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Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
BIOLOGY, MEDICINE, & NATURAL PRODUCT CHEMISTRY, this journal is published to attract and disseminate innovative and expert findings in the fields of plant, animal, and microorganism secondary metabolite, and also the effect of natural product on biological system as a reference source for researchers in these fields, and with the aim to set international standards in their methodology.
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Articles 126 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 14, No 2 (2025)" : 126 Documents clear
Effect of Repeated Frying of Potato Chips on Physiochemical Properties of Different Frying Oils and Its Sensory Evaluation Poudel, Rabin; Thagunna, Bishal; Bhattrai, Bishal; Subedi, Sushan; Baral, Nishal
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.1599-1605

Abstract

Deep frying involves submerging food in heated oil at about 180°C. Throughout the deep-frying process, various chemical reactions occur, leading to alterations in the physicochemical characteristics of the oil, which can ultimately have detrimental health impacts on consumers. Nevertheless, for reasons of economic efficiency, both home and industrial users frequently reuse cooking oils for deep frying. Consequently, this research aimed to evaluate the physicochemical and nutritional properties of commercially available mustard oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, and palm oil, in addition to investigating how the repeated deep frying of potato tubers affects the physicochemical and nutritional qualities of the analyzed oil samples. Consequently, the ideal amount of frying cycles for every type of oil was explored. To accomplish this, potato was fried individually using coconut, palm, and sunflower oils over four successive frying cycles. Results revealed that increasing the frying counts resulted in increased peroxide value, acid value, viscosity and refractive index, whereas decrease in moisture, iodine value and DPPH value of four oil samples. The peroxide value (PV) and acid value of mustard oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, and palm oil showed increases ranging from 1.82 to 7.98 meq/Kg, 5.19 to 11.69 meq/kg, 4.81 to 9.89 meq/kg, and 2.49 to 11.08 meq/kg respectively, with acid values shifting from 1.24 to 6.74 mg KOH/g, 0.17 to 0.49 mg KOH/g, 0.25 to 0.42 mg KOH/g, and 0.80 to 2.86 mg KOH/g. The viscosity increased from 183.33 to 615.09 mPA s, 51.66 to 405.49 mPA s, 165.57 to 590.17 mPA s, and 376.42 to 711.43 mPA s of mustard oil, sunflower oil, soybean and palm oil respectively, while the refractive index increased from 1.4654 to 1.4672, 1.4668 to 1.4710, 1.467 to 1.4722, and 1.4552 to 1.4610 of mustard, sunflower, soybean and palm oil respectively. In contrast, there was a reduction in moisture content, iodine value, and DPPH value for mustard, sunflower, soybean, and palm oil, ranging from 0.16-0.06%, 0.09-0.03%, 0.11-0.04%, and 0.21-0.09%, respectively. The findings indicate that the iodine values decreased from 106.2-88.6 g, 126.2-106.5 g, 129.4-108.4 g, and 54.3-31.82 g, respectively. The DPPH values of oil samples were 63.25%, 72.08%, 82.55%, and 78.18%, respectively. Following the fourth frying cycle, these values dropped to 47.85%, 53.79%, 79.62%, and 69.58%. Higher sensory scores regarding overall acceptability were obtained by chips fried in palm oil and lower by mustard oil.
Chemical Analysis, Physical Stability, and Antibacterial Activity of Nanoemulgel Hand Sanitizer Formulated with Citrus aurantifolia Essential Oil and Herbal Emollients Putri, Intan Kurnia; Beandrade, Maya Uzia; Anindita, Reza
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.1305-1314

Abstract

One of the most purchased hand sanitizer products by the public since the COVID-19 pandemic is hand sanitizer. However, alcohol-based hand sanitizer products often cause toxic effects and bacterial resistance. Therefore, alternative efforts are needed to replace antibacterial raw materials instead of alcohol, namely lime peel essential oils (Citrus aurantifolia) with Aloe vera and Calendula officinalis emollients.  This study aims to evaluate the physicochemistry, physical stability, and antibacterial affectiveness of the a nanoemulgel handsanitizer formula composed of active lime peel essential oils supplemented with Aloe vera and Calendula officinalis emollients. The design of this research is an experiment. Research treatment: formula (F) hand sanitizer nanoemulgel F1 2%, F2 4%, and F6 6%. Essential oil component test using GC-MS method, SNEEDS physical stability includes centrifugation test, freeze-thawing, transmittance, particle size, polydispersity index (PI), potential zeta, physical stability of nanoemulgel hand sanitizer, including organoleptic, homogeneity, pH, and viscosity test, antibacterial efficacy test using hand swabbing method. The results: GC-MS analysis of the components of lime peel essential oils: alpha-pinene (8.87%), linalool (0.58%), and L-alpha-terpineol (8.98%). All SNEEDS formulas and nanoemulgels were stable during 6 weeks of storage. Formulas F2 4% and F3 6% reduced the percentage (%) of hand bacterial colonies to 74% and 75%. The results of the one-way ANOVA showed a significant decrease (p < 0.05) in the number of bacterial colonies after using nanoemulgel hand sanitizer, especially in the F2 and F3 formulas. The conclusion is that Formula 3 (F3 6%) hand sanitizer is recommended as the best candidate for the development of a nanoemulgel hand sanitizer based on lime essential oil, as it offers the most optimal combination of physical stability, chemical stability, and biological effectiveness.
Papaya Seed Essential Oil Anti-Acne Cream and Its Effectiveness Against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Cutibacterium acnes Aprilia, Fadiyah; Mayasari, Ulfayani
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.1607-1616

Abstract

Acne is a common skin disorder that affects people from all walks of life. One of the causes of acne is the bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis and Cutibacterium acne. Papaya seeds are known to have antibacterial properties because they contain active compounds that inhibit bacterial growth. The main objective of this study was to determine the antibacterial activity of acne cream with the addition of papaya seed essential oil (Carica papaya L.) against Staphylococcus epidermidis and Cutibacterium acne bacteria. The method used in the production of essential oil was steam distillation, the antibacterial activity test was conducted using the disc diffusion method with concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50%, and the cream activity test was conducted using the well method. The data analysis results were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results showed that papaya seed essential oil against Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria at concentrations of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% was 7.7 mm, 13.1 mm, 16.3 mm, 18.7 mm, and 21.6 mm, respectively. Meanwhile, against Cutibacterium acne, the results were 4.6 mm, 6.4 mm, 9.9 mm, 12.1 mm, and 14.1 mm, respectively. Meanwhile, the inhibition zone results of papaya seed essential oil cream against Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria at concentrations of 40% and 50% were 18.7 mm and 21.7 mm, respectively, while the inhibition zone of the cream against Cutibacterium acne bacteria was 12.8 mm and 14.1 mm. It can be concluded that the acne cream made from papaya seed essential oil has the potential to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus epidermidis and Cutibacterium acne. A concentration of 50% proved to be the most effective in inhibiting the growth of acne-causing bacteria.
Development and Evaluation of a Stable Topical Cream Formulated with Annona squamosa Seed Extract as a Natural Pediculosis Agent Khairi, Nur; Muslimin, Lukman; Mubarak, Fhahri; Indrisari, Maulita; Fajriansyah, Fajriansyah
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.1355-1363

Abstract

Head lice infestation (Pediculosis capitis) remains a global public health concern, exacerbated by growing resistance to conventional pediculicides such as permethrin and malathion. This study aimed to evaluate the pediculicidal activity and formulation stability of a topical cream containing Annona squamosa (sugar apple or srikaya) seed extract as a natural alternative for treating pediculosis. The ethanolic extract of A. squamosa seeds was obtained through maceration, producing a 10.005% yield. Pediculicidal assays were conducted using various extract concentrations (5%, 7.5%, and 10%), followed by formulation of oil-in-water creams with extract concentrations of 7.5%, 10%, and 12.5%. Physical stability tests included assessments of viscosity, pH, spreadability, adhesion, and homogeneity. Results showed a dose–response relationship, with lice mortality increasing from 60% at 5% extract to 87% at 10%. Extract. The formulated creams demonstrated high efficacy—86% to 96% mortality—comparable to 1% permethrin. All formulations maintained acceptable physicochemical properties (pH 4.8–5.5, viscosity within 27,000–47,000 cps) and remained stable after accelerated storage. These findings indicate that A. squamosa seed extract is a potent pediculicidal agent that can be effectively incorporated into a stable topical formulation. The study supports the potential of A. squamosa as a safe, sustainable, and plant-based alternative for managing pediculosis while addressing the challenge of chemical resistance.
Phytochemical Profiling and TLC Analysis of Hymenocardia acida Methanol Leaf Extract Zubair, Abdulgafar Omeiza
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.1399-1401

Abstract

The study investigated the phytochemical constituents and chromatographic profile of Hymenocardia acida leaf extract obtained through methanol extraction. Hymenocardia acida, widely used in traditional medicine across Africa, is reputed for its therapeutic potential in treating various ailments. To explore the bioactive compounds, we conducted a series of qualitative phytochemical screenings to detect the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenols, terpenoids, steroids. The results revealed a broad spectrum of phytochemicals known to exhibit antioxidant, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Additionally, thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was performed to obtain a chromatographic profile of the methanol extract, aiming to separate and identify potential bioactive compounds. Silica gel plates were used as the stationary phase, and various solvent systems, such as hexane acetate and chloroform were optimized for effective separation of phytochemicals. The resulting TLC plates were analyzed under UV light at 254 nm and 365 nm, and retention factor (Rf) values were calculated to provide preliminary identification. Different solvent systems were used which showed different behaviors in the plant compounds. The resulting mixture between hexane and ethyl acetate at ratio 9:1, 8:2, 7:3, 6:4 and 5:5 are given as (0), (0,0.26,0.16), (0,0.95,0.94), (0) and (0,0.91,0.95) respectively. The TLC fingerprint and phytochemical profile generated from this study offer valuable insights into the potential pharmacological applications of Hymenocardia acida, supporting its use in traditional medicine and guiding further isolation and characterization of its active compounds for drug development.
GC-MS Determination of Bioactive Components with Their Biological Activities of Olax subscorpioidea (Olacaceae) Odoma, Saidi; Adekilekun, Ajibola Habeebulahi; Onohuean, Hope; Funso, Funso-Babarimisa; Oyewusi, Adekilekun Habeebat; Hamid, Abdulmumeen Amao
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.1437-1449

Abstract

Medicinal plants have been an integral part of healthcare, particularly in Africa, where over 80% of the population relies on traditional herbal medicine. This research focuses on Olax subscorpioidea, a plant recognized for its extensive pharmacological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and analgesic properties. The study aimed to identify the bioactive compounds present in the leaf extract of O. subscorpioidea using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The plant was collected, dried, and extracted with methanol, leading to the identification of 199 compounds, including phenols, terpenoids, flavonoids, and fatty acids, some of which possess significant biological activities. Toxicological studies indicated a safe dosage with no adverse effects observed in mice. This research underscores the potential of O. subscorpioidea as a source of novel therapeutic agents, necessitating further isolation and characterization of its bioactive constituents to explore their pharmacological potentials comprehensively.

Page 13 of 13 | Total Record : 126

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