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WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

WARTAZOA
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Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

ISSN : 02166461 EISSN : 23546832 DOI : 10.14334

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences ISSN: 0216-6461 E-ISSN: 2354-6832 is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD). The aim of this journal is to publish high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding developments in the field of animal and veterinary science. It was first published in 1983. The journal has been registered in the CrossRef system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI) prefix 10.14334.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 785 Documents

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The Use Of Feed Technology Of Local Based Source To Support The Productivity Of Beef Cattle In West Sumatra buharman, .
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 21, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The use of feed technology of local based sources to support beef cattle productivity is the key of the successful PSDS/K program in 2014. In 2009, the cattle population in West Sumatra was about 492,272 heads, and the population growth during 2005 â 2009 was about 6.1 percent per year are the growth of cattle slaughtered for local consumption was around 11.0 percent or about 86,028 heads/year. The rate of population growth is much lower than the target of PSDS/K 2014 which around 12.5 percent. The source of feedstuffs come from native grass and by product of agro-industry. These agro-industry by products such as rice, maize, cassava, palm oil, cacao, coffee by products have big potential for feed which account for supporting 1.75 to 2.1 million animal unit. These by-products mostly used for feed supplement by simple process technology. The role of institution like LM3 and SMD can be optimized to support local feed supply which available on location either for local cattle consumption or for commercial use. Key words: Technology, feed, agricultural byproduct, beef cattle

Research Development on Cryopreservation Technique to Preserve Avian Semen Kostaman, Tatan; Setioko, A.R.
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 21, No 3 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Cryopreservation technique could be used to preserve animal cell, plant or other genetic materials (included semen) in frozen. In this case, the cryopreservation technique is a storageÂ technique that carries out at very low temperature in liquid nitrogen at -196oC. At this temperature, semen does not experience the process of metabolism but still has the ability to live on when used later. Semen that is preserved by cryopreservation technique has unlimited shelf life. This method is more efficient in terms of cost, time, space, and labour than other methods. Cryopreservation techniques can be divided into conventional technique (controlled slow freezing) and rapid freezing technique. Besides cryopreservation of semen, other genetic material from avian that can be cryopreservesed is Primodial Germ Cells (PGC). Balitnak has succesfully isolated the PGC of some Indonesian native chickens. The success of cryopreservation is indicated by not only the high rate of survival, but also the fertility after cryopreservation. Key words: Avian, storage, cryopreservation, semen

Empowerment Of Position And Roles Of Traditional Leaders In The Development Of Livestock Hamlet In The Banten Province Suradisastra, Kedi; Priyanto, D.
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 21, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Developing livestock village is a suitable effort to enhance meat production for fulfilling increasing of the product demand. Developing livestock village in form of Sheep Hamlet in the Regency of Pandeglang, Province of Banten, is also function as forest and environmental buffer zone. Another target of such a livestock development center is to improve farmerâs income by at least 50% of Bantenâs Minimum Regional Wage. The success of Sheep Hamlet so far depends upon the following socio-cultural factors: (a) the basic culture of the Bantams, (b) local leadership, and (c) decision making pattern and process. The development of livestock hamlet depends on the roles of local informal figure in the respective area. Such a local leader can help accelerating the success of a livestock development in a sustainable fashion. The existence of a respected local figure is a crucial entry point in the process of livestock hamlet development in the such area. Key words: Livestock hamlet, local institution

Technology Innovation Of Organic Waste Decomposition In Providing Feedstuffs Prawirodigdo, S.; Utomo, B.
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 21, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Previous investigations in Indonesia indicated that an inactive ovary was a chronically reproduction problem in ruminants. There was a tendency that nutrition deficiency inhibited ovulation, oestrus occurrence, and conception in ruminants. Obviously, there is a correlation between sufficient nutrient consumption and reproduction performance of such animals. Thus, application of the production/reproduction technology innovation for improving ruminantâs productivity in the villages needs to be supported by the availability of sufficient feed. Whilst, there is a competition among ruminants in fulfilling feed requirement. On the other hand, there are large amounts of organic waste of food and plantation estate industries which are potential for non-traditional feedstuffs. The examples of such organic wastes are: 4,817,630 ton dry matter (DM) of cacao pod, 314,042.51 ton DM of coffee pulp and hulls, and 29,700,000 ton DM of palm frond, leaves and trunks. Unfortunately, such materials contain anti-nutritive substance. Nevertheless, technology innovation for decomposing organic waste is available and its validity has been proven to be satisfactory and appropriate. Regarding the limitation of feedstuffs, introduction of technology innovation for organic waste decomposition to provide feed for improving livestock productivity is promising to be applied. Key words: Decomposition technology, organic waste, productivity, ruminants

Virus Pathogenity of Newcastle Disease in Chicken Hewajuli, Dyah Ayu; Dharmayanti, N.L.P Indi
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 21, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Newcastle disease (ND) is one of the highly infectious diseases in poultry industry. Newcastle disease causes high morbidity and mortality in birds, then it causes significant loss for poultry industry. This disease is caused by Avian paramyxovirus-1, included in the genus of Avulavirus and family of Paramyxoviridae. This virus has six prior proteins and two non structural proteins that evolving its genom. Those proteins are Nucleocapsid protein (N), Phosphoprotein (P), Matrix protein (M), Fusion protein (F), Hemagglutinin-neuraminidase protein (HN) and Large polymerase protein (L) and two non structural proteins iVe and W protein which are produced during the transcriptation process of P gen on editing process. Each of the protein has a specific role that responsible for the virulence of the virus. The previous result showed that HN and F proteins have significant contribution in the virulence and spreading of ND virus in the hosts. Virulence of ND virus primarily is determined by the cleavage site of F protein, but the recent research showed that the cleavage site motiv of F0 protein is not the only factor to determine the virulence of ND virus. Besides F protein, other proteins also contribute patern to the virulence of ND virus. ND virus can infect more than 200 species of birds, but the severity level of the disease varies depending on the host and strain of ND virus. Chicken has the highest pathogenicity index compared to other birds. Generally, the immunity system in chicken against infection of ND virus is similar to the immunity system of other birds. Cell mediated and humoral immunity responses play an important role in overcome ND virus. Key words: Newcastle disease, protein, immunity response

The Utilization of Fungi and Their Products to Increase Livestock Production Ahmad, Riza Zainuddin
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 21, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Fungi as part of eukaryotic organisms play an important role for livestock. Some fungi are detrimental because they cause animal diseases, and some fungi are beneficial because they can improve animal productivity. The use of fungi that benefit from starting he has done as agents of biological control and to be as probiotics.Within the fungi, the use of simple technologies to high level degree for the benefit of cattle is developed. This paper describes some fungi that are beneficial and direction and suggestion to develop research on veterinary micology in Indonesia. Key words: Fungi, mycology, use, animal livestock

Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L) As A Promising Forage In Indonesia sajimin, .
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 21, No 2 (2011)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L) or Lucerne is a perennial herbaceous legume with superior forage quality. It is the most important forage crop in the world and it was the first domesticated forage crop. Alfalfa is able to fix nitrogen from the air through a symbiotic relationship with Rhizobium bacteria with N production 7.85 â 10.37 g/m2. Its rooting system can reach 4.5 m that allows it to escape drought. Forage production can reach 15.48 tons of dry matter per ha/year and containing 18.0 â 29.1 % crude protein. Plants can live 3 to 12 years depending on climatic conditions and crop varieties. However, alfalfa is not a tropical plant, thus it has not been widely cultivated in Indonesia. The problem of alfalfa cultivation are high pest attacks and competition with weeds. Therefore, alfalfa cultivation requires attention and good management to obtain optimum yield. Key word: Alfalfa, forage production, nutrition, pest

Competitiveness of Beef Cattle Farming in Indonesia: Domestic Resources Cost Approach Rouf, Ari Abdul; Daryanto, Arief; Fariyanti, Anna
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 24, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Beef demand in Indonesian people is supplied from the domestic and import production, including Australia and New Zealand. Domestic Resources Cost (DRC) is one of the indicators in free trade that is defined as one of the competitiveness criteria. The competitiveness is determined by several factors, including resource, labor, technology and market demand. Based on the previous research results, it was obtained that: (1) The availability of abundant feed through the grazing system and crops livestock system can provide comparative advantage (DRC = 0.08-0.54); (2) The type of beef cattle kept had a good competitiveness (DRC = 0.08-0.94); (3) The laborâs wage can simultaneously create competitiveness (DRC<1); (4) The technological factor on farm level showed that the higher Average Daily Gain (ADG) will make the competitiveness increased; and (5) The number of cattle had a positive causality on the competitiveness with a coefficient of 0.510. The smallholder farmer with the average farming scale of three heads per farmer had a lower competitiveness (DRC = 0.08) compared to the cattle fattening company (DRC = 0.01-0.02). The existing research showed that the beef cattle farming in several places in Indonesia had good competitiveness (DRC<1), but in some areas, its value was close to one (less competitive). Therefore, in order to improve the competitiveness, the formulation and implementation of the farm subsector policy should be regarded as a system including upstream to downstream subsystems so it is expected that the coordination and synergy policy among stakeholder and economic actor will be better. Key words: Beef cattle, competitiveness, domestic resources cost

Strategies for Increasing Buffalo Productivity through Improvement in Feed and Genetic Talib, Chalid; Herawati, Tati; ., Hastono
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 24, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Buffalo is indigenous livestock of Asia, classified as beef buffaloes that evolve in Southeast Asia and China and dairy buffaloes exist in Indo-Pakistan and Mediteranian. In Indonesia, beef buffaloes are known as swamp buffalo and there are seven new buffalo breeds namely Pampangan, Sumbawa, Moa, Toraya, Simelue, East Kalimantan and South Kalimantan. Buffaloes are reared in extensive traditional system characterized by low growth rate and reproduction ability due to feed shortage and high inbreeding rate. Feed improvements in female is required to get dry matter intake 2.5-2.7% of body weight (BW) that consist of 70% roughage and 30% concentrates, will show a clear sign of estrus. In the male when feed consumption is 2.7-3.5% of BW; it will perform growth rate of 0.6 kg/head/day. Genetic improvement is conducted through selection based on BW in certain ages, reproduction ability and parents without recessive alleles. Distribution of proven bulls and their sperm in outbreeding system would improve the production and reproduction performance, reduce inbreeding level and increase breeding farmerâs income. It is expected that in the long term, the population of buffaloes in Indonesia will increase. Key words: Buffalo, strategies, feed, genetic

Study of Antigenicity and Immunogenicity Gra1 Protein from Toxoplasma gondii Subekti, Didik T
Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 23, No 3 (2013)
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Toxoplasmosis is known as zoonotic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii infection. This microorganism has ability to evade immune system by forming parasitophorus vacuole (PV) formed through the phagosome vacuole modification by secreting dense granule protein (GRA). Among GRAs protein, GRA1 was selected as candidate for vaccine development. However, it remains controvercial whether the protein has adequate antigenicity and strong immunogenicity which are suitable for vaccine candidate. Some researcher reported that DNA vaccine of GRA1 was able to induce cellular mediated immunity and proinflamatoric humoral immunity. In fact, another study demonstrated that GRA1 protein was only antigenic based on their molecular weight and bioinformatic analysis.The other studies also showed that GRA1 was considered as weak immunogen based on bioinformatic studies. The ability of GRA1 protein to stimulate immune responses, both humoral and cellular mediated immunity were seemly caused by adjuvant. Â Key words: Toxoplasma gondii, GRA1, cellular mediated immunity, humoral immunity

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Jawa barat

INDONESIA