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<![CDATA[The effect of titanium dioxide filler on soft liners on Candida albicans growth and surface hardness ]]>
<![CDATA[Aditama, Pramudya]]>;
<![CDATA[Indrastuti, Murti]]>;
<![CDATA[Ruspita, Intan]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 10, No 1 (2024): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.80212
<![CDATA[Soft liners are recommended in denture stomatitis, yet they are prone to microorganism colonization. Modification of soft liners can be done by adding titanium dioxide (TiO2) because they induce photocatalytic production and increase the physical strength of the material. This research aims to examine the effect of adding (TiO2) filter in soft liners on the growth of Candida albicans and surface hardness. This research used disc-shaped soft liners with 2 sizes: 10 mm in diameter and 2 mm in thickness for the mold growth test and 10 mm in diameter and 6mm in thickness for surface hardness. Each of the 24 samples was divided into 4 groups: groups I, II, and III with the addition of (TiO2) at concentrations of 0.5%, 1%, and 2%, respectively, and group IV acting as the control group without (TiO2). Test of the growth of Candida albicans used dilution method, and calculations were made with a colony counter. Test of surface hardness used a durometer, and data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and LSD. The results showed that among the groups, group III demonstrated the lowest growth of Candida albicans (7.67±2.25 x103CFU/mL), while group IV exhibited the highest growth (21.33±4.63 x103CFU/ml). The results of the ANOVA test showed that the addition of TiO2 had a significant effect on the growth of Candida albicans (p < 0.05). In the LSD test, there were significant differences between the control group and all of the treatment groups. In the surface hardness test, the highest was observed in group III (29.92 ± 1.52 HA), and the lowest was in group IV (23.08 ± 2.6 HA). The results of the ANOVA test indicated the effect of adding (TiO2) on the hardness of the soft liners (p < 0.05). The LSD test showed significant differences between the control group and all of the treatment groups. The addition of 0.5%-2% (TiO2) concentrations to soft liners inhibited the growth of Candida albicans, while the 0.5% concentration showed the smallest change in surface hardness.]]>
<![CDATA[Effects of Monosodium Glutamate (MSG) intake during pregnancy and lactation on calcium levels in the teeth and alveolar bones of rat offspring ]]>
<![CDATA[Taqwim, Ali]]>;
<![CDATA[Noor, Anggita Rizky Rizali]]>;
<![CDATA[Wati, Erna Kusuma]]>;
<![CDATA[Ramadhani, Amilia]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 10, No 1 (2024): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.82261
<![CDATA[Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a widely used food additive that enhances flavor. However, excessive MSG intake during pregnancy and lactation may pose health risks to both the mother and the developing fetus, particularly in terms of tooth and bone development. This study aimed to investigate the effect of maternal oral administration of MSG during pregnancy and lactation on calcium levels in the teeth and alveolar bones of rat offspring. This research is a laboratory experiment with a post-test-only control group design. Thirty pregnant Sprague Dawley rats were randomly allocated into three groups: a control group receiving distilled water and two treatment groups receiving MSG at doses of 3 mg/g BW and 6 mg/g BW, respectively. MSG was administered orally from the 5th day of pregnancy until the end of the lactation period. The calcium levels in the teeth and alveolar bones of the offspring were measured using atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc LSD. The mean calcium levels in the teeth and alveolar bones of the offspring in the MSG treatment groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (p < 0.05). The reduction in calcium levels was dose-dependent, with the higher MSG dose (6 mg/g BW) resulting in a more pronounced decrease compared to the lower dose (3 mg/g BW). Maternal MSG intake during pregnancy and lactation leads to a dose-dependent decrease in calcium levels in rat offspring’s teeth and alveolar bones, suggesting that excessive MSG intake during these critical periods potentially leads to impaired tooth and bone development.]]>
<![CDATA[In vitro antibiofilm evaluation of ocimum basilicum extracts against enterococcus faecalis ]]>
<![CDATA[Yulina, Vera]]>;
<![CDATA[Herdiyati, Yetty]]>;
<![CDATA[Chemiawan, Eka]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 10, No 1 (2024): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.84185
<![CDATA[Enterococcus faecalis is the main pathogenic bacterium in the root canal which is resistant to various antibacterial agents. Recently, the discovery of a new antibacterial agent research focus in herbal dentistry, one of which is basil leaves. Basil (kemangi) leaves (Ocimum basilicum) are herbs that have various active components as anti-biofilm agents. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of antibacterial potential of O. basilicum extract against the biofilm formation by E. faecalis. This research uses true experimental laboratory design. The kemangi leaves were gradually extracted with various polarity based organic solvents (n-hexane and ethyl acetate). The evaluation of the anti-biofilm activity of the extracts against E. faecalis aimed to determine the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentration (MBIC) and minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) values. Calcium hydroxide paste (calcipex) was used as a positive control. The assay data were analyzed using an independent paired T-test. Ethyl acetate, n-hexane extract of O. basilicum, and calcipex inhibited biofilm formation by E. faecalis with MBIC values of 100%, 100%, and 75.20% at the concentrations of 2.5%, 10%, and 3.13%, respectively. The MBEC values were 100%, 100%, and 71.01% at the concentrations of 5%, 2.5%, and 3.13%, respectively. The statistical analysis by ANOVA test on MBIC and MBEC showed significant differences with p-values < 0.05. Further statistical valuation with post hoc analysis showed highly significant differences with p-values < 0.01. This study has found that O. basilicum leaves extracts have the capacity and ability to inhibit and eradicate E. faecalis biofilms.]]>
<![CDATA[Fiber-Reinforced composite resin bridges as a treatment alternative for posterior missing tooth ]]>
<![CDATA[Waskitho, Arief]]>;
<![CDATA[Putri, Anggun Kharisma]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 10, No 1 (2024): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.85065
<![CDATA[Dental restoration alternatives for posterior missing tooth range from dental bridges to implant dentures. Fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) resin bridge is one option for the replacement of a single tooth missing. FRC bridge is known as an alternative replacement method for single posterior missing tooth with minimally invasive preparation of abutment teeth. The simplicity of the production method in the FRC bridge provides the possibility of a single-visit bridge treatment. This report aims to present two successful treatments for missing posterior tooth by two different methods of immediate restoration using the FRC resin bridge. Treatments were performed directly using two different fiber materials, pre-impregnated quartz unidirectional fiber, and quartz fiber post. The use of unidirectional quartz fiber and quartz fiber post in the posterior tooth exhibited superior results due to its strength and geometry of fiber placement. In conclusion, the fiber-reinforced composite bridge is a possible option for managing the upper posterior missing tooth.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of sodium thiosulfate irrigation on push-out bond strength of root canal obturation material ]]>
<![CDATA[Panjiswastiawan, Leonardo Radito]]>;
<![CDATA[Mulyawati, Ema]]>;
<![CDATA[Kristanti, Yulita]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 10, No 1 (2024): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.85125
<![CDATA[Sodium hypochlorite is used as irrigation solution during root canal preparation because of its antibacterial effect. However, it degrades dentinal collagen and generates oxygen free layer on dentin surfaces that might prevent penetration of sealer. Sodium thiosulfate is an antioxidant and has been reported to neutralize that side effect. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of concentration and application time of sodium thiosulfate irrigation on push-out bond strength of root canal obturation material. This study used extracted human mandibular premolars single root post extraction. The root canals were prepared using crown down technique up to file F3. The samples were divided into four groups. Groups IA and IB were irrigated with sodium thiosulfate 5% for 3 and 5 minutes, while Groups IIA and IIB were irrigated with sodium thiosulfate 10% for 3 and 5 minutes. The control group was irrigated with saline for 3 and 5 minutes. The root canals were obturated with epoxy resin sealer and gutta percha, and were incubated for 7 days. Samples were horizontally sectioned into 2 mm thickness in apical third and were tested with push-out technique using universal testing machine. The adherence failure of samples was observed using stereo microscope. Data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA. There was a significant effect between concentration of sodium thiosulfate on push-out bond strength (p < 0.05), but application time showed the same effect (p > 0.05). The application of antioxidant resulted in an increase in the push-out bond strength of root canal obturation material, with 10% sodium thiosulfate demonstrating the highest push-out bond strength.]]>
<![CDATA[A Comparative microleakage analysis of two bioactive root perforation sealing materials ]]>
<![CDATA[Indriani, Herliena Dyah]]>;
<![CDATA[Rinastiti, Margareta]]>;
<![CDATA[Untara, Raphael Tri Endra]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 10, No 1 (2024): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.86748
<![CDATA[Complications during root canal therapy, such as perforation, might lead to failure of root canal therapy. A root perforation allows the root canal system and periradicular tissue to communicate, which may affect the treatment outcome. The ability of perforated sealing materials to stop microleakage is also crucial to the success of the treatment. The latest bioactive materials, such as bioactive calcium silicate cement (BCSC) and enhanced resin-modified glass ionomer (ERMGIC), are used. This study compares the microleakage of BCSC and ERMGIC as a material for sealing root perforations at different observation times. Thirty post-extraction premolars, no caries, and single roots were used in this study. Samples were divided into two different groups. The perforation simulation was created using cylindrical fissure round-end burs at a distance of 2 mm from the cervical line. Following the use of BCSC and ERMGIC to seal the perforation, the samples were separated into three subgroups and immersed in a simulated body fluid for different durations in an incubator set at 37°C. As soon as the samples reached the immersion period, all samples were immersed in 1% methylene blue for 24 hours. It was then divided into two parts and examined under a microscope at 50x magnification. The two-way ANOVA test demonstrated no significant variation in the microleakage of the root perforation seal, depending on the material type and the observation time. This study found that microleakage, a material used to seal root perforations, was unaffected by the types of materials used or the length of the observation period.]]>
<![CDATA[Effect of zinc oxide nanoparticle concentration coated on acrylic resin upon surface roughness and abrasion resistance ]]>
<![CDATA[Yoga, I Gede Krisna Merta]]>;
<![CDATA[Harsini, Harsini]]>;
<![CDATA[Sunarintyas, Siti]]>;
<![CDATA[Handajani, Juni]]>;
<![CDATA[Nuryono, Nuryono]]>;
<![CDATA[Irnawati, Dyah]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 10, No 1 (2024): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.92000
<![CDATA[Acrylic resin is the material most often used as a base for dentures; however, acrylic resin has shortcomings in its biological properties as it does not have antimicrobial properties. ZnO is added to acrylic resin because of its antimicrobial properties. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of the concentration of ZnO nanoparticles as a heat polymerization acrylic resin coating on the coating’s resistance to abrasion. A total of 24 acrylic resin samples were made, each measuring 13 x 13 x 2 mm. The acrylic resin was coated with 3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate), then with ZnO nanoparticles with varying concentrations of 2.5%, 5%, and 7.5% in ethanol. ZnO nanoparticle coating was applied using the dip coating method. Subsequently, the samples were subjected to an initial roughness test, abrasion test, and final roughness test. The data obtained were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and LSD(0.05). The results showed that the mean change in roughness (μm) and standard deviation for groups I to IV were 0.11 ± 0.13, 0.08 ± 0.33, 0.1 ± 0.12, and 0.19 ± 0.15, respectively. The results of the one-way ANOVA test showed that there was no significant difference in the roughness after the abrasion test (p > 0.05). Thus, zinc oxide nanoparticles can reduce surface roughness and are resistant to surface abrasion.]]>
<![CDATA[Observation of new bone penetration into titanium rods with various thread pitch ]]>
<![CDATA[Putri, Tansza Setiana]]>;
<![CDATA[Eddy, Eddy]]>;
<![CDATA[Rinanti, Astri]]>;
<![CDATA[Ishikawa, Kunio]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 10, No 1 (2024): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.93519
<![CDATA[Titanium is a gold standard material in dental implant treatment due to its biocompatibility and excellent mechanical strength. However, titanium has no bioactivity and osteoconductivity. This has led to studies to develop the osteoconductivity by modifying the surface morphology, such as the thread pitch, which affect the implant stability and bone formation around the implant. This study aims to evaluate the effect of various size of gaps (equivalent to thread pitch) on the bone formation in titanium rods implantation. Initially, titanium rods were cut with different blade sizes: 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 mm. The gaps were equivalent to dental implant thread pitch. Titanium rods were implanted in the rat’s femur and inserted into the bone marrow. After 2 and 4 weeks of implantation, the rats were euthanized and the implanted femur were extracted. The femurs were resin-embedded and cut into 1-mm thickness. The specimens were observed by backscattered SEM. Two weeks after implantation, new bone started to form and penetrated the pitch. In the wider gaps, the bone penetration was found to be particularly high, and vice versa. After 4 weeks, the new bone formation was greater compared to 2 weeks of implantation, and more bone penetration was observed in the wider pitch. This study is an observational research with qualitative reading of the backscattered SEM images. In conclusion, wider pitch could increase osseointegration by providing larger space for bone formation.]]>
<![CDATA[Enhancing esthetics from growth modification ]]>
<![CDATA[Halim, Himawan]]>;
<![CDATA[Halim, Ivan Anthony]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 10, No 1 (2024): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.93907
<![CDATA[Alteration of maxillary growth, improvement in mandibular growth and position, and change in dental and muscular relationships, especially changing in esthetic profile are the expected results of myofunctional appliances. The use of Bionator appliance is a widely used myofunctional appliance for the management of Class II malocclusion. A normal and healthy Indonesian boy aged 12 years and 2 months old was motivated for treatment for protruded maxillary anterior teeth and retrognathic mandibular. He was introverted and had poor self-esteem despite his normal medical history. He had a Class II Division 1 malocclusion with a 10 mm overjet, normal overbite, with an SNA of 92.89°, SNB of 85.32°, ANB of 7.52°, and a facial angle of 88.11°. He was in mixed dentition stage with all his permanent teeth available and ready to erupt. The patient was treated in two phases: phase I to correct the skeletal discrepancy using Bionator appliance and phase II to correct the tooth discrepancy using fixed appliance. At the end of phase I treatment, or 10 months of wearing Bionator appliance, the patient’s mandible was positioned forward with the ANB angle reduced from 7.56° to 2.30°, and the profile was greatly improved. His molar and canine relationship was Class I. His profile became straight and more favorable. Early treatment using functional appliance therapy can reduce the severity of Class II skeletal pattern and instant change in facial and dental appearance in growing patients.]]>
<![CDATA[Titanium oxide coating and acid etching on platelet activation in dental implants ]]>
<![CDATA[Maharani, Adella Syvia]]>;
<![CDATA[Ismiyati, Titik]]>;
<![CDATA[Aditama, Pramudya]]>;
<![CDATA[Abdullah, Johari Yap]]>;
<![CDATA[Aziz, Ihwanul]]>
<![CDATA[ Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia Vol 10, No 1 (2024): April ]]>
Publisher : <![CDATA[Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada ]]>
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DOI: 10.22146/majkedgiind.94366
<![CDATA[Titanium is the most widely used dental implant material, but it requires surface treatment to improve osseointegration. While coating implants with TiO2, residue can arise, which may lead to contamination. To address this, 10% HF etching is added. This study investigated the effect of TiO2 coating using sputtering and HF etching on platelet activation in titanium dental implants. Laboratory experiments were conducted on titanium implants (Ø = 4 mm; length = 12 mm) treated with TiO2 coating and 10% HF etching. Twenty-four samples were divided into four groups (n = 6): Group I (TiO2), Group II (TiO2 + HF 5 min), Group III (TiO2 + HF 10 min), and Group IV (TiO2 + HF 20 min). Platelet activation was assessed using CD41 and CD62P expression markers. Data analysis employed one-way ANOVA and post hoc LSD test (p = 0.05). Platelet activation ranged from 20.31 ± 1.78% to 35.90 ± 3.81%. One-way ANOVA revealed a significant effect (p < 0.05) of both TiO2 coating and acid etching on activation. LSD post hoc test showed significant differences (p < 0.05) between all groups except for the 10 and 20-minute etching periods. TiO2 coating with 10 minutes of HF etching resulted in the optimal activation level.]]>
