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Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research
Published by Universitas Diponegoro
ISSN : -     EISSN : 25032178     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research (JBTR) is an open access, international peer-reviewed journal that considers articles on: clinical medicine, molecular medicine, tropical medicine, infectious diseases, cardiovascular medicine, molecular biology, genetics, immunology, microbiology, biochemistry, and pharmacotherapy with particular interest on the link between clinical and basic research called translational research.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 193 Documents
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Biochemical and Histopathological Effect of Combination Extract Ethanolic Turmeric (Curcuma longa) and Kalmegh (Andrographis paniculata) in Iron Overload Rat Model Prastiyo, M. Dodik; Rujito, Lantip; Hernawati, Hernawati
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i1.28945

Abstract

Background: Thalassemia-β patients have erythrocyte damage that requires blood transfusion treatment. Blood transfusion treatment that is undergone has an impact on the condition of iron overload in the body. The condition of iron overload will result in oxidative stress and organ damage that requires additional therapyObjective: aimed to compare the effectiveness of turmeric and kalmegh extract doses against biochemical parameters and histopathological features of iron-induced liver Rattus Norvegicus.Methods: This study used a True-experiment research design with a post-test-only control group. A total of 30 rats were used and divided into six treatment groups, normal, deferiprone drugs, turmeric, and kalmegh extracts 100mg/KgBW, 200mg/KgBW, and 400mg/KgBW. Malondialdehyde, catalase, superoxide dismutase, and ferritin are used as biochemical parameters and hepatic histopathology is documented.Results: The results showed that there were significant improvements and differences in iron-induced rats.Conclusion: The study also showed that turmeric and kalmegh extracts had similar effects to deferiprone.
Synergistic Effects of Noni and Honey in Ameliorating Hyperglycemia and Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Rats Fadlilah, Synta Haqqul; Pauzi, Rizqi Yanuar; Muntafiah, Alfi; Silva, Ghea De
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i1.29317

Abstract

Background: The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) continues to rise, posing significant health challenges. T2DM is characterized by insulin resistance and often leads to hyperglycemia and oxidative stress, which increase the risk of complications. Natural products like noni (Morinda citrifolia) and honey have been studied individually for their antidiabetic properties.Objective: This study investigates the combination of noni and honey to regulate blood glucose, improve insulin sensitivity, and enhance antioxidant activity in diabetic models..Methods: The study involved 35 male Wistar rats divided into seven groups, including healthy controls, diabetic controls, and various treatment groups receiving noni fruit juice, honey, or their combinations at different dosages. Type 2 diabetes was induced using streptozotocin-nicotinamide (STZ-NA). Treatments of Noni and Honey were administered via gavage every day for 28 days. Blood glucose and SOD levels were measured using enzymatic assay methods, whereas insulin concentrations were determined through ELISA (Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay).Results: The combination of noni and honey significantly reduced fasting blood glucose levels (p < 0.0001), with the highest reduction observed in the MCH3 group. Insulin levels and HOMA-B were significantly increased, while HOMA-IR was decreased in treatment groups, particularly in MCH3. SOD activity was notably enhanced, indicating improved antioxidant status.Conclusion: The combination of noni fruit juice and honey exhibits synergistic hypoglycemic and antioxidant effects in diabetic rats, with the highest dose (MCH3) showing the most significant therapeutic potential. These findings support the potential use of noni and honey as complementary treatments in managing type 2 diabetes and its associated metabolic complications.
Ramadan Fasting and Anthropometric Parameters: The Role of MC4R rs17782313 Genotype in Adults Semarang, Indonesia Kurniawan, Kezia Yunandra; Yocku, Monica Hermina Sharon Otline; Savitri, Rachmania Anggita; Haq, Arynal; Maharani, Nani; Fulyani, Faizah; Noer, Etika Ratna; Pramono, Adriyan
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 1 (2026): April 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i1.29501

Abstract

Background: The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene regulates energy balance and food intake. The rs17782313 variant has been linked to altered homeostasis and eating behavior, and may also affect anthropometric and body composition responses during Ramadan fasting.Objective: To examine the effects of Ramadan fasting on anthropometric parameters, body composition, and macronutrient intake across different MC4R genotypes in adults.Methods: Thirty-five subjects were genotyped and grouped into recessive (TT, n=15) and dominant (TC+CC, n=20) allele carriers. Anthropometric and body composition measurements, dietary intake (SQ-FFQ), and physical activity (IPAQ-SF) were assessed before, during, and after Ramadan. Genetic data for rs17782313 were obtained from a prior investigation. Repeated Measures ANCOVA, adjusted for energy intake and physical activity, evaluated genotype and time effects.Results: The recessive group (TT) showed higher values than the dominant group (TC+CC), with significant differences in body weight, BMI, hip circumference, and visceral fat across all time points (p<0.05). Waist circumference differed significantly during and after Ramadan, while BMR differed only before fasting (p<0.05). Macronutrient intake and physical activity did not differ significantly, although protein and fat intake changes post-Ramadan were notable (p<0.05). A significant time–activity interaction was found for body weight (p=0.041). TT carriers experienced greater anthropometric benefits from Ramadan fasting compared to TC+CC carriers.Conclusion: Ramadan fasting significantly influences anthropometric parameters, body composition, and macronutrient intake across MC4R genotypes. Greater responses were observed in recessive carriers (TT), although fasting outcomes were also shaped by nutrition and physical activity. These findings highlight the interplay of genetic and environmental factors in energy regulation during Ramadan.
The Role of Vitamin D3 in Preventing Ethambutol-induced Toxic Optic Neuropathy on Wistar Rat Model: A Pilot Study Riski Prihatningtias; Trilaksana Nugroho; Suharyo Hadisaputro; Dwi Pudjonarko
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 2 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i2.29962

Abstract

Background: Ethambutol toxic optic neuropathy (ETON) is one of the side effects of ethambutol (EMB) therapy in tuberculosis (TB) patients which can cause visual impairment. Prevention of this neurotoxicity is effective strategy to address this condition. Vitamin D3 has the potential to prevent ETON since vitamin D3 is a neuroprotective agent.Objective: To observe the effect of vitamin D3 in ETON wistar rat model through its effect on the excitotoxicity pathway.Methods: This study used a true experimental, post-test-only randomized controlled design. Fourteen Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups. All rats received EMB at a dose of 32 mg per 200 g body weight per day for 30 days. The treatment group also received oral vitamin D3 at 72 IU per 200 g body weight per day. NMDA receptor expression was examined using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) density was analyzed using Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining. Differences in NMDA receptor expression were tested using the Mann–Whitney test, while RGC density was analyzed with an Independent T-test followed by Spearman’s correlation test.Results: The expression of NMDA receptors in the treatment group given vitamin D3 was lower than the control (62.00 ± 16.43 and 70.00 ± 7.07, respectively) with no statistically significant result (p=0.502). Retinal ganglion cell density in the treatment group was higher and statistically significant when compared with the control group (11.36 ± 0.51 and 9.60 ± 1.14, p=0.014). The results of the Spearman's correlation test between NMDA receptor expression and RGC density were found to be p=0.380.Conclusion: Oral vitamin D3 has an effect to increase RGCs density in rats given ethambutol.
Detection of TSPY Gene in Turner Syndrome and Its Variants Tuntas Dhanardhono; Agustini Utari; Tri Indah Winarni; Sultana MH Faradz
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 2 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i2.31127

Abstract

Background: One X chromosome deletion, either total or partial, is linked to the uncommon disorder known as Turner Syndrome. This condition frequently results in mosaic karyotypes. Conventional cytogenetic approaches for karyotype analysis may fail to detect low–level Y chromosome mosaicism. The use of molecular analysis as a foundational technique to evaluate Y-chromosome segments in patients with Turner has increased. A cell line with a Y-chromosome is present in approximately 5% of the patients, which is undetectable by the standard cytogenetic analysis. Molecular detection of TSPY (Testis Specific protein Y-linked) gene located at Yp11.2 has been done to detect chromosome Y materials and had been used to predict the risk of gonadoblastoma.Objective: To identify TSPY gene in patients with Turner Syndrome and its variants.Methods: DNA samples from 22 Turner Syndrome patients were undergone PCR amplification to detect TSPY gene.Results: There were 13 (59%) patients with 45 X and mosaic X karyotypes, while TSPY gene was not amplified. There is no hidden Y chromosome constituent was found. The remaining 9 (41%) patients had mosaic 46,XY. TSPY gene was able to be detected and amplified.Conclusion: PCR analysis show no hidden Y chromosome in monosomy X and mosaic 46,XX groups. Identification of TSPY gene by molecular analysis offers an applicable and challenging management. This approach plays a vital role in facilitating the diagnosis and management of Turner syndrome patients with mosaicism, especially in laboratories that lack of cytogenetic capabilities. These findings support in management, including genetic counseling of Turner Syndrome patients.
Association Between Serum Vitamin D and Hepcidin Serum Levels in Children with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study Jusli Aras; Lingga Pradipta; Syarifuddin Rauf
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 2 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i2.30284

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health issue in children and is frequently complicated by anemia, which is associated with poor outcomes. Hepcidin, a central regulator of iron metabolism, is elevated in CKD and exacerbates anemia. Emerging evidence suggests that vitamin D may influence anemia through effects on inflammation and erythropoiesis. However, the relationship between hepcidin and vitamin D in pediatric CKD remains unclear.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the correlation between serum hepcidin and vitamin D levels in children with CKD.Methods: This cross-sectional study included 40 children aged 3 months to <18 years with CKD, recruited through consecutive sampling. Serum hepcidin and vitamin D levels were measured using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Correlation analysis was performed to assess the relationship between hepcidin and vitamin D.Results: Mean serum hepcidin levels differed significantly according to vitamin D status (p < 0.001). A strong negative correlation was found between serum hepcidin and vitamin D levels (r = –0.856, p < 0.001), indicating that higher hepcidin concentrations were associated with lower vitamin D levels.Conclusion: Serum hepcidin levels are inversely correlated with vitamin D concentrations in children with CKD. These findings suggest that vitamin D deficiency may contribute to increased hepcidin production, potentially worsening anemia.
Focal Dermal Hypoplasia (Goltz Syndrome) in a 4-Year-Old Girl: A Rare Case Report Rabi&#039;atul Adawiyah; Sandi Nugraha; Pridania Vidya
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 2 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i2.31360

Abstract

Background: Focal dermal hypoplasia (FDH) is a rare X-linked dominant genetic disorder characterized by dermal hypoplasia along Blaschko’s lines and multisystem involvement.Case Presentation: We reported a 4-year-old girl who presented with facial asymmetry, alopecia, polydactyly, oral papillomas, and linear hypopigmented atrophic skin lesions following Blaschko’s lines, along with nystagmus and proptosis of the eyeball. Whole exome sequencing, performed in the patient and both parents, identified a heterozygous chrX:48372971 NM_203475.3:c.904G>T (p.Val302Phe) variant in the PORCN gene, which is essential for Wnt protein secretion and signaling.1 The variant was absent in both parents, indicating a de novo event. According to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) criteria, the variant was classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance (VUS) due to limited available evidence.2 However, the strong phenotypic concordance with FDH and the de novo occurrence support its potential pathogenicity and may justify reclassification toward likely pathogenic.Conclusion: The clinical and genetic findings support a diagnosis of FDH (Goltz syndrome). This case represents the first reported case in Indonesia and highlights the importance of integrating genotype and phenotype in interpreting VUS and contributes to the expanding spectrum of PORCN mutations.Keywords: Focal dermal hypoplasia, Goltz syndrome, facial asymmetry, papilloma
Hypoxia-Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes As A Novel Therapy Targeting Socs3/Stat3 Signaling In Androgenic Alopecia Pinandhito Nararya Wirrya Latukolan; Eko Setiawan; Sri Priyantini
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 2 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i2.29306

Abstract

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is the most common form of hair loss, characterized by progressive follicular miniaturization associated with dysregulation of suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). Current therapies, such as minoxidil, provide limited efficacy and are often accompanied by side effects. Exosomes derived from hypoxia-conditioned mesenchymal stem cells (EH-MSCs) offer regenerative, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory effects that may represent a novel therapeutic approach.Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic potential of EH-MSC exosomes in regulating SOCS3 and STAT3 signaling in a dihydrotestosterone-induced AGA mouse model.Methods: An in vivo randomized post-test–only control group design was conducted using thirty-four male C57BL/6 mice divided into five groups: healthy control (K1), DHT-induced AGA + saline (K2), DHT-induced + minoxidil 5% (K3), DHT-induced + EH-MSC exosomes 100 μg/kg (K4), and DHT-induced + EH-MSC exosomes 200 μg/kg (K5). Exosomes were isolated from hypoxia-preconditioned umbilical cord MSCs using tangential flow filtration and validated with CD63/CD9 markers by flow cytometry. SOCS3 and STAT3 expression levels were analyzed by qRT-PCR. Statistical tests included Shapiro–Wilk, Levene’s, one-way ANOVA, and post hoc analysis.Results: EH-MSC exosomes significantly modulated SOCS3 and STAT3 expression in a dose-dependent manner. The high-dose EH-MSC group (K5) restored SOCS3 expression (1.25 ± 0.18 pg/mL) to levels comparable with healthy controls (1.00 ± 0.00 pg/mL) and suppressed STAT3 expression (0.89 ± 0.15 pg/mL) toward normal values. Minoxidil only partially improved SOCS3 (0.49 ± 0.16 pg/mL) and STAT3 (2.32 ± 0.19 pg/mL) expression compared to untreated AGA controls.Conclusion: Exosomes derived from hypoxia-preconditioned MSCs demonstrated superior immunomodulatory effects compared to minoxidil by enhancing SOCS3 and suppressing STAT3 expression, thereby restoring follicular homeostasis in AGA. These findings suggest EH-MSC exosomes as a promising exosome-based therapeutic strategy for androgenetic alopecia, with potential implications for clinical nursing practice in regenerative dermatology.
The Importance of Prenatal Diagnosis in the Investigation of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Transition from Screening to Diagnostics Vanessa Julia Tei Seran
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 2 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i2.31422

Abstract

Recurrent pregnancy loss is a complex reproductive health problem that affects a significant proportion of women of reproductive age and is associated with substantial psychological, social, and economic burdens. Despite advances in reproductive medicine, the underlying cause remains unidentified in more than half of affected cases. This review aims to summarize current evidence regarding the etiological factors of recurrent pregnancy loss and to evaluate the role of prenatal diagnostic approaches in its investigation and management. The article discusses major contributing factors, including genetic, anatomical, endocrine, immunological, thrombophilic, and environmental influences. Furthermore, recent developments in non-invasive and invasive prenatal testing, chromosomal microarray analysis, whole-exome sequencing, parental karyotyping, and preimplantation genetic testing are reviewed. The importance of genetic counseling in supporting clinical decision-making and patient understanding is also highlighted. By integrating contemporary diagnostic technologies with multidisciplinary clinical care, prenatal diagnosis offers valuable insights into disease mechanisms and facilitates individualized management strategies. This review emphasizes the need for comprehensive evaluation and appropriate counseling to improve reproductive outcomes and reduce the emotional and financial burden experienced by affected couples.
Hypoxia-Induced Mesenchymal Stem Cell Exosomes Promote PDGF and IL-10 Expression During Burn Wound Healing Fanni Yuniar; Eko Setiawan; Chodidjah Chodidjah
Journal of Biomedicine and Translational Research Vol 12, No 2 (2026): August 2026
Publisher : Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14710/jbtr.v12i2.28892

Abstract

Background: Burn injuries remain a global health concern, with third-degree burns posing high morbidity and mortality risks. Effective wound healing requires both regeneration and inflammation control. Hypoxia-induced mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (EH-MSCs) have emerged as a promising cell-free therapy due to their regenerative and immunomodulatory properties.Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of EH-MSCs on the expression of Platelet-Derived Growth Factor (PDGF) and Interleukin-10 (IL-10) in a Wistar rat model of third-degree burns.Methods: An experimental study with a Post-Test Only Control Group design was conducted at the Stem Cell and Cancer Research Laboratory, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, in April 2025. Thirty male Wistar rats (6–8 weeks, 200–250 g) were randomized into five groups: healthy control, burn + NaCl, burn + silver sulfadiazine, burn + EH-MSC 100 µg/mL, and burn + EH-MSC 200 µg/mL. Third-degree burns were induced using a 2 × 2 cm² pre-heated metal plate under ether anesthesia. EH-MSCs were isolated from rat umbilical cords using tangential flow filtration and validated with CD63 and CD9 markers. On day 5, PDGF and IL-10 expressions were measured via RT-PCR after orbital sinus blood sampling. Data were analyzed using Shapiro-Wilk and Levene’s tests, followed by One-Way ANOVA or non-parametric equivalents, with p<0.05 considered significant.Results: PDGF and IL-10 expression increased in EH-MSC-treated groups, with the highest levels in the 200 µg/mL dose. IL-10 showed a significant difference among groups (p = 0.030), and post hoc tests confirmed higher expression in EH-MSC groups. PDGF showed a significant pairwise difference, though overall ANOVA was not significant (p = 0.094).Conclusion: EH-MSCs significantly enhanced IL-10 expression and increased PDGF levels, supporting their potential to promote regeneration and modulate inflammation in burn wound healing.

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