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Al-Ahkam

ahkam
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Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo Semarang

ISSN : 08544603 EISSN : 25023209 DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/ahkam.2022.32.1.8825

Core Subject : Religion, Social,

Religion Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice

Al-AHKAM; is a peer-reviewed journal published by the Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo, Semarang in collaboration with the Indonesian Consortium of Shariah Scholars (KSSI). Al-AHKAM focuses on Islamic law with various perspectives. This journal, serving as a forum for studying Islamic law within its local and global context, supports focused studies of a particular theme and interdisciplinary studies. AL-AHKAM has been indexed in DOAJ, Google Scholar, and the Indonesia Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education (SINTA 2 - SK No. 164/E/KPT/2021). AL-AHKAM has become a CrossRef Member since the year 2016. Therefore, all articles will have a unique DOI number.

Arjuna Subject : Umum - Umum

Articles 371 Documents

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Yūsuf Al-Qarḍāwī's Istinbāṭ Method and Its Implementation in the Moderation of Islamic Law Ainol Yaqin
Al-Ahkam Vol 31, No 1 (2021): April
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang

This paper described the formulation of Yūsuf al-Qarḍāwī's isntinbāṭ method towards moderate fiqh. The choice of this theme was based on the existence of two demeanours in religion, between permissive and inclusive. Two main questions in this research were, first, how did Yūsuf al-Qarḍāwī formulate the istinbāṭ method for moderate fiqh? Second, how is the implementation of this method in formulating Islamic law? This paper concluded two things through a literature study with the descriptive-analytic method. First, there were six formulations of the istinbāṭ method for the moderation of Islamic law. a. Examining the maqāṣid contained in the text before determining Islamic law, b. Linking texts and Islamic law with texts and other Islamic laws. c. Understanding texts in the frame of asbāb (al-nuzūl or al-wurūd), both micro and macro. d. Distinguishing between constant maqāṣids and changing instruments. e. Adjusting between al-thawābit and al-mutaghayyirāt. f. Observing the difference between worship and mu’āmalah in terms of wisdom, ‘illah and maqāṣid. Second, this method of istinbāṭ could produce fiqh with a flexible, elastic, dynamic, adaptive, and easy-to-practice.

REKONSTRUKSI IJTIHĀD DALAM ILMU UṢŪL AL-FIQH Rokhmadi Rokhmadi
Al-Ahkam Volume 22, Nomor 2, Oktober 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang

Al-Qur’an and Sunnah, needs of understanding and extracting optimally, so that the contents of law can be applied for the benefit of people. The way- to understand and to extract the contents in these two sources- called ijtihād. Thus, ijtihād is needed on istinbāṭ of law from many arguments of the texts (naṣ), eventhough it is qaṭ’ī in which the uṣūliyyūn have agreed that it is not the area for re-extracting to the law (ijtihādiyyah). The problem in this case is that even a qaṭ’ī argument according to the most of uṣūliyyūn has not been qaṭ’ī argument in the other uṣūliyyūn opinion. Reconstruction of ijtihād becomes an alternative, with some considerations: First, weight and tightening the requirements to become a mujtahid, which is almost impossible controlled by someone at the present time; Second, the increasing complexity of the problems faced by the ummat which is very urgent to get the solution; Third, let the period without ijtihād (vacuum of mujtahid) is contrary to the basic principles of Islamic law are always sāliḥ li kulli zamān wa makān. This paper present to discuss further about the urgency of the reconstruction of ijtihād in the challenge of modernity.***Al-Qur’an maupun sunnah sangat membutuhkan pemahaman dan penggalian secara optimal agar isi kandungan hukumnya dapat diterapkan bagi kemaslahatan umat. Cara untuk menggali dan mengeluarkan isi kandungan yang ada dalam kedua sumber tersebut dinamakan ijtihād. Ijtihād sangat dibutuhkan pada setiap istinbāṭ hukum dari dalil naṣ, sekalipun dalil naṣ tersebut bersifat qaṭ'ī yang oleh para uṣūliyyūn sudah disepakati tidak menjadi wilayah untuk dijitihadi lagi. Permasalahannya adalah bahwa sesuatu dalil naṣ yang sudah bersifat qaṭ'ī sekalipun oleh sebagian besar uṣūliyyūn, belum tentu dipandang qaṭ'ī oleh sebagian uṣūliyyūn yang lain. Rekonstruksi ijtihād menjadi sebuah alternatif, dengan beberapa pertimbangan: Pertama, berat dan ketatnya persyaratan-persyaratan menjadi seorang mujtahid, yang hampir tidak mungkin dikuasai oleh seseorang pada masa sekarang; Kedua, semakin kompleksnya permasalahan yang dihadapi oleh ummat yang sangat mendesak untuk mendapatkan solusi; Ketiga, membiarkan satu periode tanpa ijtihād (kevakuman mujtahid) adalah bertentangan dengan prinsip dasar hukum Islam yang selalu sāliḥ li kulli zamān wa makān. Tulisan ini hadir untuk mendiskusikan lebih jauh tentang urgensi rekonstruksi ijtihād dalam menghadapi tantangan modernitas.***Keywords: ijtihād, qaṭ'ī, ẓannī, uṣūl al-fiqh

PROBLEMATIKA DAN PROSPEK WAKAF PRODUKTIF DI INDONESIA Firman Muntaqo
Al-Ahkam Volume 25, Nomor 1, April 2015
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang

This paper aims to describe and analyze the problems and prospects of endowments (perwakafan) in Indonesia, mainly related to the enactment of Law No. 40 of 2004 on Waqf. An analysis of the problems focused on management of waqf properties by waqf institutions that are still traditional and far from productive orientation. The problems on waqf management are triggered by several things, such as: Lack of socialization on fiqh waqf and regulations about waqf from the state; not seriusly management of waqf, the issue of nadzir commitment, weak institutional monitoring system, and problems of funding. The enactment of the Law of Waqf believed to be the initial breakthrough has strategic and significant meaning in order to strengthen the better prospects of waqf institutions in Indonesia for tomorrow. It was at least found on some of the indicators in the Law of Waqf, namely: progressive thinking about productive waqf (cash waqf), institutional strengthening on waqf, structuring the management of waqf administration, and law enforcement of waqf

From Qitāl to Difā’: The Meaning and Behavior of Jihad according to Jihadists in Semarang City Anthin Lathifah
Al-Ahkam Volume 28, Nomor 1, April 2018
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang

This paper describes the meaning and act of religion-based jihad according to some jihadists in Semarang city. Insisting that the real meaning of Jihad is qitāl (war, to fight) as said by the verse “La hukma Illa lillah” and hadith “faqtulū haythu wajadtumūhum” they, however, still propose another jihad called difā’ (defensive, to survive) for people who cannot meet the requirement of qitāl. The different act of jihad emerges because of its different factors behind such as social, economy, politics, psychology and others. The shift from qitāl to difā’ takes place by the process of humanizing the jihadists using: 1) personal approach by their morally closest men; 2) basic need approach such as economy, existency and peace; 3) religious approach by understanding that what they do is to fully adhere to Islam (kaffah); 4) emotional approach by caring and giving them empathy; 5) social approach by building solidarity to help their comrades.[]Artikel ini mendeskripsikan makna dan perilaku jihad dari para pelaku jihad berbasis agama di Kota Semarang. Makna jihad yang sebenarnya bagi mereka adalah qitāl sebagaimana ayat “la hukma illa lillah” dan hadits “faqtulū haythu wajadtumūhum”, namun jihad difā’ dapat dilakukan bagi yang tidak memenuhi syarat jihad qitāl. Perbedaan perilaku jihad terjadi karena perbedaan faktor yang melingkupinya, yakni faktor sosial, ekonomi, politik, psikologi dan lainnya. Perubahan perilaku jihad (qitāl) menjadi difā’ terjadi karena proses memanusiakan manusia yang dilakukan dengan: 1) pendekatan personil yang dilakukan oleh orang yang dekat secara moril; 2) pendekatan berbasis kebutuhan primer mereka baik ekonomi, eksistensi ataupun rasa aman; 3) pendekatan agama dilakukan dengan memahami apa yang mereka lakukan adalah dalam rangka melakukan Islam secara kaffah; 4) pendekatan emosional dengan memberi perhatian atau empati; 5) pendekatan sosial dengan membangun solidaritas untuk membantu teman-teman seperjuangannya.

Transforming Islamic Law in Indonesia from a Legal Political Perspective Ahmad Yani; Megawati Barthos
Al-Ahkam Vol 30, No 2 (2020): October
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang

This article aims to discuss the transformation of Islamic law in Indonesia. This research is qualitative in the form of a literature study with a political-law approach. The idea of this paper is based on a misunderstanding of Islamic law and Islamic law and fiqh. Issues related to the debate on the application of Islamic law in the contemporary era also contribute to thoughts in this paper. This paper concludes that the transformation of Islamic law into national law is a difficult task. This is because Indonesia is a multi-cultural, multi-ethnic, and multi-religious country. The most important reason is due to the variety of Muslim understanding of religious texts

KANUNISASI FIKIH JINAYAT KONTEMPORER Studi Materi Muatan Qānūn Jināyat Aceh dan Brunei Darussalam Samsudin Aziz
Al-Ahkam Volume 24, Nomor 2, Oktober 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang

This article will view specifically codification of Islamic Criminal Law in `Muslim community, such as Brunei Darussalam, a country based on Islamic principles, and Aceh is a part of Indonesian territory administratively, granted special autonomy to implement Islamic Sharia. Despite having different qualities, -as a country and a province- both have in common as a political power which apply Islamic Criminal Law. Refer to both qānūn jināyat in Brunei and Aceh, the author’ll explain the substance of the criminal law in both area, while also reinforces the implementation of Islamic Criminal Law in the framework of a modern state. The article concludes that basically the application of Islamic Sharia, particularly the Islamic Criminal Law, is closely related to the situation and socio-political conditions of a community or country. The differences of political system, for example, has contributed to the difference in the output of product or policy made by a particular country or territory. On the other hand, Brunei and the Aceh case show that there has been adjustment Islamic Criminal Law specifically set forth in the books of fiqh (as illustration of the Qur'an and Sunnah) with the needs of the community itself

KONTRIBUSI METODE MAṢLAḤAH MURSALAH IMAM MALIK TERHADAP PENGEMBANGAN HUKUM EKONOMI SYARI’AH KONTEMPORER Nur Asiyah; Abdul Ghofur
Al-Ahkam Volume 27, Nomor 1, April 2017
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang

This paper discusses the contribution of maṣlaḥah mursalah Imam Maliki to the development of sharia economic law. Maṣlaḥah mursalah is one of the methods of determining Islamic law initiated by Imam Malik. Based on the author's search, there are at least two conclusions about the contribution of the maṣlaḥah mursalah Imam Malik method to the development of Shariah economic law. First, maṣlaḥah mursalah as one of the approach model in ijtihād becomes very vital in the development of sharia economic law and siyāsah iqtiṣādiyyah (economic policy). Because the new problems in the emerging economics in this global world continue to grow, which textually found no proposition in the Qur'an and al-Sunnah. Secondly, the need for fatwas, especially in the fatwa of DSN-MUI, which is based on maṣlaḥah mursalah (kemaslahatan) becomes very urgent. The demands of the times have required the Muslim jurists to see the complexity of the contemporary problem and choose a more convenient (taysir) and avoiding difficulties (al-ḥaraj); And the emergence of new cases requires the existence of ijtihād by considering this maṣlaḥah mursalah aspect.[]Tulisan ini membahas tentang kontribusi maṣlaḥah mursalah Imam Maliki bagi pengembangan hukum ekonomi syari’ah. Maṣlaḥah mursalah merupakan salah satu metode penetapan hukum Islam yang digagas oleh Imam Malik. Berdasarkan penelusuran penulis, setidaknya ada dua kesimpulan mengenai konstribusi metode maṣlaḥah mursalah Imam Malik terhadap pengembangan hukum ekonomi Syari’ah. Pertama, maṣlaḥah mursalah sebagai salah satu model pendekatan dalam ijtihād menjadi sangat vital dalam pengembangan hukum ekonomi syari’ah dan siyāsah iqtiṣādiyiyah (kebijakan ekonomi). Sebab persoalan baru di bidang ekonomi yang muncul dalam dunia global ini terus berkembang, yang secara tekstual tidak ditemukan dalilnya di dalam al-Qur’an dan al-Sunnah. Kedua, kebutuhan fatwa, terutama dalam fatwa DSN-MUI, yang didasarkan atas maṣlaḥah mursalah (kemaslahatan ) ini menjadi sangat urgen. Tuntutan perkembangan zaman mengharuskan para ahli hukum Islam melihat kompleksitas masalah kontemporer dan memilih pandangan yang lebih memudahkan (taysir) dan menghindari kesulitan (al-ḥaraj); dan munculnya kasus-kasus baru mengharuskan adanya ijtihād mempertimbangkan aspek maṣlaḥah mursalah ini.

Astronomy and Local Culture Dialectics; Kiai Ṣāliḥ Darat's Idea in the Integration of the Hijriyah Calendar Muhamad Zainal Mawahib; Maskur Rosyid; Muhammad Syarif Hidayat
Al-Ahkam Vol 29, No 2 (2019): October
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang

This paper aims to trace the genealogy of the Kiai Ṣāliḥ Darat in the field of falak sciences and the approach he used in uniting the differences in the initial determination of Ramadan in Semarang. This study is important, considering Kiai Ṣāliḥ Darat is more an expert in the field of Sufism. On the other hand, Kiai Ṣāliḥ Darat was also positioned as an early generation Falak Indonesian expert (salaf). This paper includes a historical study that conducts critical analysis of data that has been isolated from various literatures. The results of the study showed that the expertise of Kiai Ṣāliḥ Darat in the field of falak knowledge was obtained when conducting scientific jouney for Semarang scholars to al-Haramayn scholars. Kiai Ṣāliḥ Darat initiated a deliberation to determine the beginning of the month of Ramadan. This discussion involved ulama, astronomer, habaib and umara in Kauman Mosque in Semarang. The idea of deliberation is aimed at eliminating differences in society in determining the beginning of fasting. The idea of the initial unification of Ramadlan through deliberation was the substance of the Dugderan Tradition in Semarang, Central Java

DINAMIKA HUKUM DAN HAK ASASI MANUSIA DI NEGARA-NEGARA MUSLIM Muhammad Hafiz
Al-Ahkam Volume 23, Nomor 2, Oktober, 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang

Muslim countries often stuck in a dilemmatic situation between be exclusively with retaining the Islamic principles of human rights through Islamic law or follow the principles of human rights which is regulated internationally through Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). The existence of Independent Permanent Commission of Human Rights (IPHRC) as one of the core institutions of organization of the Islamic Cooperation (OIC) intended to be a mediator for the occurrence of constructive dialogue between human rights discourse on one side with Islamic law on the other side. This is the way to reduce dichotomous view that impact on gaps and conflict. The equivalent dialogue continuously between two entities, Islamic law and human rights must always be attempts to open opportunities in more widely shared understanding and in turn will facilitate the achievement of progress and the protection of human rights in Muslim countries. This dialogue also important to remove the negative stigma against Islamic law that is often accused of violating human rights. and also to open space of interpretation to Islamic law that relevance with contemporary life.

LGBT DI INDONESIA : Perspektif Hukum Islam, HAM, Psikologi dan Pendekatan Maṣlaḥah Rustam DKA Harahap
Al-Ahkam Volume 26, Nomor 2, Oktober 2016
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Walisongo Semarang

This study aims to discuss LGBT phenomenon in Indonesia in Islamic law, human rights (HAM), and psychological prespectives. In general, this controversy can be classified into three perspectives, First, religious classification that represented by religious prominent figures and religious organizations particularly Islam, the second, both activists and human rights activists, and the third, psychologist profession. According to the psychological perspective, LGBT is a disease that has a possibility to be cured. According to Islamic law and human rights, LBGT groups must be protected in the form of health insurance by helping and treating them from the disease to be normal. But, the LGBT community activities that contradict with religious norms and interfere the other human rights, then according to the Islamic law and human rights perspectives, such activities should be banned, even they can be subjected to sanctions.

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Waldi Nopriansyah

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Faculty of Sharia and Law Jl. Prof. Hamka Kampus III Ngaliyan Semarang Jawa Tengah Indonesia Postalcode: 50185

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Jawa tengah

INDONESIA

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Home Page

OAI Link

Editorial Team

Contact

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Contact Name Waldi Nopriansyah

Contact Email waldi@stebisigm.ac.id

Phone +6287735155355

Journal Mail Official alahkam@walisongo.ac.id

Editorial Address Faculty of Sharia and Law Jl. Prof. Hamka Kampus III Ngaliyan Semarang Jawa Tengah Indonesia Postalcode: 50185

Location Kota semarang, Jawa tengah INDONESIA

Abstract

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Abstract

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Abstract

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Abstract

Contact Name
Waldi Nopriansyah

Contact Email
waldi@stebisigm.ac.id

Phone
+6287735155355

Journal Mail Official
alahkam@walisongo.ac.id

Editorial Address
Faculty of Sharia and Law Jl. Prof. Hamka Kampus III Ngaliyan Semarang Jawa Tengah Indonesia Postalcode: 50185

Location
Kota semarang,

Jawa tengah

INDONESIA