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WARTAZOA Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

WARTAZOA
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Published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

ISSN : 02166461 EISSN : 23546832 DOI : 10.14334

Core Subject : Health,

Veterinary

WARTAZOA. Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences ISSN: 0216-6461 E-ISSN: 2354-6832 is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal published by Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development (ICARD). The aim of this journal is to publish high-quality articles dedicated to all aspects of the latest outstanding developments in the field of animal and veterinary science. It was first published in 1983. The journal has been registered in the CrossRef system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI) prefix 10.14334.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 785 Documents

66 67 68 69 70

Nitrate - Nitrite Toxicosis in Animals and Their Cases in Indonesia Yuningsih .
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 10, No 1 (2000)
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Nitrate is naturally present in the environment such as in plants, fertilized soil, and water. Toxicity of nitrate-nitrite in animals occurred when these animals consumed grasses or plants, which contained high level of nitrate. As a consequence nitrate is converted into lethal nitrite by the bacteria in the rumen. When nitrite is absorbed into the blood, haemoglobine (Hb) is converted by nitrite into methaemoglobine (MetHb) which reduces the oxygen uptake, if MetHb level reaches 20-30%. As a consequence the suffering animals show difficulty in breathing, the clinical sign develop when MetHb reaches 80-90%, causing the death of the animals and this MetHb levels result in brown discoloration of the blood, as a characteristic of nitrate-nitrite poisoning. Several cases of nitrate-nitrite poisoning were reported from Bogor, Bandung, Sukabumi, Jakarta, and Kupang in various animals from the year 1992 to 1997. It was reported that 6,250; 8,000; 2,000; 5,000 mg/kg nitrate and 10 mg/kg nitrite detected in the feed of zebra, dairy cattle, horse, sheep, and duck respectively. The grass containing high level of nitrate was probably due to over fertilized with organic and inorganic fertilizers. Key words : Poisoning, nitrate, nitrite, animals, grass, water

The Characteristic and The Use of Pelung Chicken in Indonesia Sofjan Iskandar; Triana Susanti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 17, No 3 (2007): SEPTEMBER 2007
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Pelung chicken is one of livestock genetic resources in Indonesia, which has been playing an important role for years in the villagers in West Java Province. Pelung chicken originally came from Cianjur district in West Java area. It has been raised as a singing cockerel. This singing ability of the cockerel has become the main criteria for Pelung chicken regular competition in Cianjur. A serious attention on Pelung chicken can maintain the existence of Pelung chicken. The specific character of Pelung chicken compared to other native chicken in Indonesia is the large size of its body. This character could be used to improve the growth rate up to 20% bodyweight and the feed utilization efficiency up to 10% when crossbred with Kampung chicken. The economic value of Pelung chicken is not only its beautiful voice but also as a source of local chicken meat. Further research on any genetic potential of Pelung chicken is strongly suggested. Key words: Pelung chicken, characteristic, the use of

Developing Cattle Agribusiness in an Intergrated Coconut Plantation Area Kusuma Diwyanto; S Rusdiana; B Wibowo
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 20, No 1 (2010): MARCH 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Developing an integrated coconut beef cattle system could be prospective in view of both technical and economical aspects. The present agribusiness of coconut plantation as monoculture, has not met sufficient farmer’s income, because each hectare of land, only produces equivalent to 2,500,000 rupiahs per year. Constraints such as plant disease, fluctuation price of coconut and the large areas of old plants need to be solved seriously. Integrated coconut-cattle system (CCS) in small holding scale region with Low External Input Sustainable Agriculture (LEISA) approach is considered to be economically potential. Additional income is estimated increase 2 – 3 times than traditionally monoculture-based coconut production. About one percent (approximately 30,000 hectare) of total coconut plantation can support 30,000 until 100,000 cattle per year. This will contribute mostly (90%) of the national requirement of meat. Theoritically, when 10% of whole areas of coconut crop is integrated with cattle production, Indonesia could even export the meat.This program of CCS -based on coconut farming can be made posible, when it is supoported by sufficient fund, technology, supervision and condusive policy. Key words: Development, agribusiness, cattle, coconut farm

Molecular Biology Review: Tumor Suppressor Gene (P53) as Target for Cancer Gene Therapy N L P Indi Dharmayanti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 13, No 3 (2003): SEPTEMBER 2003
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Cancer cells are accumulation of numerous genetic alteration that contribute to tumorigenesis, tumor progression and chemotherapeutic drug resistance. Most of these alteration affect the regulation of the cell cycle. In normal cells, a balance is achieved between proliferation and cell death by tightly regulating the progression through the cell cycle with cell cycle with cellular checkpoints. The accumulation of genetic alterations also contributes to enhanced chemoresistance, resulting from the loss of the ability to respond to DNA damage. The detection of DNA damage is governed by tumor suppressor p53. Following DNA damage, p53 arrest the cell to allow time for repair, or if the damage is extensive enough, p53 initiates programmed cell death or apoptosis. Loss of these various molecular checkpoint has been found to underlie the development of many tumors because cell cycle progression becomes dysregulated. Therefore a major strategy in gene therapy for cancer has focused on replacing the tumor suppressors in cancer cells. p53-gene therapy remains the most important tumor suppressor strategy being developed and its combination with chemotherapy or radiotherapy may prove to be even more beneficial. However, p53 may not represent the ideal choice for gene therapy in all cancers. In tumor that overexpress MDM2 or have HPV16 E6, other tumor suppressors such as p21 may be more desirable targets of gene therapy because they can bypass the inactivation of p53. Several problem still need to be resolved. First, an efficient vector needs to be designed that cause prolonged high expression of the transduced gene while only targeting cancer cells. Second, further criteria need to be established in scheduling the decision about which tumor suppressor to employ for gene therapy. Key words: Tumor suppressor gene (p53), gene therapy, cancer

The Use of Bali Cattle on Local Feed Resources for Beef Cows Development in Indonesia Kusuma Diwyanto; Atien Priyanti
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 18, No 1 (2008): MARCH 2008
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Bali cattle as an animal genetic resource of Indonesia is one of the appropriate cattle breed to be developed in Indonesia. Intensification of breeding program using Bali cattle may solve one of the heifer supply shortage in the beef cattle industry. Technology innovation base on the local feed resources and the use of agricultural by products is needed to meet the demand of sustainable feed supply for beef cattle. This will be the main basic components on the complete feed formulation that is cheap and easily accessible for the farmers. The crop livestock systems innovation through the zero waste approach need to be implemented to yield the zero cost cattle raising system. The cow calf operation system will only be run sustainable if the feed cost and the use of external inputs can be minimized. The program need to be integrated by the grower and fattening (finisher) activities. The grower cattle activities, such as run by the Center Village Cooperation in East Nusa Tenggara could afford the farmers participation and had a significant contribution to the farmers’ household. The success of an introduction program is largely determined by the involvement of the farmers in the very beginning based on the local indigenous technology. There is a need to empower the farmers group based on the cooperative principles to increase bargaining power, information accessibility and communication effectiveness. This effort will also simultaneously conducted with the policy support on accessibility of micro finance through the agriculture credit scheme. Key words: Bali cattle, local feed, beef cattle business

Competitive Power of Livestock Farming Towards 2020 Pantjar Simatupang; Prajogo U Hadi
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 14, No 2 (2004): JUNE 2004
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

In the decade of 1990s animal husbandry revolution started to occur and it is estimated to continue for the next 20 years. Contrary to the green revolution in which the main activator is technology innovations on the production, i.e. the discoveries of short life high-yielding varieties, the prime activator in animal husbandry revolution is the increasing demand. The demand on livestock products in the local markets is estimated to increase in line with the increase in income per capita and total population growth. It is projected that Indonesia will still have meat production deficit of around 2.7 million tons in 2020. This deficit is a local market huge opportunity to be exploited. As an archipelago, Indonesia has a less comparative superiority to develop grassfed livestock farming system, such as beef cattle, buffalo, goat and sheep, with a result that the competitive power of Indonesia lies on grain-fed livestock farming system, i.e. broiler and layer chickens. Therefore, in order to develop farming and simultaneously improve the comparative power of Indonesian livestock farming by considering the diversity of biophysical of the regions and the social economic potency (including the huge local markets), it is necessary to develop specific location technologies for grain-fed intensive farming orienting at the local market demand and at the same time also facilitate the grassfed fanning system so it does not extinct. Key words: Developing livestock farming

Control of Coccidiosis in Chickens Through Herbal Medicine Fitrine Ekawasti; E Martindah
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 29, No 1 (2019): March2019
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Coccidiosis caused by Eimeria sp. is an important disease in poultry industry. In Indonesia, the morbidity due to this disease in poultry reaches up to 90%. The clinical symptoms of coccidiosis vary depending on the age of poultry and the species of Eimeria. If coccidiostat is not properly used in control and eradication program, it will cause resistance and residue in meat and egg. This paper aims to describe the optimal control of coccidiosis without chemical substances by using natural herbs. Resistance cases to Eimeria sp. cause the anti-coccidia ineffective therefore a safe and effective coccidiostat is needed. Currently, coccidiosis control using natural medicines from herbs was reported to be effective, safe, free of side effects and cheaper. An integrated coccidiosis control program can be applied along with biosecurity, vaccination, prebiotics and coccidiostat from herbs. Control of coccidiosis in chickens with herbal medicines can increase immunity, appetite and reduce stress so that it can suppress Eimeria sp. infestation.

Some Pathogenic Bacteria of Livestock Origin as a Cause of Foodborne Diseases Anni Kusumaningsih
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 20, No 3 (2010): SEPTEMBER 2010
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Food are essentialy required for cell metabolism in human physiologyc. Food should be free from biological, chemical, and physical contamination and also hazardous substances. All of them are able to disrupt physiological homeostatis resulting disorder or diseases. Diseases resulted by those contaminant are called food borne disease. One of the important contaminants is biological contaminant especially pathogenic bacterias. Some pathogenic bacteria such as Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Bacillus anthracis, Clostridium spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Campylobacter spp., Vibrio cholerae, Enterobacter sakazakii, Shigella, are able to cause symptomatic diseases. Overall, the general symptoms of the diseases due to pathogenic bacterial infection are gastric pain, nausea, vomit, headache, loss of appetite, fever, and also dehydration. Key words: Pathogenic bacteria, foodborne diseases, food

Heat Stress on Poultry: Metabolism, Effects and Efforts to Overcome Mohammad Hasil Tamzil
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 24, No 2 (2014): JUNE 2014
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Poultry industries in the tropics are challenged by high ambient temperatures and humidities which cause poultry suffer from heat stress. Heat stress contributes to the instability of certain compounds, such as enzymes. Consequently the enzymes function reduces. Affecting the physiological and hormonal conditions of the poultry. In such condition, the body will attempt to restore homeostasis to the state before it happened. When physiological failed to meet the condition, the body will use the genetic pathway by activating Heat Shock Protein (HSP) genes to protect proteins which are sensitive to high temperatures. Heat stress in poultry triggers the emergence of various diseases and affects the growth of poultry and egg production. These negative effects on poultry can be minimized by selecting the type of chickens which are tolerant to high ambient temperature, modifying microclimates of cages and adding anti-stress compounds through feed and or drink. Key words: Heat stress, heat shock protein, physiological conditions, poultry

The Advantage of Yeast Saccharomyces Cerevisiae for Livestock Riza Zainuddin Ahmad
WARTAZOA, Indonesian Bulletin of Animal and Veterinary Sciences Vol 15, No 1 (2005): MARCH 2005
Publisher : Indonesian Center for Animal Research and Development

Saccharo nyces cerevisiae is a yeast that is useful for human and animal . It can be used for producing food and for biotechnology of industrial purposes . Recently. it is used as probiotic and immunostimulant to improve livestock productivity and health . Research results indicate that the utilization of S . cerevisiae as feed additive in animal feed has a positive correlation to the body weight gain of the animal . This paper describes the importance of S. cerevisiae in improving livestock productivity and health. Key words : S. cerevisiae, probiotic, immunostimulant, livestock

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Contact Name
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Contact Email
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Journal Mail Official
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Editorial Address
Indonesian Center for Animal Science Research and Development Jl. Raya Pajajaran Kav E-59 Bogor 16151 Bogor Indonesia

Location
Kota bogor,

Jawa barat

INDONESIA