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WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

WARTAZOA
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Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

ISSN : 02166461 EISSN : 23546832 DOI : 10.14334

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences ISSN: 0216-6461 E-ISSN: 2354-6832 is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD). The aim of this journal is to publish high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding developments in the field of animal and veterinary science. It was first published in 1983. The journal has been registered in the CrossRef system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI) prefix 10.14334.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 785 Documents

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Genetic Resources of Shade Tolerant Forage Crops Purwantari, Nurhayati Diah
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 26, No 2 (2016): JUNE 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Forage crops are planted mostly in marginal land or integrated with other crops. Estate crops land is one of the alternative areas for forage crops plantation. Shortage of forage crops development under crop plantation is caused by limited light intensity, due to crop shading. Selecting forage crops adapted to estate crops plantation is crusial to achieve its high production and quality. Several grasses and legumes have been identified as forage crops that tolerant to shading of less than 40%, 40-60% and more than 60% light intensity. Some of them have been applied in the area of oil palm plantation to support the acceleration of livestock population. Â

Characteristics and Applications of Nanoparticles in Manipulation of Livestock Reproductive Hormones Fitra Aji Pamungkas; Elizabeth Wina
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 25, No 4 (2015): DECEMBER 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

The research on hormone packaged in very small size particles began to develop in recent years. Nanoparticles are defined as particulate dispersions or solid particles with a polymer used as a component of potential hormone carrier as effective drug because of their ability to circulate and to release in a controlled period in the body. This review describes a variety of methods, characteristics and applications of nanoparticles hormones usages for animals. In general, several studies indicated that the formation of the hormone nanoparticles using polymer accompanied by distributing a good and stable of molecular mass, can be used as a carrier component of hormones as well as considering the negative effect.

The Use of Plant Essential Oils as Feed Additives for Ruminants Muhamad N Rofiq
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 26, No 1 (2016): MARCH 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Public awareness of health risk and environmental problem caused by unappropriate use of antibiotics and hormones resulted in prohibition of antibiotics in feed since 2003 in European Union. The regulation stated that ruminant feed additives should not have an adverse effect on animal health, human health and environment. Plant essential oils are recommended for animal feed additive because of their antimicrobial effects. The major bioactive compounds of essential oils as rumen manipulator have not been yet evaluated on in vitro and in vivo studies. Some plants essential oils showed their function to increase dry matter digestibility, rumen VFA products, N-NH3 and reduce rumen methane production in the in vitro study. The studies still have not enough yet to prove the use of essential oils as ruminant feed additive to increase nutrient digestibility and mitigate rumen methane production. Combination of some plant essential oils or some of their main active components may be more advantageous because of their sinergistic effects.

Reducing Abdominal Fat Deposition in Broiler Through Feeding Management Cecep Hidayat
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 25, No 3 (2015): SEPTEMBER 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Abdominal fat in broiler carcass is considered as a waste and its existence reduces the carcass quality. Abdominal fat deposition is affected by several factors such as genetic, nutrition, feed, sex, age and environment. Reducing abdominal fat deposition can be carried out by regulating the nutrient intake to ensure that no excessive nutrient was consumed. Nutrition effects to reduce abdominal fat deposition are associated with nutrient concentration of ration and quantity of daily feed intake. Daily nutrient intake can be limited, especially through restricted feeding. It is concluded that an appropriate feeding management can reduce abdominal fat deposition in broiler. Key words: Broiler, abdominal fat, feed

Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) as an Alternative Protein Source for Animal Feed Wardhana, April Hari
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 26, No 2 (2016): JUNE 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Increasing demand of protein source for animal feed, particularly fish meal and soybean meal has led to a problem in the future. It is a need to look for an alternative protein source, in order to meet amino acid requirements maintaining livestock production level. Insects possesing high quality, efficient dan rich protein content at all life stages such as Black Soldier Fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens) could be used as one of the alternatives. The flies grow and reproduce easily, have high feed efficiency and can be reared on bio-waste streams. These are neither pests nor vectors of diseases. Insect meal generally possesses levels of chemical contaminants which are below recommended maximum concentrations. The larvae have antibacterial (Escherichia coli O15:H7, Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis) and antiviral (enterovirus and adenovirus ) properties. Larvae of BSF could be scaled up easily and possess 40-50% protein content, including some essential amino acids that can be used to replace both fish meal and soybean meal in feed.Â

Efforts to Develop Rapid Technology of In Vitro Transcription and Translation in Vaccine Synthesis in Indonesia Muhamad Ali
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 25, No 4 (2015): DECEMBER 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Production of functional protein (including vaccine) using conventional technology in embryonated chicken eggs is laborious and lengthy. The use of chemical synthesis is not practical for peptides longer than 20 residues. In contrast, in vitro transcription and translation technology can directly utilize polymerase chain reaction (PCR) product as template for vaccine synthesis within two hours accurately. Moreover, up to 1-10 mg/ml protein can be produced using the technology compared to conventional method that only gives approximately one dose per egg. In this review, advantages and disadvantages of animal vaccine generation using conventional and in vitro methods would be described. In vitro transcription and translation technology can be considered as the most practical and efficient technique for rapid screening and generating new animal vaccines.

Hantavirus Infection: Anticipation of Zoonotic Disease in Indonesia Indrawati Sendow; NLPI Dharmayanti; M Saepullah; RMA Adjid
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 26, No 1 (2016): MARCH 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Recently, the evidence of Hantavirus infection in human and animals is increasing, and new Hantavirus strain has been identified. The disease causes clinical renal and lung disorders and fatal to human. The presence of new Hantavirus strain, lack of available quick and accurate diagnostic tool, asymptomatic clinical signs and paucity of disease information, will inhibit disease control especially in the developing countries. The paper describes Hantavirus disease and its epidemiology in developed and developing countries, including Indonesia and its recommendation for disease prevention and control.

The Role of Non-specific and Specific Immune Systems in Poultry against Newcastle Disease Dyah Ayu Hewajuli; NLPI Dharmayanti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 25, No 3 (2015): SEPTEMBER 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Newcastle disease (ND) is caused by avian paramyxovirus-1 which belong to Avulavirus genus and Paramyxoviridae family. The birds have abnormalities in humoral (bursa fabricius) and cellular (thymus and spleen) lymphoid organs. Lesions decrease the immune system. Immune system consists of non-specific and specific immune systems. The main components of non-specific immunity are physical and chemical barrier (feather and skin or mucosa), phagocytic cells (macrophages and natural killer), protein complement and the mediator of inflammation and cytokines. Interferons (IFNs) belong to a group of cytokines that play a major role in the nonspecific or innate (natural) immunity. The virulent ND virus encodes protein of V gene can be suppressed IFN type I. This leads to non-specific immune system fail to respond to the virulent strains resulting in severe pathogenicity. The defense mechanism of the host is replaced by specific immunity (adaptive immunity) when natural immunity fails to overcome the infection. The specific immune system consists of humoral mediated immunity (HMI) and cell-mediated immunity (CMI). The cells of immune system that react specifically with the antigen are B lymphocytes producing the antibodies, T lymphocytes that regulate the synthesis of antibodies and T cells as effector or the direct cytotoxic cells. Both non-specific and specific immunities are complementary against the invasion of ND virus in the birds. The objective of this article is to discuss the role of non specific and specific immune system in ND.

The Use of Mycotoxin Binder to Control Its Contamination in Feed Prima Mei Widiyanti; Romsyah Maryam
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 26, No 2 (2016): JUNE 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

The climate in Indonesia as a tropical country is very condusive for the growth of mycotoxins producing fungi. Mycotoxins have properties as carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, estrogenic, neurotoxic, and immunotoxic. Mycotoxins reduce performance, appetite, weight, and immunity. They also cause reproductive disorders and generate the residues in animal products that affect human health. These can be prevented by controlling mycotoxins contamination in agricultural products that used for feed ingredients through good management practices (during planting, harvesting, and storage). Mycotoxins contamination can also be minimized by physical, chemical and biological treatments as well as the application of mycotoxin binders. This review describes the use of mycotoxin binders in animal feed. They are used as feed additives, may be derived from organic, inorganic materials or their combination. Combination of organic and inorganic substances proven to be more effective and efficient in controlling mycotoxin contamination. Therefore, it is recommended to use mycotoxin binders to prevent animal health disorder and to decrease mycotoxin residues in animal products.

Perspective on the Production Availability of Animal Protein Source from Livestock in Indonesia Priyono Priyono; Atien Priyanti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 28, No 1 (2018): March 2018
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Human Development Index (HDI) is used to measure overall performance where Indonesia's HDI is ranked 110 out of 187 countries with an index value of 0.684 in 2015. Consumption of animal protein has a relationship with life expectancy and quality of life which determines by the HDI performance. The paper describes on perspective development of animal protein source from livestock in Indonesia. The production development of animal protein source in overall (meat, eggs, and milk) had a positive growth during the period of 1994-2015 with the range of 1-6%/year, except that for buffalo meat production that decreased by 1.77%/year. The animal protein availability of meat was dominated by broiler production, followed by beef, mutton and others. The broiler meat production has the highest growth rate of 6.67%/year. Meanwhile, the animal protein source of non-meat production was dominated by eggs and milk production that its growth rate were 5.98 and 4.29%/year, respectively. In the same period, the meat production share was dominated by poultry meat, the rest derived from large ruminant, small ruminant, and other meat sources. Egg and milk production share also increased significantly during the period and share availability of beef production was less than 25% where its consumer participation was decreased. This indicates that beef is not a primary consumption for the majority people of Indonesia. Development program is needed to encourage an increase of the protein source from poultry meat, large ruminants, small ruminants, and milk.

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Journal Mail Official
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Editorial Address
Indonesian Center for Animal Science Research and Development Jl. Raya Pajajaran Kav E-59 Bogor 16151 Bogor Indonesia

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA