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The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 23024690     EISSN : 25410733     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jpacr
Core Subject : Health, Science, Engineering,
Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Materials Science & Nanotechnology Medicine & Pharmacology
The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research focuses in publishing research articles in the field of Chemistry and Applied Chemistry. The target is in exploring, investigating, and developing chemicals sources from local and/or Indonesian to increase the value. Scope of the journal is organic chemistry, analytical chemistry, inorganic chemistry, biochemistry, and physical chemistry. Included the topic also organic chemistry natural product, theoretical and computational chemistry.
Arjuna Subject : Kimia(semua kategori) - Kimia (Lain-Lain)
Articles 6 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 12, No 2 (2023): May-August 2023" : 6 Documents clear
Potential Cassava Skin Waste (Manihot esculenta C.) In the Production of Bioethanol by Enzymatic Hydrolysis and Fermentation Using Zymomonas mobilis Bacteria Permatasari, Nur Umriani; Dali, Seniwati; Wahyuni, Eka Sry
The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research Vol 12, No 2 (2023): May-August 2023
Publisher : Chemistry Department, The University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpacr.2023.012.02.3304

Abstract

Cassava is one of the most widely produced agricultural products in Indonesia with cassava peel waste of 20%. Cassava peel contains carbohydrates and stores a high cellulose content so that it has a potential to be a bioethanol. This study aims to utilize cassava peel waste for bioethanol production with an alkaline pretreatment process, cellulase enzyme hydrolysis and fermentation by using Zymomonas mobilis bacteria. Alkaline pretreatment with 14% NaOH is used to hydrolyze lignocellulose. The hydrolysis optimization process enzymatically applies the Surface Response Method (RSM) to determine the optimum conditions at hydrolysis pH in the range of 2-10 and hydrolysis temperature in the range of 30-70 °C by analyzing glucose levels using the Dinitrosalicylic Acid (DNS) method and UV-vis spectrophotometry instruments. Surface Response Method (RSM) is likewise implemented to decide the greatest conditions of the fermentation process. The pH measurement ranges 2-10, and fermentation time takes 6 to 168 hours. Based on the results of research, it results a lignin content of 6.68% (b/b), cellulose content of 58.4% (b/b), and hemicellulose content of 27.3% (b/b). The optimum conditions of the hydrolysis process obtained an optimum glucose level of 9.22mg/mL at pH 2 and a hydrolysis temperature of 50°C. The optimum conditions of the fermentation process use Zymomonas mobilis at pH 6 while fermentation time takes 168 hours analyzed using a refractometer produced a bioethanol content of 37.75% (v/v) and a gas chromatography produced a bioethanol content of 54.94% (v/v).
Phytochemical screening, antioxidant, antishigella and antileishmanial activities of ethanolic extract of Rourea coccinea (Schumach & Thonn.) Benth leaves Basile Goueti; Benedicta Kpadonou-Kpoviessi; Raymond Fatondji; Bardieu Atchade; Paul Djouonzo Toukam; Salomé Dossou Sika KPOVIESSI
The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research Vol 12, No 2 (2023): May-August 2023
Publisher : Chemistry Department, The University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpacr.2023.012.02.3314

Abstract

Rourea coccinea is a widely used medicinal plant worldwide, especially in West Africa. The phytochemical screening of the ethylanolic extract of leaves carried out according to the method of Houghton and Raman with some modifications, revealed the presence of alkaloids, phenolic compounds, terpenenoids, tannins, coumarines, anthocyanins and anthraquinones. The antiradicalar tests were performed using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl), ABTS (2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diamum salt) and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) with a Scavenging concentration 50 (SC50) of 101,19 µg/mL, 34.73 µg/mL and 88.93 µg/mL respectively. The antishigella activity of the extract determined by the microdilution method was low. According to Jair Siquera-Neto et al., the antileishmanial assay using the colorimetric resealing method showed activity against promastigous strains of Leishmania donovani with an inhibitory concentration of IC50=32.26 µg/mL. The traditional use of Rourea coccinea, in the treatment of several diseases, would be justified by these pharmacological properties tested.
Effects of Preparation Temperature and Liquid-Solid Lipid Composition to Curcumin-Nanostructured Lipid Carrier Characteristics Fabricated by Microfluidic Technique Ridho Arief Al Rasyid; Diah Mardiana; Ridho Firmansyah; Zubaidah Ningsih
The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research Vol 12, No 2 (2023): May-August 2023
Publisher : Chemistry Department, The University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpacr.2023.012.02.3317

Abstract

Nanostructured Lipid Carriers (NLC) are lipid-based carrier that uses a combination of liquid and solid lipids which is believed to deliver a higher amount of active substance to the human body. This study aimed to obtain the best formulation and evaluate the stability of curcumin-loaded NLC (C-NLC) using microfluidic technique at temperature of 40oC and 60oC with the ratios of liquid:solid lipids were 2 : 1 ; 3.5 : 1 ; 4 : 1 ; 6 : 1% w/w. Our results showed that the increase of process temperature and liquid lipid concentration reduced particle size. There was a non-linear relationship between lipid ratio and temperature to encapsulation percentage. At ratio of soybean oil:stearic acid 6 : 1 and, at 40°C, particles size (PS) obtained was 143.87 ± 3.36 nm, polydispersity index (PDI) obtained was 0.44 ± 0.01, zeta potential (ZP) obtained was -33.3 ± 6.53 mV with encapsulation percentage of 20.62%. At the same ratio at 60°C, the PS obtained was 60.21 ± 2.55 nm, PDI obtained was 0.72 ± 0.03, ZP obtained was -26.10 ± 1.83 mV and encapsulation percentage of 31.45%. Stability test showed that C-NLC produced at 60°C was more stable since the change of particle size and pH were lower than C-NLC produced at 40°C.
Identification of volatile compounds in several meat and bone broth using Solid Phase Micro Extraction-Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (SPME-GCMS) for initial detection of Halal and Non-Halal Food Diana Candra Dewi; Chanif Mahdi; Hermin Sulistyarti; Aulani`am Aulani`am
The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research Vol 12, No 2 (2023): May-August 2023
Publisher : Chemistry Department, The University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpacr.2023.012.02.3308

Abstract

The development of techniques for detecting halal and non-halal animal meat is of great importance as a useful tool for monitoring and assuring food quality for Muslim. Flavor or aroma is one of the sensory attributes for consumers to distinguish broth cattle. The differences aroma of broth cattle is contributed by the content of volatile compounds. This study was aimed to determine the composition of volatile compounds in meat and bone broth from five different animals, i.e., cow (beef), pig (pork), goat, lamb, and chicken for initial identification of halal and non halal food. A preliminary test for samples of meat and bone broth was done by identifying their physical properties including pH, viscosity, and density. The volatile compounds in meat and broth samples were extracted using a solid phase-micro extraction (SPME) at room temperature and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). The results revealed the physical properties of meat and bone broth, i.e. pH, viscosity, and density, cannot be used to distinguish the type of broth produced from beef, pork, goat, lamb, and chicken. Successful results for the identification were achieved through chromatogram profile of volatile compounds from meat and bone broth which show characteristics to each type of animal, and therefore it can be used to distinguish pork from beef, goat, lamb, and chicken as initial detection for halal and non halal food. The research also identified 7 predominant volatile compounds as a marker for meat pork and other 8 specific compounds marker for pork bone.
Antidiabetic Activity of the Methanol Fraction of Sungkai Leaves (Peronema canescens Jack) Indra Lasmana Tarigan; Anggi Ayunda Triani; Madyawati Latief
The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research Vol 12, No 2 (2023): May-August 2023
Publisher : Chemistry Department, The University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpacr.2023.012.02.699

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is one of a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia caused by a disturbance in insulin so that blood glucose levels increase. Prevention of absorption of blood glucose by the intestine can be done with the help of the enzyme α-glucosidase. Based on the results of phytochemical tests, it is known that the methanol fraction of sungkai leaves contains flavonoid compounds. The Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectrum showed that the isolates had phenolic O-H groups (3,354.53 cm-1, 1,359.28 cm-1), aromatic C=C group (1,615.48 cm-1), C-O-C ether group (1,046.60 cm-1) and aromatic C-H group (822.21 cm-1). In vivo antidiabetic activity test was carried out using test animals of white male mice which were induced by alloxan. Antidiabetic testing was carried out using 6 treatment groups with glibenclamide, Na-Carboxymethyl cellulose (Na-CMC) 0.5%, dose 175 mg/kgBW, 350 mg/kgBW, 700 mg/kg Body Weight (BW) and isolates 2 mg/kgBW. The results showed that the methanol fraction of sungkai leaves had the best antidiabetic activity at a dose of isolate and 700 mg/kgBW which was able to reduce blood glucose levels by 42.20% and 42.00%. In vitro antidiabetic testing through α-glucosidase enzyme inhibition mechanism did not show any antidiabetic activity at concentrations of fractions 5, 10, 25, 50 and 100 ppm.
Effect of Avocado Seed Ethanol Extract (Persea americana Mill) on Superoxide Dismutase (SOD1) and Histological Expression of Pancreas in Rats (Rattus norvegicus) with Diabetes Millitus Fauziah Usman; Nurhaida Nurhaida; Binawati Ginting; Aulanni’am Aulanni’am
The Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Research Vol 12, No 2 (2023): May-August 2023
Publisher : Chemistry Department, The University of Brawijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21776/ub.jpacr.2023.012.02.3297

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus causes a pancreatic β-cells damage due to the increase of oxidative stress, thereby reducing Superoxide Dismutase 1 (SOD1) activity. This enzyme activity can be increased by utilizing antioxidant compounds from the avocado seed extract. This study aims to determine the increase of SOD1 expression and the repair of pancreatic β-cells tretaed with the ethanol extract of avocado seeds (Persea americana Mill). It is also aimed to observe the expression of pancreatic SOD1 and its histopathology change. The expression was measured by using immunohistochemical. This research used 20 Wistar rats aged of 2-3 moths, weighing of 150-200 grams. The diabetic rats were induced by streptozotocin (STZ) with dose of 30 mg/kg BW intraperitoneally. The rats were divided into 5 groups, namely: group 1 is healthy rats, group 2 is diabetic rats, while the group 3, 4 and 5 are therapeutic groups with 300, 350 and 400 mg/kg BW doses of ethanol extract for 14 days treatment. The results showed the ethanolic extract of avocado seeds has a potential as an antidiabetic agents based on the increase of pancreatic SOD1 (p<0.05) significantly, increase of SOD1 expression 7.6 ± 1.34, 11.6 ± 1.94 and 13.0 ± 2.82 in three different doses therapy (300, 350 and 400 mg/kg BW), and repairing structure of β-pancreatic cells on the therapeutic groups.

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