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Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : 20878273     EISSN : 24606278     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Earth & Planetary Sciences
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture (JITAA) is a double blind peer-reviewed publication devoted to disseminate all information contributing to the understanding and development of animal agriculture in the tropics by publication of original research papers
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 676 Documents
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EFFECT OF SYNCHRONIZATION OF CARBOHYDRATE AND PROTEIN SUPPLY  IN THE SUGARCANE BAGASSE BASED DIET ON MICROBIAL PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN SHEEP Achmadi, J.; Suhada, A. T.; Nuswantara, L. K.; Wahyono, F.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 41, No 3 (2016): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.41.3.135-144

Abstract

The experimental research was conducted to clarify the effect of synchronization of ruminal carbohydrate and protein releases from sugarcane bagasse based diet (SBBD) on microbial protein synthesis in sheep. The first experiment was the formulation of three SBBD with similar nutrient content but differed in synchronization indexes (namely 0.36; 0.50 and 0.63). The in sacco nutrient degradability coefficient was used to calculate the synchronization index of each feedstuff. The second experiment was determination of post feeding ruminal pH, ruminal concentrations of total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) and ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level in sheep fed on experimental SBBD. The third experiment was determination of feed digestibility and estimation of microbial nitrogen synthesis (MNP) on the basis of excreted urinary allantoin. The alteration of dietary synchronization index did not change nutrient intake, but the digestibilities of DM, OM and CP were increased (P<0.05). The post feeding ruminal pH was decreased (P<0.05) but concentrations of post feeding ruminal TVFA and NH3-N, and level of BUN were increased (P<0.05) by the treatment of dietary synchronization index. The treatment of dietary synchronization index improved MNP (P<0.05), although dietary synchronization index at 0.63 lowered the MNP (P<0.05). 
THE ESTIMATION OF CARCASS TRAITS OF BALI BULLS USING ULTRASOUND Sri Rachma, A.B.; Harada, H.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 35, No 1 (2010): (March)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.35.1.55-62

Abstract

A study was conducted to collect information on Bali bulls carcass traits estimation as one of theselection criteria using ultrasound. Ultrasonic estimation of carcass traits such as M. longissimusthoracis area (MLTA), Subcutaneous Fat Thickness (SFT), Inter Muscular Fat Thickness (IMFT), RibThickness (RT) and Beef Marbling Score (BMS) were obtained from 92 head of bulls at Barru districtand 74 head of bulls at Bone district, South Sulawesi, Indonesia. The carcass traits estimation werescanned between the 6th - 7th ribs using ultrasound. The ultrasound is made of Fujihira Super-Eye FHK,Co. Meat. Ltd. with B-Mode and electronic linear probe, which used frequency of 2 MHz. The carcasstraits estimation photos were printed by video-copy machine (Aloka Co. Ltd., SSZ-300S). The dataobtained were analyzed using basic statistic and was discussed descriptively. The averages of all carcasstraits estimation of the Bali bull at Bone district at 12, 18 and 24 months of ages were higher than thoseat Barru district. The MLTA estimation of Bali bulls at Bone and Barru districts were 18.0 cm2, 24.3cm2, 23.8 cm2 Vs 16.6 cm2, 18.5 cm2, 23.3 cm2, respectively; the BMS estimated were 0.14, 0.24 and0.20 Vs 0.00, 0.15 and 0.17, respectively; the SFT estimation were 0.26 mm, 0.33 mm, 0.34 mm Vs0.28 mm, 0.26 mm, 0.34 mm, respectively; the IMFT estimation were 1.13 mm, 1.24 mm, 1.31 mm Vs0.97 mm, 1.06 mm, 1.14 mm, respectively; the RT estimation were 2.04 mm, 2.52 mm, 2.72 mm Vs1.19 mm, 2.12 mm, 2.30 mm, respectively. The growth of MLTA, SFT, IMFT, RT and BMS of thebulls of Bali cattle at the 12, 18 and 24 months of age were not reaching the optimally performances,yet. Therefore the selection process of the bulls of Bali cattle to be candidate of sire based on theestimation of carcass traits should be done after since 4 years of age.
Back-Matter (December 2014) Kurnianto, Edy
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 39, No 4 (2014): December
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.39.4.%p

Abstract

THE EFFECT OF CLOVE STEM OIL (Oleum caryophylli) ON THE GROWTH OF ESCHERICHIA COLI ISOLATED FROM NATIVE CHICKEN, CATTLE AND PIG Poeloengan, M.; Noor, S.M.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 34, No 4 (2009): (December)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.34.4.279-283

Abstract

The objective of this study was to examine the effects of Clove Stem Oil (Oleum caryophylli) orCSO extracts on the growth of Escherichia coli. A 4 x 3 Factorial Design was applied in this study. Thefirst factor was 4 types of E. coli isolates that collected from native chicken (C), young cattle (A), piglet(B1) and pig (B2), while the second factor was 3 concentrations of CSO extract, that was 50.00, 25.00and 12.50 percents. Fifteen micro liters of CSO extract was dropped in sterile paper disks. These diskwere laid on the MEU agar media previously inoculated with each of the four isolates and wereincubated overnight at 370C. The bacterial growth inhibition zones were observed and measured. Theresults demonstrated that the higher concentration of the CSO extracts, the higher bacterial growthinhibition effects obtained. Fhe growth inhibition effects of the CSO extracts on E. coli isolates C, A, B1and B2 were significantly different at P<0.05. It could be concluded that the CSO extracts were effectiveto control the E. coli growth.
UTILIZATION OF POLYCLONAL ANTIBODIES PRODUCED IN LOCAL HORSES (EQUUS CABALLUS) AS A RESOURCE FOR DEVELOPMENT OF ELISA CONJUGATE TO DETECT HEPATITIS B VIRUS (HBV) SURFACE ANTIGENS Depamede, S.N.; Sriasih, M.; Yulianti, E.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 37, No 2 (2012): (June)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.37.2.103-107

Abstract

The aim of this study was to utilize the antibody produced using Indonesia local horses (Equuscaballus) to make the conjugate of ELISA kit for detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV) surface antigen(HBsAg). The polyclonal antibodies were isolated and purified from local horses immunized repeatedlyusing isolated and purified HBsAg from Indonesia. The antibodies were conjugated with horseradishperoxidase by a modified method of Nakane and Kawaoi. The conjugate activities were performed usingthe principle of ELISA test conducted by the researchers as well as by independent laboratory.Commercial conjugate for HBsAg ELISA was used as a comparison study. The results of this studyindicated that the antibody produced from local horses can be used to make conjugates that werecomparable to commercial HBsAg ELISA kit.
Effect of napier grass supplemented with Gliricidia sepium, Sapindus rarak or Hibiscus rosa-sinensis on in vitro rumen fermentation profiles and methanogenesis Yuliana, P.; Laconi, E. B.; Jayanegara, A.; Achmadi, S. S.; Samsudin, A. A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 44, No 2 (2019): June
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.44.2.167-176

Abstract

This study examined the supplementation effects of gliricidia leaves(GL, Gliricidia sepium), lerak fruit(LF, Sapindus rarak), or hibiscusleaves(HL, Hibiscusrosa-sinensis) on in vitro rumen fermentation and methanogenesis and made a comparisonwith the Napier grass (NG, Pennisetum purpureum) grass. In vitro rumen fermentation was designed according to a randomized complete block design with four replications and seven treatments: NG, GL, LF, HL, NG 70% + GL 30%, NG 70% + LF 30%and NG 70% + HL 30%. The generated data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Duncan’s multiple range test and compared among treatment means.Addition of a plant containing saponin such as LF or HL to NG did not alter gas production after 24 and 48 h of incubation period in comparison to NG alone.The HLalone or blended with NGproduced the highest IVOMDduring the fermentation processas compared to other treatments (P<0.05). Adding LF supplement either singly or in combination significantly (P<0.05) reduced methane production in terms of %TVFA as compared to NG. Supplementation of LF plants has shifted VFA proportion towards more propionate and less acetate. The microbial population of LF, whether single or in combination had a tendency to reduce the rumen protozoa population but had no effect on methanogen population. It can be concluded that utilization of saponin-rich materials is particularly beneficial for reducing ruminal methane emission.
Market integration of fresh milk in dairy business area of Pamijahan District and Cisarua District, Bogor Regency - Indonesia Setianti, C.; Ekowati, T.; Setiadi, A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 42, No 1 (2017): March
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.42.1.42-47

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to analyze the integration between dairy commodity market in milk distribution channels at Dairy Business Area, Pamijahan District and Cisarua District, Bogor Regency, West Java. The research method used was a survey method. Simple random sampling was a sampling technique used in this research to determine the respondent. Purposive method was a method that was used to determine research location. Respondents were 80 dairy cattle farmers at Dairy Business Area, Pamijahan District and 90 dairy cattle farmers at Cisarua District. Research data were consisted of primary data and secondary data. The results showed that the co-integration test in dairy farmers Dairy Business Area, Pamijahan District-Cisarua District trace statistic value of 18.27 was greater than 5% critical value of 15.41. The co-integration test in dairy cooperative level the trace statistic value of 28.63 was greater than 1% critical value of 20.04. Granger causality test results indicated that the results werea causality relation in Dairy Business Area, Pamijahan District and Cisarua District. There was an effect of the increase of milk price between Dairy Business Area, Pamijahan District and Cisarua District in Dairy Processing Industry Level, that’s mean there was an integration between the milk price in Dairy Processing Industry level.
EXTRACTION OF TANNINS AND SAPONINS FROM PLANT SOURCES AND THEIR EFFECTS ON In vitro METHANOGENESIS AND RUMEN FERMENTATION Yuliana, P.; Laconi, E.B.; Wina, E.; Jayanegara, A.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 39, No 2 (2014)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.39.2.91-97

Abstract

This study was aimed to extract tannins from Swietenia mahagony and saponins from Sapindusrarak by using different solvents, and to test their extracts on in vitro rumen fermentation andmethanogenesis. Solvents used for extraction were water, methanol, acetone and their combinations.Tannin and saponin extracts were added into each incubation bottle containing Brachiaria humidicolagrass and Indigofera sp. legume (1:1 w/w) according to the following treatments (in four replicates): R1:control substrate, R2: R1 + 0.5 mg/ml tannin extract, R3: R1 + 1 mg/mL tannin extract, R4: R1 + 0.5mg/mL saponin extract, R5: R1 + 1 mg/mL saponin extract, R6: R1 + 0.5 mg/mL tannin extract + 0.5mg/mL saponin extract, and R7: R1 + 1 mg/mL tannin extract + 1 mg/mL saponin extract. Resultsrevealed that 75% water + 25% methanol was the best solvent to extract tannins from S. mahagonywhereas 100% methanol was the best to extract saponins from S. rarak. The highest gas production andthe lowest methane emission were obtained in R7. It can be concluded that combination of tannin andsaponin extracts were potential in mitigating ruminal methane emissions.
THE EFFECT OF VIRGIN COCONUT OIL ON LYMPHOCYTE AND CD4 IN CHICKEN VACCINATED AGAINST Avian Influenza VIRUS Yuniwarti, E.Y.W.; Asmara, W.; Artama, W.T.; Tabbu, C.R.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 37, No 1 (2012): (March)
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.37.1.64-69

Abstract

This research aimed to find preventing alternative of avian influenza (AI) disease in broiler chickenby increasing body immune. Lymphocyte T would directly react to antigen presented to the cell surfaceby antigen presenting cell (APC). Th-CD4 interaction functioned to maintain Th-APC bond intactduring specific antigen activation. Fatty acid in virgin coconut oil (VCO) was potential asimmunostimulant, which therefore could increase chicken immunity through the increase of lymphocyteT and Th-CD4. This research used 40 one-day-old broiler chickens. The method applied was CompletelyRandomized Factorial Design in which the first factor was two levels of vaccine, namely groups of AIvaccinated and unvaccinated. The second factor was four levels of VCO namely 0, 5, 10, 15 mL/kg feed.Day Old Chick (DOC) were divided into eight treatment groups and repeated five times. Feed and waterwere given ad libitum for four weeks. The result showed that the number of lymphocyte and Th-CD4 inchickens given 10 mL per kg feed and vaccinated with AI was higher than that in chickens given VCOwithout AI vaccine.
Evaluation of the nutrient contents of palm kernel cake fermented by microbial cocktails as a potential feedstuff for poultry Pasaribu, T.; Laconi, E.B.; Kompiang, I.P.
Journal of the Indonesian Tropical Animal Agriculture Vol 44, No 3 (2019): September
Publisher : Diponegoro University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jitaa.44.3.295-302

Abstract

The aims of this research were to improve the nutritive value of palm kernel cake by fermentation technology using Bacillus amyloliquefacien, Trichoderma harzianum and cocktail microbes (combination of Bacillus amyloliquefacien and Trichoderma harzianum). Data were analyzed using Completely Randomized Design Factorial, with experiments consisting of types of microbes (B. amyloliquefaciens, T. harzianum, microbial cocktail) as treatment and incubation time (0, 3, 5, and 7 days). Parameters were crude protein and crude fiber for all treatments, and the lowest fiber analysis would continue with NDF, ADF, crude fat, and amino acids. Result showed that the three of microbes grew on palm kernel meal in third incubation and grew on and in the substrate at 7 days. microbial cocktails increased protein and reduced crude fiber better than B. amyloliquefacien and T. harzianum on palm kernel cake fermentation technology. Cocktail microbes enhanced amino acids such as methionine, arginine, and glutamic acid, also neutral detergent fiber but reduced ADF and hemicellulose. It was concluded that the palm kernel cake fermented with microbial cocktails can reduced crude fiber and increase crude protein with an incubation period of 7 days. 

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