuries ago, long before the BC (Before Christ) calendar was discovered. Moreover, the solar system, eclipses, prayer entry times, Islamic calendar, the calculation of ‘qibla’ direction, and such were discussed in philosophy in a similar fashion as well. Astronomical terms were also consistently mentioned in depth by philosophers long before astronomy was acknowledged. In fact, some of the astronomers are also philosophers. Thus, it is effectively helpful to study astronomy through philosophy to fully comprehend it. In conclusion, when the philosophical foundation about the conceptual of astronomy has been solid, it will strongly impact on determining the right policy for the socio-religious life of the community. If the substance of philosophy and science are in perfect harmony, it will produce an ideal formula for more contextual and moderate religious policies. AbstrakFilsafat dikenal sebagai induk ilmu pengetahuan, semua ilmu yang memainkan peran akal (berpikir) tentu berawal dari filsafat. Pada perkembangannya, ketika ilmu itu mampu berdiri sendiri, maka ia melepaskan diri dari identitas filsafat. Begitu juga dengan ilmu falak yang secara praktis seolah berdiri sendiri dengan berbagai cabang-cabangnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merefleksikan pentingnya esensi filsafat dalam disiplin ilmu falak. Adapun masalah yang diangkat adalah bagaimana filsafat itu berkontribusi bagi kajian ilmu falak bukan hanya dalam dataran teoritis namun juga dapat memberikan sumbangsih yang lebih luas pada orientasi praktis. Design penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan sumber referensi berbasis kajian pustaka. Temuan sejauh ini, menunjukkan bahwa peran filsafat sangat vital bagi ilmu falak, pada kajian Ilmu Falak membahas asal-usul penciptaan alam semesta seperti teori nebula, big bang, dan teori lainnya. Dalam Filsafat, penciptaan alam semesta sudah dibahas oleh para filosof alam bahkan berabad yang lalu sebelum tahun masehi ditemukan. Begitu juga ketika membahas sistem tata surya, gerhana, masuknya waktu shalat, kalender Islam, penentuan arah kiblat dan masih banyak lagi. Bila dikaitkan dengan filsafat, jauh sebelum Ilmu Falak lahir filsafat sudah membicarakan term terkait muatan ilmu falak secara lebih intens dan mendalam. Bahkan, tidak sedikit tokoh ilmu falak juga seorang filosof. Maka, sangat efektif jika mempelajari Ilmu Falak dimulai dari kajian filsafat agar pemahaman terkait muatan Ilmu Falak dapat dicerna secara orisinal. Kesimpulannya, ketika landasan filosofis terkait muatan Ilmu Falak sudah solid, maka itu sangat berpengaruh dalam menentukan kebijakan yang tepat bagi kehidupan sosial-beragama masyarakat. Dengan menyinergikan substansi filsafat dan Ilmu Falak   maka akan menghasilkan formula ideal terhadap kebijakan beragama yang lebih kontekstual dan moderat. 
Efektivitas Tradisi Barzanji terhadap Pemahaman Keagamaan Masyarakat (Studi terhadap Masyarakat Kec. Julok Kab. Aceh Timur) Miskahuddin Miskahuddin; Zuherni Zuherni
Substantia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin Vol 23, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat UIN Ar-raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/substantia.v23i1.3772

Abstract

Reciting Barzanji is a tradition that has long practiced among Muslim community, and performed in special ceremony or occasion. Even though the books known as Barzanji, in fact the origin title is ‘Iqd al-Jawahir (the strands of jewels), as the Prophet himself. Barzanji refer to the author Syekh Ja’far ibn Hasan ibn Abdul Karim ibn Muhammad al-Barzanji (1690 -1763 M) a sufi scholar, whose born in Madinah and relate to Barzan (Kurdistan) tribe. Based on the content, the author of barzanji present Islamic knowledge regarding with the life of Prophet (sirah). In Aceh, particularly in Julok distric East Aceh, the famous hand book of barzanji called Majmu’ah Maulud Syaraf al-Anam. That book written and recited in arabic, and that must be an issue wheather local people understand or not toward the content. Therefore this article obtain to figure out the barzanji tradition toward people knowledge of religious understanding effectivenessly. This research apply field research method, which is observation and interview used as the tool for collecting the data.  From observation and interview find out reciting barzanji tradition in Julok district, East Aceh that practised by local people is not in line with their understanding of Islamic knowledge. Whereas the tradition for them as a ceremony, entertainment, gathering and hospitality. 
Perlindungan dan Pelestarian Lingkungan Hidup menurut Perspektif Al-Qur’an Muslim Djuned
Substantia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin Vol 18 (2016): Edisi Khusus
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat UIN Ar-raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/substantia.v18i0.8983

Abstract

Human relations and the environment are symbiotic mutualism, but environmental conflicts occur when people interact in it. Damage to the environment is one of the greatest threats to the survival of modern humans. Generally, environmental damage and pollution caused by the behavior and impact of human activity to global warming, the B3 waste, climate change, pollution, flooding, eroded, and ozone depletion. The environment needs protection and preservation of the damage. Because it needs to be a systematic attempt to inhibit the rate of damage and pollution. Based on the analysis of the verses on the theme of environmental protection and preservation, the ruling is required as an obligation to protect the pillars of Islamic law, namely: al-din al-nafs al-nasl, al-mal, al-'aql and al -bî'ah. Punitive sanctions against the perpetrators of environmental crimes according to the Qur'an is the maximum punishment, such as stoning or crosses, and the minimum punishment, namely punishment of hand amputation ta'zir. AbstrakRelasi manusia dan lingkungan hidup bersifat simbiosis mutualisme, namun konflik lingkungan terjadi ketika manusia berinteraksi di dalamnya. Kerusakan lingkungan hidup merupakan salah satu ancaman terbesar bagi kelangsungan hidup manusia modern. Umumnya kerusakan dan pencemaran lingkungan disebabkan oleh perilaku dan aktivitas manusia yang berdampak terjadinya pemanasan global, limbah B3, perubahan iklim, polusi, banjir, longsong, dan penipisan ozon. Lingkungan hidup membutuhkan perlindungan dan pelestarian dari kerusakannya. Karena itu perlu upaya sistematis untuk menghambat laju kerusakan dan pencemarannya. Berdasarkan analisis terhadap nash-nash al-perlindungan dan pelestarian lingkungan hidup hukumnya adalah wajib sebagaimana kewajiban melindungi pilar-pilar hukum Islam, yaitu: al-dîn, al-nafs, al-nasl, al-mâl, al-‘aql dan al-bî’ah. Sanksi hukuman terhadap pelaku tindak kejahatan lingkungan hidup menurut al-Qur’an adalah hukuman maksismal, yaitu rajam atau salib, dan hukuman minimal, yaitu hukuman potong tangan ta’zir.
Tafsir Tematik Manajemen Kesiswaan di Lembaga Pendidikan Islam Hindun Maisaroh; Toriquddin Toriquddin
Substantia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin Vol 23, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat UIN Ar-raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/substantia.v23i1.8732

Abstract

Thematic interpretation (maudhu’i) is a pattern of interpretation by collecting verses of the Koran that have the same goal, meaning they both discuss one topic and arrange them based on the period of the verse down and pay attention to the background of the causes of the descent, then given explanation, description, comments, and points of content of the sentence. The purpose of this literature research is to find out thematic interpretations (maudhu'i) of the subject of the concept of student management in Islamic Education Institutions. In this study, the authors used a qualitative descriptive approach, and the type of research used was library research. The results of the literature review are: Based on the verses that have been described and analyzed, in the field of student management, the thematic interpretations are raised on QS. Al-Kahfi verses 23-24 and 69, QS Al-Hasyr verse 18, QS Az-Zumar verse 29, QS An-Nahl verse 125, and QS Al-Furqan verse 74, provide an explanation and explanation of the meaning of how student management is in perspective Al-Qur'an. Each of which is in the content as described above, namely that every activity to be carried out must be made with good planning, organization, and implementation and control, which in this case is especially in Surah Al-Kahfi verse 69 and Al-Furqan verse. 74 regarding guidance to students, so that students can develop their talents and interests as well as their competencies so that they become dzurriyah which are qurrota a'yun for parents and their second parents, namely the board of teachers in the Islamic educational institution.
Telaah Penafsiran Quraish Shihab dan Wahbah Al-Zuhaily dalam Kasus Jilbab Muhammad Iqbal
Substantia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin Vol 22, No 2 (2020)
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat UIN Ar-raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/substantia.v22i2.7929

Abstract

This research is a comparative research of two different views of Muslim scholars (ulema) on hijab. This article aims to discover the interpretations of the two, the differences in their interpretation methodologies, as well as the fundamental reasons underlying their different opinions. This research is library research employing a qualitative approach. The documentation method was used as a data collection technique, in which the information relevant to the research questions was gathered from books and manuscripts. The results showed that one Muslim scholar, M. Quraish Shihab, perceives hijab as a part of clothing that suits only certain regional cultures; thus, it should not be subject to other cultural standards. He defines “what may be visible” as parts of the body above the neck, under the arms, and below the knees. Wearing tight clothes showing body curves and made of transparent materials is not advised. In contrast, Wahbah Al-Zuhayli argues that the hijab is mandatory for every Muslim woman to distinguish between slaves and free women. He perceives that all parts of a woman’s body are “aurah” (forbidden to be exposed), including the face, which is the center of a woman’s beauty. Thus, the face should also not be exposed. Only the scarf and outer garment are allowed to be shown. Despite having different opinions about the hijab, the two scholars agree that the hijab can minimize the risks of sexual harassment against women. AbstrakArtikel ini merupakan studi komparatif terhadap dua pandangan ulama yang berbeda atas persoalan penggunaan jilbab oleh muslimah. Tujuan dari artikel ini adalah untuk menemukan perbedaan dalam metodologi penafsiran dan interpretasi kedua sarjana tersebut, serta untuk mengungkap penyebab yang mendasari perbedaan pendapat mereka. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dan merupakan penelitian kepustakaan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode dokumentasi, dimana data dikumpulkan dari buku-buku dan manuskrip yang relevan dengan pertanyaan penelitian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa M. Quraish Shihab memersepsikan hijab sebagai pakaian yang sesuai dengan budaya daerah tertentu, dan tidak boleh tunduk pada standar budaya lain. Ia mengartikan “apa yang tampak” sebagai bagian tubuh di atas leher, di bawah lengan, dan di bawah lutut. Pakaian tidak boleh ketat untuk memperlihatkan lekuk tubuh, dan tidak boleh dibuat dari bahan tembus pandang. Menurut Wahbah Al-Zuhayli, hijab merupakan kewajiban bagi setiap muslimah, karena membedakan antara budak dan wanita merdeka. Ia menilai setiap bagian dari seorang wanita adalah aurah, termasuk wajah, yang merupakan pusat kecantikan. Yang tampak bukan wajahnya, melainkan selendang dan baju luar. Meski kedua ulama ini memiliki pendapat yang berbeda-beda tentang hijab, mereka sepakat bahwa hijab adalah penutup yang digunakan oleh umat Islam yang dapat meminimalkan pelecehan terhadap perempuan.  
Tafsir Al-Qur’an Bahasa Melayu-Jawi di Kalimantan Barat (Kajian Kodikologi dan Historis-Periodik Naskah Tafsīr Tūjuh Sūrah dan Āyāt aṣ-Ṣiyām karya Muhammad Basiuni Imran) Ihsan Nurmansyah
Substantia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin Vol 23, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat UIN Ar-raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/substantia.v23i1.8719

Abstract

In the 20th century AD, the writing of the Qur'anic tafsir that was born in the archipelago generally displayed its modern characteristics, both in terms of language and script. However, it is different from the Tafsīr Tūjuh Sūrah manuscript written in 1935 AD and the Tafsīr Āyāt aṣ-Ṣiyām manuscript which was written in 1936 AD by Muhammad Basiuni Imran, a scholar from the Sambas Sultanate, West Kalimantan, who still uses the language and script of classical interpretations of the archipelago, namely using the Malay language and the Jawi script.Therefore, it is urgent to study because of the polemic in terms of the emergence of interpretations, so a comprehensive way to understand the two interpretations of MuhammadBasiuni Imran is to use a codicological and historical-periodic approach.The results of this study indicate that first, the codicological aspects of the two interpretations of Muhammad Basiuni Imran manuscripts, including the identification of texts, aspects of books, aspects of writing and binding. Second, the emergence of the two interpretations of Muhammad Basiuni Imran in the 20th century AD in the form of the Malay-Jawi language, because it was born in the golden period (1920-1960 AD) in the periodization of the development of the al-Qur'an interpretation of the Malay-Jawi language. Third, the context of the emergence of the two interpretations of Muhammad Basiuni Imran in the Malay-Jawi language because they are influenced by socio-geographic, the history of the developing books and religious conditions.
Perspektif Al-Quran dan Sunnah tentang Toleransi Tarmizi M. Jakfar
Substantia: Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Ushuluddin Vol 18 (2016): Edisi Khusus
Publisher : Fakultas Ushuluddin dan Filsafat UIN Ar-raniry Banda Aceh

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22373/substantia.v18i0.8982

Abstract

Islam adalah agama yang sangat toleran terhadap siapapun termasuk kepada non muslim. Dengan tingginya rasa toleransi yang dibawa membuat agama ini mudah diterima dan cepat berkembang terutama pada masa-masa awal kehadirannya di tanah Arab. Hakikat dari toleransi adalah kemudahan dalam setiap ajarannya serta tenggang rasa terhadap perbedaan yang ada, termasuk dalam hal akidah ketika berhadapan dengan agama lain. Artikel ini bermaksud menelaah toleransi dalam perspektif Alquran dan sunnah. Telaah terhadap pandangan Alquran dan sunnah memperlihatkan bahwa  bentuk dan sifat toleransi ini tergambar jelas dalam al-Qur'an dan sunnah Nabi, juga dalam sirah kehidupan para sahabat dan ulama-ulama salaf lainnya yang memahami kedua sumber Islam ini dengan baik. Pengakuan akan tingginya rasa toleransi yang dibawa oleh agama samawi terakhir ini sesungguhnya bukan saja diakui dan dirasakan oleh umat Islam sendiri, tetapi juga mendapat pengakuan dari kalangan non muslim Barat yang berupaya menilai Islam secara objektif.

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