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Andi Adriansyah
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INDONESIA
Sinergi
Published by Universitas Mercu Buana
ISSN : 14102331     EISSN : 24601217     DOI : https://dx.doi.org/10.22441/sinergi
Core Subject : Engineering,
Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Control & Systems Engineering Electrical & Electronics Engineering Engineering Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering
SINERGI is a peer-reviewed international journal published three times a year in February, June, and October. The journal is published by Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Mercu Buana. Each publication contains articles comprising high quality theoretical and empirical original research papers, review papers, and literature reviews that are closely related to the fields of Engineering (Mechanical, Electrical, Industrial, Civil, and Architecture). The theme of the paper is focused on new industrial applications and energy development that synergize with global, green and sustainable technologies. The journal registered in the CrossRef system with Digital Object Identifier (DOI). The journal has been indexed by Google Scholar, DOAJ, BASE, and EBSCO.
Arjuna Subject : Teknik (semua kategori) - Teknik (Lain-Lain)
Articles 531 Documents
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Improving the implementation of Indonesian halal logistics: a statistical approach Kurniawati, Dwi Agustina; Kristanto, Dwi; Zailani, Suhaiza; Rochman, Muhammad Arief; Caroline, Cindy
SINERGI Vol 29, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/sinergi.2025.3.010

Abstract

In Indonesia, only a limited number of logistics providers have obtained halal certification, even though halal logistics plays a crucial role in preserving product integrity and preventing cross-contamination. This study analyzes the implementation of halal logistics by identifying key variables that influence the availability of halal products in the Indonesian market. Using a quantitative research approach, data were collected through surveys of 108 companies, including 35 logistics service providers and 73 halal-certified MSMEs, as well as semi-structured interviews with logistics service providers and MSME business actors in the food sector. The data were analyzed using multiple regression analysis to determine the most influential factors affecting halal product availability. The findings indicate that halal product information availability, consistent worker training, and corporate environmental responsibility are the primary variables influencing halal product availability. These insights provide a foundation for policymakers to develop regulations that strengthen halal logistics while enabling logistics providers and MSMEs to allocate resources more effectively to maintain halal product availability in the market. As one of the few studies examining halal logistics in Indonesia’s food sector, this research contributes to the broader discourse on halal supply chain management and policy development. This study emphasizes the need for stronger stakeholder collaboration to enhance halal logistics sustainability in Indonesia.
Experimental investigation on discarded aluminum can waste as an anodic anti-corrosion agent for steel in reinforced concrete under aggressive environments Fajar, Ahmad Choiry; Wijaksono, Allan Irnanda; Alhuda, Fajar Firdaus; Baihaqi, Daffa Firyal; Hendrawan, Nadiva Syabilla Sari; Astuti, Pinta; Rafdinal, Rahmita Sari; Purnama, Adhitya Yoga
SINERGI Vol 29, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/sinergi.2025.3.011

Abstract

Corrosion of concrete reinforcement can reduce the service life of buildings, especially in aggressive environments such as coastal areas, where salt content and high humidity accelerate corrosion. Sacrificial Anode Cathodic Protection (SACP) is a commonly utilized method of protecting structures from corrosion by using metals such as zinc (Zn), aluminum (Al), and magnesium (Mg) as sacrificial anodes. However, the high cost of these metals has prompted research into more economical and environmentally friendly alternatives. In this study, recycled aluminum from the beverage can waste was melted at 600˚C and then formed into a circle with a diameter of 11 cm to investigate the utilization and effectiveness of recycled aluminum compared to zinc as a sacrificial anode in the SACP process. The measurement of corrosion potential involved the assessment of current density, on-potential, off-potential, rest-potential, and depolarization. The recycled aluminum anode exhibited a depolarization value of 680 mV, demonstrating that waste cans could serve as an effective sacrificial anode to protect concrete structures.
Development of a machine learning model for the classification of healthy and diabetic subjects using electromyography signal Zulkifli, Muhammad Fathi Yakan; Mohamed Nasir, Noorhamizah; Ab Ghani, Muhammad Amin; Adriansyah, Andi; Selomah, Mohammad Suhaimi; Tay, Tay Gaik; Md Nor, Danial
SINERGI Vol 29, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/sinergi.2025.3.009

Abstract

Diabetes can lead to complications like Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN), which impacts muscle and nerve function. Electromyography (EMG) is a standard diagnostic tool for detecting DPN, but its complex signals make analysis time-consuming, delaying detection and treatment. This study aims to develop and compare machine learning models for classifying healthy and diabetic individuals using EMG data collected during dorsiflexion movement. The Muscle Sensor V3 recorded EMG signals, which were then transformed into time-domain features—Root Mean Square (RMS), Mean Absolute Value (MAV), Standard Deviation (SD), and Variance (VAR)—for classification purposes. Machine learning models, including K-Nearest Neighbour (KNN), Support Vector Machine (SVM), and Artificial Neural Network (ANN), were optimized using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The analysis revealed that healthy individuals exhibited higher EMG amplitudes than those with diabetes. Among the models, ANN achieved the highest classification accuracy (94.44%) compared to SVM (88.89%) and KNN (77.78%). These results demonstrate the effectiveness of ANN as a reliable classifier for distinguishing between healthy and diabetic individuals, offering a more efficient and accurate approach to EMG data analysis for potential clinical applications.
A systematic review of methods for reducing embodied energy in building materials: a quantitative cradle-to-gate analysis Kautsar, Reihan Hafizah; Larasati, Dewi; Suhendri, Suhendri
SINERGI Vol 29, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/sinergi.2025.3.020

Abstract

Reducing embodied energy (EE) in building materials is a critical aspect of achieving sustainable building construction. Embodied energy refers to the total energy consumed in the extraction, processing, transportation, and manufacturing of building materials before they reach the construction site. In conventional buildings, total energy consumption is predominantly influenced by operational energy (OE), which includes energy used for heating, cooling, lighting, and ventilation throughout the building’s lifespan. However, in energy-efficient buildings, the proportion of EE to total energy demand becomes more significant, sometimes equaling or surpassing OE. This shift highlights the growing importance of minimizing EE in sustainable building design. This study conducts a systematic review using the PRISMA framework, extracting relevant data from the Scopus database to categorize methods for reducing EE within cradle-to-gate systems. These methods are classified into three phases: the material phase, the construction method phase, and the design phase. The material phase includes three approaches: mixed material intervention, production process intervention, and material substitution. The construction method phase encompasses two approaches: building component substitution and process or method substitution. Finally, the design phase focuses on interventions at the building design level. Despite these classifications, the findings suggest that no single phase or approach demonstrates a significantly greater impact on EE reduction than the others. Each approach contributes comparably to reducing EE, highlighting that while notable progress has been made, the relative effectiveness of individual methods remains consistent across phases. Integrated approaches combining strategies across multiple phases hold promise for substantial reductions in EE, emphasizing the need for future research to refine and innovate these methodologies. 
Evaluation of recycled steel properties originating from construction steel waste Alias, Mohamad Zarif Mirza; Asnawi Subki, Nur Ezzaryn; Mansor, Hazrina; Sahol Hamid, Yazmin; Mohd Afendi, Nurizzati Hidayah; Mohd Yusoff, Mazlan; Dominic, Ellvera De Ermalina; Nasurudin, Nur Saihah
SINERGI Vol 29, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/sinergi.2025.3.024

Abstract

This research presents an experiment of constructional recycled steel properties that has been remelted into component-shaped specimens using green sand casting. A series of tensile, compressive and toughness tests were conducted. Then, specimens were observed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy-Dispersive X-ray (EDX) for microstructure analysis and chemical composition determination. This experiment was done to determine whether the recycled steel quality met the industrial standards. All tests were conducted at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), providing data on the stress-strain relationship and toughness of recycled steel. The results indicated that recycled steel exhibited tensile characteristics below the standard strength range required by Eurocode. The changes in Young’s modulus of the steel were attributed to exposure to high temperatures, causing significant vibration within the steel atoms and increasing the distance between atoms, thereby reducing tensile strength. The influence of impurities may also be a factor affecting tensile strength. The tests also concluded that the recycled steel construction waste was a brittle material with an average V-notch toughness of 24J.
The influence of Silane Coupling Agent and porogen ratio on 3D scaffold PCL/HA Faqih, Mu'adz Abdullah; Purniawan, Agung; Rasyida, Amaliya; Susanti, Diah
SINERGI Vol 29, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/sinergi.2025.3.016

Abstract

The design of scaffold based on polycaprolactone (PCL) and hydroxyapatite (HA) has attracted attention as a solution for bone tissue regeneration. However, the main challenge in its development is the difficulty in achieving an optimal balance between porosity and mechanical strength. Suboptimal porosity limits the scaffold ability to support cell proliferation, and weak mechanical properties result in the scaffold being less than optimal as a load-bearing implant material during the bone cell regeneration process. This study aims to address these issues by evaluating the effects of the silane coupling agent 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) and the porogen ratio (NaCl) on the mechanical properties, morphology, and biodegradation of PCL-HA-based 3D scaffold. The scaffold were synthesized using the solvent casting/particulate leaching (SCPL) method with varying APTES concentrations (1%, 3%, and 5%) and porogen ratios. (4:1, 6:1, and 8:1). The results of characterization show that the addition of 1% APTES increases compressive strength by 283% and tensile strength by 138% compared to scaffold without APTES. A higher porogen ratio (8:1) results in the highest porosity of 78.16%, but reduces mechanical strength by 84%. The optimal combination was found in scaffold with 1% APTES and a porogen ratio of 4:1, which have optimal mechanical strength, porosity of 69.65%, and a biodegradation time of up to 380 days. This research offers a comprehensive solution to enhance the properties of PCL-HA based 3D scaffold, making a significant contribution to the development of materials for bone tissue engineering applications. 
Adaptive high-level control for robot-assisted rehabilitation: A Discrete Event System approach Shamsudin, Abu Ubaidah; Sidek, Shahrul Na'im; Haja Mohideen, Ahmad Jazlan; Mohd Kazim, Mohd Noor Fakhzan; Yahya, Mohd Faid; Salaan, Carl
SINERGI Vol 29, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/sinergi.2025.3.021

Abstract

This research introduces a two-degree-of-freedom rehabilitation robotic platform to enhance Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) for post-stroke upper limb rehabilitation. Unlike conventional CIMT, that depends on therapist intervention, the proposed system integrates a control framework balancing assistance and autonomy to improve patient engagement and recovery efficiency. The main contribution is a hybrid control architecture combining a low-level impedance controller with a high-level discrete event system (DES) controller. This dual-layer control enables real-time adaptation to a patient’s motor impairment stage, offering dynamic and personalized rehabilitation. The high-level controller, structured around the Chedoke-McMaster Assessment (CMA), facilitates intelligent transitions between rehabilitation states, ensuring robotic assistance matches recovery progress. The design emphasizes simplicity, portability, and user-friendliness, employing a lightweight, cable-driven mechanism that produces smooth and natural movements, closely replicating manual therapy. Experiments with healthy subjects simulating impaired conditions demonstrated the system’s ability to adjust assistance levels and movement velocities according to motor function stages. The results confirm the feasibility of an adaptive, patient-centric control framework that enhances motor engagement and supports progressive rehabilitation. Future work will focus on clinical validation with stroke patients, expanding movement directions, and long-term evaluation of therapeutic outcomes in real-world settings. Overall, this study offers a scalable, data-driven approach bridging robotic automation and therapist-guided rehabilitation, opening new possibilities for improving neuroplasticity and motor recovery after stroke.
Performance of Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) in reducing exhaust gas opacity in diesel engines Samudra, Agung; Rahmat, Muhammad Hudan; Murwantini, Sri; Suprayogi, Thathit
SINERGI Vol 29, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/sinergi.2025.3.012

Abstract

This research aims to determine the performance of the Diesel Particulate Filter (DPF) in reducing exhaust gas opacity, smoke temperature and noise levels on the 1997 Isuzu Panther. The DPF used in this research is made of copper and stainless steel with a metallic honeycomb model. This experimental study involved installing a DPF on a standard diesel vehicle exhaust system and measuring exhaust emissions, smoke temperature and noise levels. The measuring instrument used to test the opacity and temperature of the exhaust gas is a smoke opacity meter based on the SAE-J1667 test procedure (snap acceleration test procedure). Meanwhile, to test the noise level, a sound level meter based on ISO/FDIS 5130:2006 (E) standard was used. Tests were carried out under various conditions including standard exhaust testing (Non-DPF), standard exhaust with DPF (DPF), DPF with 50 gram stainless steel material (DPF + SS50), DPF with 100 gram stainless steel material (DPF + SS100), and DPF made of 150 gram stainless steel (DPF + SS150). The test results showed that DPF had a significant effect on reducing exhaust opacity, smoke temperature and noise level of the 1997 Isuzu Panther. The greatest reduction in exhaust opacity, smoke temperature and noise level were produced by DPF + 150 gram stainless steel with exhaust opacity that could be reduced by 87, 1 ± 1.1%, smoke temperature of 43.2 ± 1.7%, and noise level of 15.2 ± 1.3%. These findings open up opportunities for the development of DPF technology that is more efficient in reducing diesel vehicle emissions, contribute to stricter emissions regulations, and support filter design innovation to improve air quality and reduce the negative impact of vehicles on the environment. In addition, the results of this research show that the use of DPF is in accordance with the diesel vehicle emission threshold regulations set in Indonesia.
Optimization of material requirements to support the accuracy of delivery materials based on quantity of cubicost analysis results Fandini, Reina Maulidya; Putra, I Nyoman Dita Pahang; Trigunarsyah, Bambang
SINERGI Vol 29, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/sinergi.2025.3.017

Abstract

Construction projects heavily rely on labor, materials, and equipment to ensure timely completion, with materials being a significant cost component. This study addresses discrepancies between rebar inventory and material demand, which can disrupt production and delay project completion. This study aims to determine the rebar volume using Cubicost TRB and optimize the lowest requirement cost by applying the Silver-Meal and Wagner-Whitin algorithms. Detailed engineering data supports the application, ensuring rebar bends meet technical standards at beam, column, and slab intersections. Material planning incorporates project schedules, inventory records, and rebar volume data from Cubicost. This planning considered the minimization of ordering and storage costs. The results showed that the volume of rebar calculated using the Cubicost application was more accurate than the project's bill of quantity data. The use of the Cubicost application proved to be more advantageous, resulting in a 1% reduction compared to the project data. Then, the Silver Meal algorithm resulted in total costs that were 21% lower than those of the Wagner-Whitin method in minimizing overall inventory costs, particularly for high-demand rebar types such as D13 and D19. These findings highlight the importance of accurate inventory scheduling and selecting appropriate lot-sizing techniques to minimize costs and prevent delays. Future research can compare Cubicost TRB’s accuracy with other software and extend the Silver-Meal and Wagner-Whitin algorithms to other materials.
TE-LSTM: winding temperature prediction for induction motors in the oil and gas industry Supriyono, Joko; Mukhlash, Imam; Iqbal, Mohammad; Asfani, Dimas Anton
SINERGI Vol 29, No 3 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Mercu Buana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22441/sinergi.2025.3.022

Abstract

Induction motor winding failure repair takes longer compared to other failures, such as bearing failure. This research introduces a hybrid deep learning framework, TE-LSTM, to predict winding temperatures in induction motors used in oil and gas operations, aiming to address the challenges of accurately forecasting potential winding failures and enabling proactive maintenance strategies. The TE-LSTM model combines a transformer encoder-based architecture with long short-term memory to effectively model intricate temporal relationships and sensor dynamics within the dataset. The study utilized data collected from January 2016 to December 2024 at 1-minute intervals from induction motors equipped with stator winding temperature sensors, where the motors were designed with Class F insulation and had stage 1 and stage 2 alarms set at 257°F and 285°F, respectively. The findings highlight the efficiency and performance of the TE-LSTM model in predicting winding temperatures, which can significantly reduce unplanned downtime and associated costs, thereby optimizing maintenance operations and enhancing the reliability of the motor.

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