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Articles 200 Documents

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Radiation Effects on Decreased Estrogen with Isoflavone Consumption to Prevent Early Menopause in Radiation Therapy Yeni Cahyati; Didik Rahadi Santoso; Unggul P Juswono
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

Radiation effect is one of which is the reduction in estrogen. Gamma rays are ionizing radiation that can lead to cell damage due to free radicals produced when the radiation interacts with cells. The level of cell damage can be minimized by antioxidants. Antioxidants used is the isoflavones of soy milk, so it can be know the effects of radiation on the decline in estrogen that accompanied the consumption of isoflavones to prevent early menopause in radiation therapy.Radiation exposure are given fractionally. The dose was 1,5 Gy in once exposure and given every 3 days up to a maximum dose of the treatment groups. Consumption of soy milk to the mice done orally. Blood was drawn and serum was made. Serum estrogen levels will be tested by using ELISA.The results showed that the ovarium disfunction and stress experienced by mice (Mus musculus) caused by radiation exposure. Maximum results in the consumption of isoflavones on estrogen levels the subject to radiation exposure is 44 mg/day and 131 mg/day of soy milk. This isoflavone dose increase in estrogen levels maximumly. The increase was the response given by the body's immune system of mice due to start reacting and isoflavones are phytoestrogens.

Biodegradable Plastics Functional Groups Methyl Acrylate and Pati Garut Relationship Against Mechanical Properties S J Iswarin; Lailatin Nuriyah; A I Sriwilujeng
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

In order to addressing the problem of plastic waste accumulating, we made biodegradable plastic from starch with methyl acrylate as initiator. The biodegradable plastics are made by grafting method on a variety of arrowroot starch composition and methyl acrylate. Variations in the composition of arrowroot starch and methyl acrylate used was 30:70; 35:65; 40:60; 45:55; and 50:50.Results of the mechanical tests e.g. tensile strength and percent elongation on plastics, show that the best value is obtained on the composition of 30:70. It reaches of (14.8 ± 2.8) MPa in tensile strength, and (5.33 ± 0.08) % in elongation percent. This value is in accordance with the results of FTIR analysis. In here, the value of tensile strength is consistence with the value of absorbance of methyl acrylate, which indicates the concentration of functional groups C-C or the number of functional groups that formed. The greater of the concentration will be the greater of the tensile strength, while the percent elongation values are influenced by the number of functional groups C-O-C formed by arrow root starch.

Thermal Neutron Flux Measurements at Room Treatment LINAC iX 15 MV Risalatul Latifah; Johan A E Noor; Bunawas Bunawas
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

Linac is operated at above 10 MV will generate secondary radiation in the form of neutron emission from the reaction of the high photon energy linac striking the material components of linac such us targets, collimators and filters. Secondary radiation will increase the probability of the secondary cancer risk in patients due to increasing the dose of radiation received. This study evaluated the thermal neutron flux at the indoor spatial operated 15 MV linac using foil activation method. A total of 14 Indium-115 foil placed in the treatment room were exposed to 15 MV linac plane for 1 minute. Results showed the highest flux are around isocenter . With the flux value of additional dose due to the neutron flux at Sv/menit. FLux decreases as distance function. Related to radiation protection efforts for radiation workers, the contribution coming from the neutron dose necessary acted upon by adding shielding on the door.

Triterpenoid Fraction Antimalarial Activity Test from Methanol Extract Made by Leaf Artocarpus camansi Against Plasmodium Berghei by In Vivo Ramadhani Sucilestari; Dwi Soelistya D J; Imam Bachtiar
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

Malaria disease is still a serious health problem in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the antimalarial activity of triterpenoid compound fraction of A. camansi leaf methanol extract to P. berghei of in vivo. This experiment of using research a completely randomize design (CRD) with four different doses (0.1 mg/kg BW, 1 mg/kg BW, 10 mg/kg BW, 100 mg/kg BW) and one negative control group (1 % CMC). The results show that triterpenoid compound fraction of A. camansi leaf methanol extract was effective to reduce parasite activity of P. berghei. The most effective dose was 100 mg/kg BW for three days with daily treatment after the mice was infected by parasite.

Effect of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Calcium Oxalate Calibration Density of Porang Bulb (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) Bina Rizki Amalia; Nunung Harijati; Retno Mastuti
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

The aim of this research was to know the effects of nitrogen fertilizer to the shape and density of calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystals in porang tuber. Bulbil derived from porang plant in the first growth period seeded until the leaves fully open. Seedlings were transferred to a polybag after most of them has height 50 cm. After adapting for three weeks, the plants were treated with nitrogen fertilizer (urea) with a dose 0, 1, and 5 g/polybag. The plants were grown until the end of the growing period. The slides were prepared by slicing tuber as thin as possible using a sliding microtome. Sliced tuber of porang were cleared by using the modified clearing method. The slides were observed using light microscope to calculate the density of CaOx crystals. The densities of calcium oxalate crystals were analyzed using ANOVA (α = 0,05). The results showed that porang tuber has four kind of crystals i.e. raphide, druse, stiloid, and prism. Nitrogen fertilization had no significant effect on the densities of calcium oxalate crystals.

Estimation of 2½ Dimensional Surface Structure in Kelud Volcano Region Based on Gravity Survey M. Rahman; Sunaryo Sunaryo; Adi Susilo
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

The research in the area around Kelud Volcano based on gravity survey has been conducted in order to determine subsurface structure and constituent composition. The research was done in July 2012 - May 2013 in the area around Kelud Volcano covered Blitar, Kediri, Wlingi, and Ngantang. In this research, the equipment that been used is gravity-meter Lacoste & Romberg type G-105. Analysis of data from field measurements performed with the followed step: calculated the correction of Bouguer anomaly, projected to the flat plane and separated regional anomaly and residual anomaly with polynomial fitting method. Interpretation was performed on three cross sections: section AB, CD, and EF. For results of cross-section AB, the values of ρ for andesite, lava, basalt and sandstone are 2.61 gr/cm3, 3.1 gr/cm3, 2.99 gr/cm3 and 1.61 gr/cm 3respectively. For cross-section CD, the values of ρ for andesite and sediment are 2.5 gr/cm3and 2.38 gr/cm3. For cross-section EF, the values of ρ for basalt, sandstone, and sediment are 2.85 gr/cm3, 1.6 gr/cm3, and 2.4 gr/cm3. From the results of models shows that basalt and andesite rocks is dominant in the region of Kelud Volcano.

Prediction of Structure Pouch Magma Volcano Kelud Gravity Data Based Method Using Equivalent Point Mass Sandy Vikki Ariyanto; Sunaryo Sunaryo; Adi Susilo
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

The observation has been done by gravity method on the date of 1 July to 12 August 2012 in the Kelud volcano area, Pare, Kediri, Blitar and Ngantang in order to determine the structure of magma pocket. Data analisis from field measurements performed with the following correcting the data includes: convert to mgal, drift correction, tidal correction, latitude correction and topography correction, then obtained a complete Bouguer anomaly values. Subsequently projected onto a flat surface (Damnpey) by using matlab program and resolve regional anomalies with anomaly residual. Qualitative interpretation is done by reading the complete Bouguer anomaly contour pattern, while the quantitative interpretation is done by creating a 2D cross section on the four A-A’, B-B’, C-C’, and D-D’ lines.Based on projection to the flat surface (Dampney) with equivalent field depth of 3500 and equivalent field height of 200 obtained convergent anomaly contour so that anomaly values become stable, based on quantitative interpretation 2D cross section model of A-A’, B-B’, C-C’ and D-D’ lines and describing structure of magma pocket. Slice anomali density contrast of A-A’ at -2,930 gr/cm3 assumed as magma chamber with 900 meter dept while B-B’ slice at -2,910 gr/cm3assumed as magma chamber with 943 meters dept, C-C’ slice at -2,930 gr/cm3 assumed as magma chamber with 914 meters depth, and D-D’ slice at -2,930 gr/cm3 assumed as magma chamber with 943 meters depth.

Monte Carlo Simulation to Determine Deposition Ratio of Dosage in a-SI Epid with Dose Deposition on Water Herwiningsih, Sri; Rianto, Sugeng; Yuana, Firdy
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 3 (2014)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

The study aimed to explore the use of a-Si EPID as a dosimeter for IMRT delivery. The main objective of the study was to determine the ratio of dose deposited in a-Si EPID and the dose deposited in water. Linac used in the simulation was Electa Precise Linac and A-Si EPID model used in the study was based on the configuration of iView GT Elekta a-Si EPID. Study the characteristic of energy deposition at a-Si EPID and water detector shows that the energy deposition at a-Si EPID detector is higher than that of water detector at low photon energy (<0.1 MeV). This is caused by an enhancement of photoelectric interaction between photon beam and a-Si EPID detector at low energy X-rays. The simulation of dose deposition by using square fields show that the ratio between the dose deposition of a-Si EPID and the dose deposition of water detector (Î±) increases with an increase of the field size. The value of Î± ranges from 0.60 â€“ 0.66. The similar result was shown in the simulation of dose deposition by using IMRT beam, in which the value of Î± ranges from 0.63 â€“ 0.64. The Î± value is useful to relate the measured dose from detector to the equivalent dose of water, which is often used as a reference medium in radiotherapy dosimetry.Â Â

Development of Spectrophotometric Methods for Iodide Determination Using Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) as Oxidizing Abner Tonu Lema; Hermin Sulistyarti; Atikah Atikah
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

Serious disorders of iodine deficiency can cause irreversible cretinism, pregnancy complications, goiter, compromised thyroid hormone production, mental impairment and decreasing cognitive function. In order to detect early indication of Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) a development of simple spectrophotometric method for iodide determination is proposed using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as an oxidizing agent. Determination of iodide is based on the oxidation reaction of I- to I2 that form blue complex compound I2-starch. The blue color intensity of the complex I2-starch produced was measured at wavelength of 611 nm. Several parameters were optimized: complex formation and oxidation time of iodide, the optimum concentration of oxidizing agent, H2SO4, starch and effect of interfering ions (chloride, bromide, thiocyanate), with optimum conditions obtained of respectively: 10 minute, H2O2 0.1 M, H2SO4 0.05 M, starch 0.2 %. Under these condition, the method showed linearity of 5 - 60 ppm, limit of detection and quantification of 0.62 and 2.09 mg/L, respectively. This method has been successfully applied to synthetic and urine samples and can be recommended for the detection of iodide in patients hyperthyroidism and KI tablets.

Subsurface Mapping of Ground Water using Schlumberger Configuration in Upstream of Brantas River, Batu area, East Java, Indonesia Adi Susilo
Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences Vol 2, No 4 (2014)
Publisher : Natural B, Journal of Health and Environmental Sciences

A Resistivity sounding survey of groundwater was performed around the upstream of Brantas river, Batu area, East Java, Indonesia. The goal of this study is to identify the water resources. In order to determine the aquifer thickness and the ground water flow, it was done a mapping in the 6-spring water area, as a representative of 108 spring water in the study area. Acquisitions are taken by six lines using Schlumberger configuration around the spring water at length of measurement line about 400 m with electrode spacing 10 m. Data processing and interpretation were using IP2WIN, Progress 3, and Rockwork 15, which allowed in 1D and 3D scheme to present the distribution of real resistivity below the surface. Interpretation of the results indicate the presence of a layer of rock that is formed due to volcanic activity. The rock structure is composed of volcanic rock breccia, tuff breccia, sandy tuff, tuff and lava. Rocks of volcanic breccia, tuff breccia, tuff and lava have small porosity due to having a small grain size and smooth, and have the low permeability, so it is not able to store and drain water. This rock layer is expected to function as an impermeable layer and can further serve to hold water that can seep into the ground below, so that the ground water will flow horizontally. While sandstone has a great porosity because it has a rounded rock grains with large permeability, so as to save water and running it in a number of significant.

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