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WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

WARTAZOA
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Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

ISSN : 02166461 EISSN : 23546832 DOI : 10.14334

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences ISSN: 0216-6461 E-ISSN: 2354-6832 is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD). The aim of this journal is to publish high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding developments in the field of animal and veterinary science. It was first published in 1983. The journal has been registered in the CrossRef system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI) prefix 10.14334.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 785 Documents

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Strengthening Dairy Cooperative through National Development of Livestock Region ., Priyono; Priyanti, A
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 25, No 2 (2015): JUNE 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Establishment of dairy cattle development region needs to be conducted in accordance with the national dairy industry development plan. Dairy cattle regions have been designed and equipped with infrastructure supplies, supporting facilities, technologies, finance, processing, marketing, institutional and human resources. Dairy cooperative is one of the marketing channels of milk and milk products which have strategic roles to support the national dairy industry. Collaborations between dairy cooperatives and smallholder farmers within a district region have to be done based on agricultural ecosystems, agribusiness system, integrated farming and participatory approach. This may improve dairy cooperatives as an independent and competitive institution. Strengthening dairy cooperatives in national region dairy cattle was carried out through institutional inventory and dairy cooperatives performance; requirement of capital access, market and networks as well as education and managerial training; certification and accreditation feasibility analysis and information and technology utilization. Establishment of emerging dairy cooperatives towards small and micro enterprises is carried out by directing them to establish cooperatives which have legal certainty and business development opportunities. The impact of strengthening dairy cooperative may support dairy cattle development through increase population and milk production. Sustainable dairy cattle development needs to be supported by regional and national government policies. Key words: Dairy cooperatives, animal husbandry district development, dairy

Government Policies on Small Scale Poultry Business and Environmental Health in Indonesia Ilham, Nyak
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 25, No 2 (2015): JUNE 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The government paid great attention to develop small-scale poultry business, to reduce poverty alleviation and increase employment opportunities. The government has established various policies to encourage the growth of poultry production cluster (PPC) in rural areas. However, the fact shows that these policies have not been able to solve the problems. Small-scale poultry business is particularly vulnerable to economic changes, including animal diseases. The economic crisis of 1997-1998 and avian influenza outbreaks in 2004-2006 had caused most of small-scale enterprises collapsed. Government policies to develop small scale poultry business which is environmental friendly are required so its existence does not disturb the public. Since 2006, the government has established various policies, ie. Village Poultry Farming (VPF) and compartment structuring. Based on evaluation and existing cases, the results have no meet the expectation yet, due to lack of sustain supervision. On the other hand, small scale poultry business has been set up on PPCâs under partnerships with companies. The government is expected to continue VPF program and should pay attention to the development of PPC that basically has been accepted by rural communities. Key words: Government policies, poultry, small scale, environmental health

Synchronization of Protein and Energy Supply in the Rumen to Improve Low Quality Feed Efficiency Anggraeny, Yenny Nur; Soetanto, H; ., Kusmartono; ., Hartutik
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 25, No 3 (2015): SEPTEMBER 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Agricultural by-products which can be used as source of roughage, have some limitations as they contain low crude protein and low dissolved organic material and high crude fiber. Synchronization of nutrients through supplementation can provide a positive effect on microbial protein synthesis, especially on ruminants fed low quality forage. Contribution of protein from rumen microbes is essential for feed management based on agricultural by product. Microbial protein can supply 70-100% of the total protein available for ruminants fed low quality feed. Microbial protein has amino acid profile which is ideal to meet ruminantâs requirement. This paper describes synchronization of protein and energy supply in the rument that has been applied by several countries. Application of this synchronization in Indonesia is still limited on: (1) Arranging the use of feedstuffs through the ratio of forage and concentrate; (2) Supplementation of protein and energy sources; and 3) Feeding frequency regulation. The application of synchronization through the use of feed ingredients based on degradation level and its index value is still limited due to lack of data on protein and energy degradation of feed ingredients used in Indonesia. Therefore, the information on the degradation value of protein and energy of feed ingredients in Indonesia is necessary in order to optimize the use of low quality feed ingredients. Key words: Nutrient synchronization, microbial protein, fiber source, agricultural by-product

Utilization of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica) from Papua as an Alternative Feedstuff to Substitute Corn Tirajoh, Siska
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 25, No 3 (2015): SEPTEMBER 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Papua foxtail millet (Setaria italica) is a plant which has been used as a source of carbohydrate, but it has not been used optimally. High demand in consuming corn as a poultry feeds provides an opportunity for Papua foxtail millet to be used as a substitute for corn in feed. Evaluation of nutritive values and antinutrient shows that Papua foxtail millet potential to be used as feed stuff. Studies on cultivation technology, evaluation of the nutritive values and antinutrient and its benefits as an alternative feed are relatively limited. The results shows that the Papua foxtail millet contains dry matter (88.37%), ash (0.86%), protein (12.07%), fat (2.76%), crude fiber (1.93%), metabolizable energy (3,139 kcal/kg) and anti-nutritional factors (3.07% of phytate and 0.01% of tannins). Several studies reported that the use of Papua foxtail millet at various levels (25-100%) in feed, can substitute corn and give a positive response on consumption, daily weight gain, feed conversion, carcass composition and percentages and egg production. It can be concluded that the Papua foxtail millet can be used as a corn substitution in poultry feed. Key words: Papua foxtail millet, nutritive values, antinutrition, alternative feedÂ Â

Reducing Abdominal Fat Deposition in Broiler Through Feeding Management Hidayat, Cecep
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 25, No 3 (2015): SEPTEMBER 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Abdominal fat in broiler carcass is considered as a waste and its existence reduces the carcass quality. Abdominal fat deposition is affected by several factors such as genetic, nutrition, feed, sex, age and environment. Reducing abdominal fat deposition can be carried out by regulating the nutrient intake to ensure that no excessive nutrient was consumed. Nutrition effects to reduce abdominal fat deposition are associated with nutrient concentration of ration and quantity of daily feed intake. Daily nutrient intake can be limited, especially through restricted feeding. It is concluded that an appropriate feeding management can reduce abdominal fat deposition in broiler. Key words: Broiler, abdominal fat, feed

The Role of Non-specific and Specific Immune Systems in Poultry against Newcastle Disease Hewajuli, Dyah Ayu; Dharmayanti, NLPI
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 25, No 3 (2015): SEPTEMBER 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Newcastle disease (ND) is caused by avian paramyxovirus-1 which belong to Avulavirus genus and Paramyxoviridae family. The birds have abnormalities in humoral (bursa fabricius) and cellular (thymus and spleen) lymphoid organs. Lesions decrease the immune system. Immune system consists of non-specific and specific immune systems. The main components of non-specific immunity are physical and chemical barrier (feather and skin or mucosa), phagocytic cells (macrophages and natural killer), protein complement and the mediator of inflammation and cytokines. Interferons (IFNs) belong to a group of cytokines that play a major role in the nonspecific or innate (natural) immunity. The virulent ND virus encodes protein of V gene can be suppressed IFN type I. This leads to non-specific immune system fail to respond to the virulent strains resulting in severe pathogenicity. The defense mechanism of the host is replaced by specific immunity (adaptive immunity) when natural immunity fails to overcome the infection. The specific immune system consists of humoral mediated immunity (HMI) and cell-mediated immunity (CMI). The cells of immune system that react specifically with the antigen are B lymphocytes producing the antibodies, T lymphocytes that regulate the synthesis of antibodies and T cells as effector or the direct cytotoxic cells. Both non-specific and specific immunities are complementary against the invasion of ND virus in the birds. The objective of this article is to discuss the role of non specific and specific immune system in ND. Key words: Newcastle disease, limphoid organs, non-specific, specific immunity

Integrated Bali Cattle Development Model Under Oil Palm Plantation Matondang, Rasali Hakim; Talib, C
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 25, No 3 (2015): SEPTEMBER 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Bali cattle have several advantages such as high fertility and carcass percentage, easy adaptation to the new environment as well. Bali cattle productivity has not been optimal yet. This is due to one of the limitation of feed resources, decreasing of grazing and agricultural land. The aim of this paper is to describe Bali cattle development integrated with oil palm plantations, which is expected to improve productivity and increase Bali cattle population. This integration model is carried out by raising Bali cattle under oil palm plantation through nucleus estate scheme model or individual farmers estates business. Some of Bali cattle raising systems have been applied in the integration of palm plantation-Bali cattle. One of the intensive systems can increase daily weight gain of 0.8 kg/head, calfcrop of 35% per year and has the potency for industrial development of feed and organic fertilizer. In the semi-intensive system, it can improve the production of oil palm fruit bunches (PFB) more than 10%, increase harvested-crop area to 15 ha/farmer and reduce the amount of inorganic fertilizer. The extensive system can produce calfcrop Â³70%, improve Â³30% of PFB, increase business scale Â³13 cows/farmer and reduce weeding costs Â³16%. Integrated Bali cattle development may provide positive added value for both, palm oil business and cattle business. Key words: Model, integration, Bali cattle, oil palm plantations

Wartazoa full issue Issue, Download
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 25, No 2 (2015): JUNE 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

The Use of Mycotoxin Binder to Control Its Contamination in Feed widiyanti, prima mei; Maryam, Romsyah
WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 26, No 2 (2016): JUNE 2016
Publisher : Indonesian Animal Sciences Society

Indonesia as a tropical country that very conducive for the growth of mycotoxigenic fungi. The climate in Indonesia as a tropical country is very condusive for the growth of mycotoxins producing fungi. Mycotoxins have properties as carcinogenic, mutagenic, teratogenic, estrogenic, neurotoxic and immunotoxic. Mycotoxins reduce performance, appetite, weight, and immunity. They also cause reproductive disorders and generate the residues in animal products that affect human health. These can be prevented by controlling mycotoxins contamination in agricultural products that used for feed ingredients through good management practices (during planting, harvesting, and storage). Mycotoxins contamination can also be minimized by physical, chemical and biological treatments as well as the application of mycotoxin binders. This review describes the use of mycotoxin binders in animal feed. They are used as feed additives, may be derived from organic, inorganic materials or their combination. Combination of organic and inorganic substances proven to be more effective and efficient in controlling mycotoxin contamination. Therefore, it is recommended to use mycotoxin binders to prevent animal health disorder and to decrease mycotoxin residues in animal products.Â

Use of Carotenogenic Neurospora in Fermentation of Agricultural Byproduct for Poultry Feed Nurfaizin .; P R Matitaputty
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 25, No 4 (2015): DECEMBER 2015
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Agricultural byproduct is biomass that potential to partly subtitute the conventional feed. However, there are some constraints such as high fiber, low protein and carotene contents. One of the efforts to improve the nutritive value of agricultural byproduct is fermentation using carotenogenic Neurospora. This fungi easily and readily grows on substrate fermented in aerobic condition. Neurospora fermentation is able to reduce crude fiber, to increase crude protein and carotene content of substrate. Utilization of Neurospora fermented product as poultry feed ingredients increased productivity and product quality more efficiently.

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Indonesian Center for Animal Science Research and Development Jl. Raya Pajajaran Kav E-59 Bogor 16151 Bogor Indonesia

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA