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Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : 0126012X     EISSN : 2338557X     DOI : 10.14421
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities,
Religion Humanities
Al-Jamiah invites scholars, researchers, and students to contribute the result of their studies and researches in the areas related to Islam, Muslim society, and other religions which covers textual and fieldwork investigation with various perspectives of law, philosophy, mysticism, history, art, theology, sociology, anthropology, political science and others.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Studi Agama
Articles 1,224 Documents
 79   80   81   82   83 
Antara Filsafat Dan Kalam Sebuah Kesalahfahaman Paradigmatik Shofiyullah Mz
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies No 61 (1998)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.1998.3661.27-44

Abstract

The emerging phenomenon of religiosity force us to make a reevaluation without neglecting our keen analysis. Recent religious discourse tends more on the repetition of some old discourses using “new Clothes” and gives only little constructive-subtantive information. It is understandable, therefore, that the jargons of “majority-minority” “minna-minhum”, “you-we” “right-wrong”, are still widely believed as the manifestation of the level of someone’s adherence to their religions. This condition seems to be valid for all religions, including Islam. In Islam, kalam and philosophy are the two important sources which have great access especially in constructing the mode of thought embodied in the daily activities of the ummah. The emergence of some sects in Islam including shī’ah, Mu’tazilah, Jabariah and Sunni as well as the easy judgment given each other by, and for, the philosopher and the ologians as the unbelives clearly show how was the political conflict of that time. This interest was then neatly covered by the “religious robe” which, in trun, leaved an unpleasant attitude for the next generations. Thus, the research on Islamic becomes closed and is no longer opened. It would be more ironic when one realizes that historical interpretations of the Qur’an and the Hadith are believed as the facts themselves which are free from mistakes. In responds to this phenomenon, there emerges a new critical thought which tries to be neutral in understanding some aspects of these products of thought. The type of the relationship between the doctrinal, theological, historical-empirical and critical -philosophical. This alternative is, so far, considered as the most appropriate one although it does not escape some problems. To mention but few are the apriori attitude and the intellectual arrogance which might blur the problems. This article is aimed as another alternative to deal with the Problems.
Metode Penelitiaan Berspektif Jender Tentang Literatur Islam Nasaruddin Umar
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies No 64 (1999)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.1999.3764.176-202

Abstract

This article explains about how to conduct research on Islamic literature in the perspective of gender. Gender bias in reading understanding Qur'an and Hadis is due to several reasons. Firstly, the codification of Qur'an in a single way of reading prevents the other version of understanding which has no gender bias. Secondly, the meaning of certain words (mufradād) are often debatable. Thirdly, the reference of pronoun (Domir) is often not certain. Fourthly, the limit of exception (Mustasna) is often debatable. Moreover, the reference world ('Atf) wau has several meanings. Sixthly, the structure of Arabic language is based on Arabic patriarchal culture. Furthermore, the bias also come from Arabic dictionaries which only provide meaning that have gender bias. Eighthly, some methods of exegetes produce the understanding of the text which has gender bias. In addition, the influence of Israeli stories (isrā’ilyyāt) in understanding Qur'anic verses cause also gender bias. Finally, the contributes of Fiqh Books which are influenced by local cultures contributes to this gender bias.
Al-Qawā’id Al-Fiqhiyyah dalam Persepektif Hukum Islam Said Aqil. H Al-Munawwar
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies No 62 (1998)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.1998.3662.95-114

Abstract

As can be seen from the title, this article is trying to disclose al-qawā'id al-fiqhiyyah (legal maxims) as a means to ease the process of legal finding in Islamic law. By using both linguistic and legal approaches, Muslim jurists, at the outset were trying to build certain legal thinking framework which can be used as a basis for creating law for new cases whose solution cannot be found directly in the primary sources of Islamic law. It is here that those legal foundations then being developed as legal maxims used commonly by all disciples of each school of law. Although the Sunnī jurists are not unanimous concerning the role of qawā'id al-fiqhiyyah as a source of law, they all seem to realize the importance of the maxim in giving the solution toward many new legal problems arose in everyday life. Thus, we see that all four schools of Islamic law accepted the legal maxims as an argument in the process of law-making, especially in the new cases left unanswered by Qur'ān and Sunnah.
Dirāsa al-Qur’ān bi Ṭarīqa Satīlistīkiyya Syihabuddin Q
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies No 63 (1999)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2022.3763.167-185

Abstract

Many people admire and interested in the Qur'ān, but they don't know the reason. According to the author, there is an internal factor that make people interested in the Qur'ān not mainly based on the dogmatic reason. The present paper discusses the so called "internal factor" which is stylistic or uṣlūb (Arabic). This approach is quite different from balāghah and literary criticism. Stylistics discusses the characteristics of language without any judgement. In this context, the stylistical approach to the Qur'ān is to analyse the characteristics of language used by the Qur'ān. [Banyak orang kagum dan tertarik dengan al-Qur'an tanpa dapat menerangkan mengapa demikian. Sebenarnya ada faktor internal dalam al-Qur'an itu sendiri yang menyebabkan orang kagum dan tertarik dengan al-Qur'an, bukan hanya karena dogma teologis. 'Tulisan ini menganalisis aspek internal tersebut dengan metode stilistika yang dalam literatur Arab disebut uṣlūb,mencakup pembahasan tentang fonologi, preferensi penggunaan lafal dan kalimat, juga deviasi yakni penyimpangan dari kaidah-kaidah yang konvensional. Berbeda dengan balagah dan kritik sastra, stilistika membahas karakteristik kebahasaan dari suatu karya tanpa ada unsur penilaian atau "penghakiman". Balagah menilai kesesuaian suatu karya dengan kaidah-kaidahnya yang sudah baku, sedangkan kritik sastra "menghakimi" dan mengungkapkan kembali suatu karya. Dengan demikian, menganalisis al-Qur'an dengan metode stilistika adalah menganalisis karakteristik kebahasaannya.
Sunnism and ‘Orthodox” In the Eyes of Modern Scholars Abdurrahman Mas’ud
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies No 61 (1998)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.1998.3661.106-118

Abstract

Sesuai   dengan    judulnya, tulisan   ini membahas secara histoniografis   penyebutan   label "ortodoks'' untuk   menamai kelompok tertetu dalam wacana   keislaman.  Kaum orientalis sejak abad kedelapan belas telah   secara rutin menggunakan istilah ortodoks ini untuk menyebut kelompok Sunni, sebagai   lawan   dari kelompok Syi’ah maupun Khawarij yang mereka scbut scbagai   "heteredoks''. Label   "ortodoks''   tersebut melekat kepada   kelompok Sunni   utamanya   karena   perolehan dukungan politik khalifah Ummayah   maupun Abbasiyah sementara istilah "heredoks" teraplikasikan   kepada kelompok-kelompok   sempalan politik yang berseberangan   dcngan kekuatan   mayoritas, seperti   kelompok Khawarij dan Syi'ah.   Makalah ini lebih jauh lagi bcrusaha untuk mcnapaki penggunaan istilah ini olch para oricntalis sejak dari masa pra-modem.seperti Edward Gibbon  (1772-1794),   hingga    mas a modem  yaitu Ignaz Goldziher (1850-1921),   Duncan  MacDonald   (1863-1943).   D.S.   Margoliuth (1858-1940), Philip K.Hitti   (lahir   1886),  dan   H.A.R.Gibb  ( 1859-1940). Terlepas dari benar atau tidaknya   penyebutan   ini, istilah ortodoks untuk kaum Sunni Islam tersebut   memang berangkat dari proposisi yang beragam dari para orientalis, di samping latar belakang sosio-politik dan kultur mereka yang herlainan pula.  Namun begitu, pelabelan ini tampaknya memang mengandung problem. Para orientalis modern seperti Marshall G.S. Hodgson (w. 1960) dan Montgomery Watt (1.1905) dapat disebut sebagai kelompok revisionis dalam hal   ini.   Walaupun pemikiran Goldziher dalam hal ini masih mendominasi sebagian besar pemikir orientalis, namun kritik yang di,lontarkan oleh  Hodgson maupun Watt  membuka jalan untuk pemikiran ulang dalam penggunaan istilah  ini.  Bagi penulis, istilah-istilah seperti "ortodoks” maupun "heresy” sesungguhnya   tidak   dapat   dilepaskan dari fenomena sekularitas yang melanda   wacana keagamaan.   Oleh karenanya penggunaan istilah ini  tidak boleh  dilepaskan   dari   konteksnya,   dan pelabelan yang   semena-mena  terhadap   kelompok  Sunni  sebagai   ortodoks  justru akan mengaburkan penggambaran  sejarah  Islam  itu sendiri.
Reorientasi Kajian Ushul Fiqh Akh. Minhaji
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies No 63 (1999)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2022.3763.12-28

Abstract

Basically, uṣūl al-fiqh is understood as a methodology to understand Islamic teaching, not only tools to understand Islamic Law as it is perceived by common people. Uṣūl al-fiqh grows and develops throughout Islamic history. It has significant position since its inception. It has been produced many scholars who later formulate formulas that exist even today. Eventhough the science of uṣūl al-fiqh plays an important role in Islamic studies, but not all of Muslim scholars pay full attention to it. Even, there is a critical notion that the science of uṣūl al-fiqh is no longer compatible to solve the problems of Islamic community. Based on this frame of thought, the present author tries to investigate the historical aspect of uṣūl al-fiqh and seek the cause of its stagnancy. The author finds that there are two kinds of approaches recognized in uṣūl al-fiqh: doctrinal normative-deductive and empirical-historical-inductive. These two approaches cannot be separated. However, in the practical level, certain scholars usually apply one approach and disregard another. As a result, their product tend to be more idealistic than touching to the real problem. Finally, the author suggests to combine both methods with respect to other disciplines, particularly social sciences and their methodology. 
The Rise of Muslim Elite Schools: A New Pattern of “Santrinization” Azyumardi Azra
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies No 64 (1999)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.1999.3764.63-78

Abstract

Makalah ini menyoroti gejala baru kemunculan sekolah lslam unggulan baik yang berbentuk madrasah, sekolah umum maupun pesantren sebagai kecenderungan baru "santrinisasi’ masyarakat lndonesia. Di antara sekolah tersebut adalah sekolah Islam Azhar yang dibangun oleh prof. Hamka dan Sekolah Islam Azhar yang merupakan pecahan dari sekotah pertama, SMU Madania yang dikelola oleh para aktivis yayasan paramadina, dan SMU lnsan Gendekia yang dibangun oleh para ilmuwan dari Badan pengembangan dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT). Di samping sekolah umum, sejumlah madrasah juga mengembangkan sekolah unggulan. Di antaranya adalah Madrasah pembangunan tingkat lbtidaiyah Negeri (MIN) I Malang, Jawa Tirnur yang semula merupakan "sekolah pelatihan swasta bagi para siswa Pendidikan Guru Agama ditingkatkan menjadi madrasah unggulan. Kementerian Agama juga akan membangun 57 model Madrasah Tsanawiyah dan 35 model Madrsah Aliyah.di berbagai propinsi di Indonesia. Kemuculan sekolah unggulan ini ikut meningkatkan “santrinisasi” masyarakat Indonesia. Karena mahalnya biaya pendidikan, kebanyakan siswa berasal dari keluarga "kelas menengah.". Mereka akan membawa pengetahuan dan kesadaran keislarnan ke rumah yang pada gilirannya dalam banyak kasus mendorong orang tua murid untuk meningkatkan pengetahuaan dan aktivitas keislaman mereka.
Cultural Acculturation of Javanese Islam: A Critical Study of the Slametan Ritual Masdar Hilmy
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies No 62 (1998)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.1998.3662.14-32

Abstract

Upacara slametan merupakan topik perdebatan klasik di kalangan kaum muslimin. Masalah pokoknya terletak pada pertanyaan apakah praktek slametan itu islami atau tidak. Meskipun perdebatan mengenai slametan ini sempat terhenti, tetapi ia masih mendatangkan problem teologi yang bersifat inklusif. Di kalangan para sarjana asing, sebagaimana dibahas dalam tulisan ini, slametan mampu menarik perhatian dan mengundang penelitian yang menimbulkan kontroversi lebih jauh. Setidak-tidaknya, kontroversi itu sendiri berasal dari tiga faktor pokok yang terkait. Pertama, faktor perbedaan dasar teoritik yang dipakai oleh para ilmuwan dalam pengamatan mereka. Sebaliknya perbedaan dasar teoritik itu sendiri membawa pada faktor yang wajar, yaitu perspektif satu sisi; dan faktor terakhir adalah konteks historis dimana dan kapan penelitian dilakukan. Tulisan ini dimaksudkan untuk menjadi “Jembatan akademik" antara posisi-posisi tersebut. Dalam membicarakan pokok permasalahan, analisis campuran, perspektif antropologi dan teologi akan ditawarkan. Paduan antara kedua analisis itu dimaksudkan agar ada keseimbangan dalam melakukan analisis. Persoalan apakah secara teologis slametan itu sendiri segaris dengan ajaran Islam, bukanlah merupakan perhatian tulisan ini. Tetapi tulisan ini memiliki dua tujuan: pertama melakukan analisis singkat dua teori mayor tentang slametan dari Geertz dan Woodward. Kedua, memaparkan unsur-unsur slametan mana yang berasal dari Islam dan mana yang lebih dipengaruhi oleh budaya Jawa lokal.
Al-‘Alāqah al-Mutabādilah Baina al-Īmān wa al-Jihād fī Sabīllilah Muhammad Hirzin
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies No 61 (1998)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.1998.3661.199-226

Abstract

The word “jihad' has been understood wrongly by some orientalists as a holly war.   Amongst non-muslim societies this meaning is very influential that leads to a misperception that “jihad" is identical with a group of muslims who are, with their weapons, ready to demolish those who do not support Islam.  lronically, this misperception is also common to some   groups of muslims and has   caused   to   religious   fanatism and swept away the teaching of tollerance to other religions. As for "jihad” is one of Islamic teaching, so to perform this teaching needs the true   understanding of it.   Before performing any Islamic teaching, someone mush have "iman" or faith, this is due to the fact that Islam which means obedience is a result of "iman".  Generally, “iman" means believe in God   and   accept   all His   teachings. "Iman” is a power within a man because it can not be compelled to someone.  It is accepted after understanding its rational evidences.  For muslims, it can be a bridge that relates them to their God, and with it they can liberate themselves from material desires. Linguistically, the word “jihad" has some meaning of all efforts to reach something.  In Islamic context this word is often followed by the word “fi sabilillah"   which    means   in   the path of Allah. This means that "jihad” must be done in seeking God's favor. Consequently, a war can be called “jihad fi sabilillah"   if it is done in the purpose of keeping Islamic faith and its honor.  In the Qur’an, this word has no meaning except goodness for all and public   welfare.   In other word, “jihad fi sabilillah" has a broad meaning as all kinds of efforts carried out for the purpose of public benefit. This paper tries to   correct   some   misperception of the   word jihad” that is   identical with holly war.  The paper also relates   "jihad'   to “iman" as it is a starting point of every deed.
Feminisme Dalam Pemikiran Riffat Hassan Abdul Mustaqim
Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies No 63 (1999)
Publisher : Al-Jami'ah Research Centre

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajis.2022.3763.93-110

Abstract

This paper discusses analytically Riffat Hassan's thoughts concerning gender issues. Hassan's ideas on the women creation, the gender equality, and the systems of polygamy and purdah are the main subjects studied therein. Mustaqim tries to find out not only what Hassan views the subjects, but also why she differs in those issues from the majority of Islamic scholars. Using a literary analysis and a historical approach, he concludes that she reinterprets several Qur'anic and hadith texts mentioning the above matters in a way differs from that of conservative 'ulamā’ in order to support feminist propaganda, and that in doing so. Riffat is very influenced by her historical settings.

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