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Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease

IJTID
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Published by Universitas Airlangga

ISSN : 20851103 EISSN : 23560991 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health, Science,

Earth & Planetary Sciences Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health

This journal is a peer-reviewed journal established to promote the recognition of emerging and reemerging diseases specifically in Indonesia, South East Asia, other tropical countries and around the world, and to improve the understanding of factors involved in disease emergence, prevention, and elimination. The journal is intended for scientists, clinicians, and professionals in infectious diseases and related sciences. We welcome contributions from infectious disease specialists in academia, industry, clinical practice, public health, and pharmacy, as well as from specialists in economics, social sciences and other disciplines.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 382 Documents

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HEPATITIS VIRUS INFECTION IN REPEATEDLY TRANSFUSED THALASSEMIA PATIENTS Andarsini, Mia Ratwita
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 2 No. 1 (2011)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Patients of thalassemia who are conventionally treated by a regular transfusion regimen, are at a risk of developing transfusion transmitted infections, including hepatitis. The present study was conducted to evaluate the prevalence of hepatitis virus infection in repeated transfused thalassemia patients. A total of 83 patients of thalassemia who had received at least 10 transfusions were tested for HBs Ag, anti HBs and anti-HCV using ELISA. Amongst these patients, HBs Ag, anti HBs and anti HBC were detected in 1.2%, 26.5% and 12% patients respectively. the prevalence of HBV and HCV infection were in agreement with the findings in other study.

MODERN WOUND DRESSING FOR WOUND INFECTION: AN OVERVIEW Rizani, Novida
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 3 No. 1 (2012)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

When the tissue of skin is break means a wound is happens. To seal it, many choices of wound healing are available. Moist wound dressing can be better optional than the conservative ones. A bioactive agent that being added at the dressing in fact can increase healing rate of wound, moreover can subjugate wound infection caused by the pathogens, and also capable to prevent it. In this review, there are summary of modern moist wound healing, the wound pathogens, and some of sturdy bioactive agent for wound dressing. The treatment of wound infections using impregnated wound dressing by bioactive agent can also by antimicrobial agent that will striven against bacteria colonial.

THE PRELIMINARY STUDY OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY FROM XYLO-OLIGOSACCHARIDE OF CORNCOB (ZEA MAYS) HYDROLYSIS PRODUCT WITH ENDO-β-XYLANASE ENZYME Yamani, Laura Navika; Kristanti, Alfinda Novi; Puspaningsih, Ni Nyoman
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 3 No. 2 (2012)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Xylo-oligosaccharide derived from corncob hemicellulose has been reported to possess antioxidant activity. In order to assess the effective scavenging of xylo-oligosaccharide, we conducted in vitro studies based on self-made xylo-oligosaccharide with DPPH (2,2diphenyl-1-picrilhydrazil) method. Xylo-oligosaccharide was prepared with enzymatic hydrolysis. The enzyme used for hemicellulose hydrolysis was endo-β-xylanase enzyme from PC-01 isolated bactrerium. PC-01 isolated bacterium used in this study was Pacet hot spring which was isolated from East Java. Endo-β-xylanase enzyme is an extracelluler enzyme. There was about 0.199 U/mL after purification and dialysis process. Hydrolisis product of hemicellulose A and B from corncob were analyzed with TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography) and HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography). This analysis showed that hydrolysis product of hemicellulose B had a lot of xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolysis product of hemicellulose than Xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolysis product of hemicelluloses A. Xylo-olygosaccharide was analyzed as on antioxidant activity. Xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolysis product ofhemicellulose B (IC = 48.96) has higher antioxidant activity than Xylo-oligosaccharide hydrolysis product of hemicellulose A (IC 50 50 = 92.302). The toxicity of xylo-oligosaccharide can be calculated by the value of LC 50 (Lethality concentration). LC of xylooligosaccharide derived from corncob hemicellulose was 400 ppm so that xylo-oligosaccharide has anti tumor activity because xylooligosaccharide has LC 50 < 1000 ppm.

MMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF NF-kB (P0/P) IN PATIENT WITH AGGRESSIVE AND CHRONIC PERIODONTITIS Prahasanti, Chiquita
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 4 No. 4 (2013)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Background: Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-ÎºB) is a protein complex that plays a role in transcription factors and in response to inflammation. Periodontitis is a periodontal disorder caused by various bacteria such as A. actinomycetemcomitan and P.gingivalis whose LPS is closely related to NFÎºB (p50/p65). Aim: This study observed whether NF-ÎºB (p50/p65) played a role in aggressive and chronic periodontitis. Methods: Data were obtained from periodontal tissue 40 patients with aggressive periodontitis and 40 patients with chronic periodontitis. Samples were derived from periodontal tissue with abnormalities and NFÎºB (p50/p65) protein expression test was performed by immunohistochemistry. The statistical test used was the t-test. Results: In NF-ÎºB (p50) the t value was -12 041 and significance 0.000, with α = 5%, showing significant difference in protein expression of NF-ÎºB (p50) between patients with aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis. OR estimation for the value of protein expression of NFÎºB (p50) was 0.64 (sign. = 0.000). It shows that if the protein expression of NFÎºB (p50) of the respondents is incremented by 1 (one) unit, the risk of chronic periodontitis increases 1.64 times. Box plot diagram shows that the distribution of the protein expression of NFÎºB (p50) between patients with aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis patients is significantly different. In NF-ÎºB (p65) the Z value was -7.137 and significance of 0000, with α= 5%, showed significant differences in protein expression of NF-ÎºB (p65) between patients with aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis. OR estimates for protein expression of NFÎºB (p65) was 0.66 (sign. = 0.000). This indicates that if the protein expression of NFÎºB (p65) respondents is incremented by 1 (one) unit, the risk of chronic periodontitis increases 1.5 times. Box plot diagram shows that the distribution of the protein expression of NFÎºB (p65) between patients with aggressive and chronic periodontitis patients is significantly different. Conclusion: The protein expression of NF-ÎºB (p50/p65) has more influence on the incidence of chronic periodontitis patients, so it can be used as a marker for chronic periodontitis.

Medical Audit of the Management of Patients with Sepsis in the Intermediate Care Unit of Department Internal Medicine School of Medicine Airlangga University/Dr. Soetomo Hospital Hadi, Usman; Triyono, Erwin Astha
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 1 No. 1 (2010)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Sepsis and septic shock is one of the highest causes of death in patients treated in hospitals. Research Objectives: to evaluate the quality of the management of sepsis patients in Intermediate Care Unit, Department of Internal Medicine Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia. This study was a retrospective study to re-evaluate the patient medical record. The number of patients treated: 275 patients, sepsis patients: 80 patients, the number of patients who entered the study 50 patients, 30 (60%) female and 20 (40%) men, most age groups aged 60 -70 years (32%), Mean 54 Median 56. Diagnostic accuracy according to the criteria of sepsis 45 (90%) patients, compliance with taking blood culture 2 (4%) patients, appropriate antibiotic selection 49 (98%) patients, the number of patients who should not be given antibiotics (4 patients), but given the antibiotic is 3 (75%) patients, the number of patients who should be given antibiotics (46 patients) but were not given antibiotics 1 (2%) patient. The reason of patients discharged: 27 had died (54%), 13 cured (26%), not yet recovered 10 (20%). The reason of patients discharged forcibly: to feel recovered 2 (20%), the condition gets worse 3 (30%), no cost 2 (20%), not clear 3 (30%). Patients with sepsis remain a big problem, and it still needs to improve the management of sepsis on existing guidelines.

Identification of Streptomyces sp-MWS1 Producing Antibacterial Compounds retnowati, Wiwin
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 1 No. 2 (2010)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

An actinomycete, designated Streptomyces sp-MWS1, was isolated from mangrove ecosystem soil in the eastern coast of Surabaya. This organism was capable of producing a series of antibiotics that strongly inhibit the growth of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Furthermore, culture morphological and physiological characteristics of the isolated strain, Streptomyces sp-MWS1 were compared to other reference strains belong to Streptomyces species. The analysis of nucleotide sequence of the 16S rDNA indicated similarity binary 98% with Streptomyces species.

THE MI GRAI NE- VERTI GO- PERI ODONTAL DI SEASE CONNECTION: EVIDENCE-BASED CASE AND VERIFICATION IN AN ANIMAL STUDY Utomo, Haryono
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 1 No. 3 (2010)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Recently, two CNS disorders, migraine and anxiety have been recognized as being commonly associated with dizziness (Vertigo).These associations may be an expression of an etiological relationship, for example, dizziness caused by migraine, or dizziness causedby anxiety and termed as MARD. Chronic dizziness may become more disabling during the added stress of a migraine headache orpanic attack. In addition, dizziness occurred comorbidly with both migraine headache and anxiety disorders. Even though the etiologyof migraine had been suggested from trigeminal nerve sensitivity and neurogenic inflammation, its linking to periodontal disease thatinnervated by the same nerve was still uncertain. However, an animal study revealed that Porphyromonas gingivalis lipopolysaccharidestimulation was able to increase neurogenic inflammation. A male patient suffered with symptoms mimicking MARD for years andconcomitantly had chronic periodontitis. Scaling and root planning combined with the assisted drainage therapy resulted in instantdisappearing of most of the symptoms. This case report is to propose the mechanism of periodontal disease involvement in theetiopathogenesis of migraine and vertigo which could be treated with periodontal treatment. Regarding to remarkable result, it wasconcluded that periodontal disease could be a source of neurogenic and immunogenic inflammation which if not treated periodicallycould perpetuate symptoms mimicking MARD.

EXPRESSION OF b-XYLOSIDASE ENCODING GENE IN PHIS/ Bacillus megaterium MS SYSTEM Sumarsih, Sri
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 2 No. 1 (2011)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

b-Xylosidase encoding gene from G. thermoleovorans IT-08 had been expressed in the pHIS1525/ B. megaterium MS941 system. The b-xylosidase gene (xyl) was inserted into plasmid pHIS1525 and propagated in E. coli DH10b. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into B. megaterium MS941 by protoplast transformation. Transformants were selected by growing the recombinant cells on solid LB medium containing tetracycline (10 µg/ ml). The expression of the b-xylosidase gene was assayed by overlaid the recombinant B. megaterium MS941 cell with agar medium containing 0.2% ethylumbelliferyl-b-D-xyloside (MUX). This research showed that the b-xylosidase gene was succesfully sub-cloned in pHIS1525 system and expressed by the recombinant B. megaterium MS941. Theaddition of 0.5% xylose into the culture medium could increase the activity of recombinantactivity of recombinant of recombinantb-xylosidase by 2.74 fold. The recombinant B. megaterium MS941 secreted 75.56% of the expressed b-xylosidase into culture medium. The crude extract b-xylosidase showed the optimum activity at 50° C and pH 6. The recombinant b-xylosidase was purified from culture supernatant by affinity chromatographic method using agarose containing Ni-NTA (Nickel-Nitrilotriacetic acid). The pure b-xylosidase showed a specific activity of 10.06 Unit/mg protein and relative molecular weight ± 58 kDa.

Clinical Description and Diagnosis of HIV/AIDS Suryono, Suryono; Nasronudin, Nasronudin
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 5 No. 1 (2014)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Infections of HIV/AIDS currently has become very serious problems for the world health. In the country the first case of HIV/AIDS was discovered in Bali in 1987, in its progress has not the meaning but after 1985 HIV transmission increased considerably. The complex problem that the living and the increasing number of cases should indeed, medical practitioners understand more the clinical and how to diagnose infections of HIV/AIDS. A snapshot of the clinical HIV infection/aids can be seen from grievances and a diseasethat often accompanies it, a complaint which is found at HIV/AIDS sufferers in the form of suds retroviral acute: fever, weight loss, diarrhea chronic, disphagi, limpadenopati, infections in the skin respiratory disorders and nervous breakdown center. While a disease that often been gained by those with HIV / AIDS as candidiasis, tuberculosis, pneumonia bakterialis, toksoplasmosis and pneumonia pneumocystic carinii. Diagnose HIV infection created based on clinical symptoms which includes major symptoms and symptoms ofminor, and the result of the examination of the laboratory.

IDENTIFICATION OF INFLUENZA VIRUSES IN HUMAN AND POULTRY IN THE AREA OF LARANGAN WET MARKET SIDOARJO-EAST JAVA, INDONESIA Frederika, Edith; Mareta, Aldise; Poetranto, Djoko; Wulandari, Laksmi; Setyoningrum, Retno Asih; Setyowati, Lucia Landia; Yudhawati, Resti; Soegiarto, Gatot; Yamaoka, Masaoki
Indonesian Journal of Tropical and Infectious Disease Vol. 4 No. 4 (2013)
Publisher : Institute of Topical Disease Universitas Airlangga

Background: Influenza is a viral infection that attacks the respiratory system (nose, throat, and lungs) that commonly known as "flu”. There are 3 types of influenza viruses, such as type A, type B, and type C. Influenza virus type A is the type of virus that can infect both human and animals, virus type B are normally found only in human, and Influenza virus type C can cause mild illness in human and not causing any epidemics or pandemics. Among these 3 types of influenza viruses, only influenza A viruses infect birds, particularly wild bird that are the natural host for all subtypes of influenza A virus. Generally, those wild birds do not get sick when they are infected with influenza virus, unlike chickens or ducks which may die from avian influenza. Aim: In this study, we are identifying the influenza viruses among poultry in Larangan wet market. Method: Around 500 kinds of poultry were examined from cloacal swab. Result: Those samples were restrained with symptoms of suspected H5. The people who worked as the poultry-traders intact with the animal everyday were also examined, by taking nasopharyngeal swab and blood serum. Conclusion: Identification of influenza viruses was obtained to define the type and subtype of influenza virus by PCR.

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