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INDONESIA
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Medicine & Pharmacology Public Health
BIOLOGY, MEDICINE, & NATURAL PRODUCT CHEMISTRY, this journal is published to attract and disseminate innovative and expert findings in the fields of plant, animal, and microorganism secondary metabolite, and also the effect of natural product on biological system as a reference source for researchers in these fields, and with the aim to set international standards in their methodology.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 452 Documents
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Isolation and Antibacterial Activity of Sembung (Blumea balsamifera) Leaf Essential Oil L., DC Afriani, Tika; Rahmi, Azimatur; Sari, Mia Darmita
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.132.361-365

Abstract

Sembung leaf essential oil is a complex mixture in the form of oily yellow liquid with a unique aroma. It contains various volatile components that have antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities. This study aims to determine the antibacterial activity of essential oil Blumea balsamifera L., DC against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. Isolation of essential oil using steam distillation method with 0.21% rendement. Inhibition activity was performed by test tube method with variation concentrations of essential oil were 10%, 20%, 40%, 80%, and 100% for each bacteria. Results of this study showed that the highest antibacterial activity on Escherichia coli at 80% concentration with an inhibition zone diameter of 27.53 mm, 100% concentration for Pseudomonas aeruginosa with an inhibition zone diameter 25.72 mm and 100% concentration for Staphylococcus aureus with inhibition zone diameter 27.31 mm. Essential oil from (Blumea balsamifera) L., DC leaves have a strong activity inhibition category against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus.
The Therapeutic Potential of Cola nitida in Health and Disease: A Review Sanusi, Kamaldeen Olalekan; Usman, Umar Zayyanu; Usman, Dawoud; Adeshina, Kehinde Ahmad; Uthman, Yaaqub Abiodun; Jimoh, Lukman; Imam-Fulani, Aminat Omolola
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.122.637-643

Abstract

Cola nitida, also known as Kola nut, is a tropical plant native to West Africa and has a rich history of traditional medicinal use. In this narrative review, we aim to provide an overview of the protective effects of Cola nitida in various health and disease states. Cola nitida has been traditionally used for its medicinal properties, and its bioactive compounds include caffeine, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, and phenolics. These compounds contribute to its potential therapeutic effects. Here, we examine the potential benefits of Cola nitida in several areas of health, discussing its role in cognitive function, cardiovascular health, immune system function, gastrointestinal health, and metabolic and endocrine health. Relevant original articles available from PubMed, African Journals Online (AJOL), SCOPUS, and Google Scholar were retrieved using the keywords “cola” AND “nitida” without date restriction until July 17, 2023. Evidence suggests that Cola nitida may have positive effects on health, with indications of adverse effects only from its chronic usage. However, more research is needed to establish its efficacy and safety. Cola nitida holds promise as a natural remedy for various health conditions. Understanding the benefits and limitations of Cola nitida will contribute to its effective utilization in health and disease management.
Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants in South Sumatera, Indonesia Asiandu, Angga Puja; Sari, Widya
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.73-82

Abstract

South Sumatra, a province in Indonesia, is inhabited by several tribes. The geographical landscape surrounded by primary and secondary forests is a natural resource for the local communities in dealing with medical problems. They use plants as traditional medicine from generation to generation. The used parts include roots, stems, leaves, and sap that are biologically active to treat some diseases from moderate to deadly diseases. Based on literature studies, there are 250 plant species from 79 families processed by local communities in South Sumatra in some ethnobotanical activities. The dominant plant families are Fabaceae (5.6%), Asteraceae (4.8%), Euphorbiaceae (4.4%), Poaceae (4.4%), Myrtaceae (3.6%), Rubiaceae (3.6%), Rutaceae (3.6%), Solanaceae (3.6%), and Piperaceae (3.2%). Among many methods, boiling is the most common method in processing medicinal plants as it is considered more effective in extracting the bioactive compounds.
Antimicrobial Potential of Selected Phytochemicals from Hygrophila schulli; Computational Insights Perera, Pasindu Dilshan; Lawan, Haritha
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.205-214

Abstract

The escalating global concern over antibiotic resistance has led to an intensified exploration of alternative therapeutic strategies, including the utilization of plant-derived secondary metabolites. In this in-silico study, we investigated the structural inhibition of bacterial DNA Topoisomerase IV complex by major secondary metabolites extracted from the medicinal plant Hygrophila schulli. The plant is renowned for its rich phytochemical composition, possessing bioactive compounds with diverse pharmacological properties. Using computational approaches, we conducted molecular docking simulations to explore the binding affinities and interactions between the identified secondary metabolites from Hygrophila schulli and the target bacterial DNA Topoisomerase IV complex. Our results unveil promising interactions, suggesting a potential inhibitory effect on the targeted protein. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations were employed to examine the dynamic behavior of the ligand-protein complexes, providing insights into the stability and conformational changes over time. This in-silico exploration contributes valuable information to the understanding of the molecular interactions between plant-derived secondary metabolites and Bacterial DNA Topoisomerase IV, laying the groundwork for future experimental validations. The findings from this study may pave the way for the development of novel antimicrobial agents derived from natural sources, offering a sustainable and effective approach in the ongoing battle against antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections.
The Effect of Tapioca Flour and Bogor Taro Flour (Colocasia esculenta L. Schott) Formulations on the Chemical, Physical, and Sensory Characteristics of Catfish Sausage (Pangasius hypophtalmus) Amelia, Leona; Astuti, Sussi; Fadhallah, Esa Ghanim; Koesoemawardani, Dyah
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.132.321-328

Abstract

This study was aimed to determine the effect of tapioca flour and Bogor taro flour formulation on the chemical, physical, and sensory characteristics of catfish sausage and to determine the best formulation. This study was arranged in a Randomized Complete Group Design (RCGD) with a single factor of tapioca flour and Bogor taro flour formulation with 6 treatments P1 (100%:0%), P2 (80%:20%), P3 (60%:40%), P4 (40%:60%), P5 (20%:80%), and P6 (0%:100%) with 4 replications. Data were tested for equality of variance with Barlett's test and data saturation with Tuckey's test. The data were analyzed for variance to determine the effect between treatments, then further analyzed using the HSD test at the 5% level. The results showed that the formulation of tapioca flour and Bogor taro flour had a very significant on water content, ash content, hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, appearance, and overall acceptance but no effect on the taste and aroma of catfish sausage. P5 was the best treatment with a water content of 52.08%, ash content of 1.55%, hardness of 270.75 gf, springiness of 10.03 mm, cohesiveness of 0.83, appearance of 2.93 (slightly dull), taste of 3.87 (typical of fish), aroma of 3.87 (typical of fish), overall acceptance of 3.88 (like), protein content of 15.61%, and fat content of 4.29%.
Prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae Producing Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) in Broiler Meat (Gallus domesticus) Sold in Regional Markets of West Surabaya Risnanda, Kadek Rio; Masfufatun, Masfufatun; Listyawati, Agusniar Furkani; Kuntaman, Kuntaman; Sudibya, Akhmad
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 12, No 2 (2023)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2023.122.607-610

Abstract

Broiler meat is a foodstuff that is easily damaged by bacterial growth. Several pathogenic bacteria from the Enterobacteriaceae family have also been found as contaminants in chicken meat. While Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBL) are enzymes that have the ability to hydrolyze antibiotics of the penicillin class, first, second, and third generation cephalosporins as well as the monobactam group. Based on this phenomenon, the researchers wanted to examine the prevalence of the ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae family in broiler chicken (Gallus domesticus) meat sold in the West Surabaya market. This research is a descriptive observational type using a cross-sectional approach. The population in this study was broiler chicken meat taken from broiler traders in several markets in West Surabaya which had met the inclusion and exclusion criteria with a large sample of 50 samples. Then the data were analyzed using the chi-square test. The results of the analysis showed that 13 samples produced ESBL. The prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae bacteria producing ESBL in broiler chicken (Gallus domesticus) meat in several markets in West Surabaya is 26% of the 50 samples used. The results of the chi-square test showed that there was no significant difference between locations where ESBL was found.
Potential of Methane (CH4), Nitrogen (N2), and Carbon Dioxide (CO2) from Eco-Enzyme with the Addition of Cow Feces Starter Kamelia, Marlina; Ulmillah, Aulia; Pawhestri, Suci Wulan
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.35-42

Abstract

Eco-enzyme solutions are generally used in the manufacture of disinfectants, floor cleaners, liquid fertilizers, preservatives and others. In this study, eco-enzyme was used as the main ingredient in the manufacture of biogas fermentation with the addition of cow feces as an additional starter in the fermentation. The aim of this study was to determine the content of CH4, CO2, N2, pH, temperature, and pressure in eco-enzyme fermentation with the addition of cow feces starter.  his research is a quantitative research with the type of experimental research as well as direct observation data collection techniques and data analysis techniques using descriptive statistical analysis. The results showed that the treatment that produced the highest methane (CH4) gas was the P5 treatment with a concentration of 2.889%. 6,1. The highest volume pressure value was produced in the P5 treatment which was 70 ml. Nitrogen gas (N2) and carbon dioxide gas (CO2), the concentration of nitrogen gas (N2) from reactor P0 - P4 is in the range of 95.875-99.669 % and the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) from reactor P0 - P4 is in the range of 0.237 - 4.125 %.
Physical Characteristics of Immobilized Cells Acetobacter xylinum of Various Concentrations of Na-alginate Indraningtyas, Lathifa; Kustyawati, Maria Erna; Fitriah, Nafiatul
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.165-172

Abstract

Immobilization of Acetobacter xylinum cells by trapping technique is considered one way to maintain cell viability and can be used repeatedly. The purpose of this study was to determine the physical characteristics of immobilized cells in different concentrations of Na-alginate and apply them to the manufacture of nata de coco, as well as to see the surface and pore shape of immobilized cells after fermentation. This study used a descriptive method with visual observation. This study used one factor, namely various concentrations of Na-alginate, namely 2%, 3%, 4%, and 5% w/v. The immobilized cells applied to the manufacture of nata de coco had only a Na-alginate concentration of 3% resulting in a nata fiber layer close to that of a control. Immobilized cells with a Na-alginate concentration of 2% have a cracked, slightly pore surface with a size of 60.37 μm, while a Na-alginate concentration of 5%, have a smooth surface, many pores, with a size of 10.55 μm. Thus, the concentration affects the characteristics of immobilized cells. Application of immobilized cells with a Na-alginate concentration of 3% produces nata de coco with a fairly thick and stable fiber layer characteristic (close to control).
b-Glucan Comparison in the Mushrooms of Medicinal Fungal Species Totowiputro, Dicky Kurniawan; Sargowo, Djanggan; Tjokroprawiro, Askandar; Rifa'i, Muhaimin
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.131.285-289

Abstract

Agaricus blazei Murill has been known as a mushroom with medicinal properties, such as its efficacy in maintaining the immune system and other metabolic processes. The main polysaccharide found in A. blazei, is b-glucan. This study aims to quantify and compare b-glucan content in A. blazei compared with the medicinal mushrooms Ganoderma sp. and Pleurotus ostreatus. ?-glucan was extracted from each species using an alkaloid extraction method. The b-glucan content was determined using UV-Vis Spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 220 nm. The data showed that A. blazei contained the highest level of b-glucan, 6.99% (w/w), while the other mushrooms contained less than 2 %. This study obtained that A. blazei contain high levels of b-glucan compared with Ganoderma sp. and Pleurotus ostreatus. Thus, A. blazei has the potential as medicine, especially to maintain the balance of the immune system. To keep the body healthy and balance immune system patient can consume Agaricus blazei Muril.
Hippocratea africana Ethanol Root Extract and Fractions Attenuate Doxorubicin-Induced Testicular Toxicity and Oxidative Stress Noah, Kufre U; Okokon, Jude E
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 13, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2024.132.397-406

Abstract

Hippocratea africana root, used locally in treating poisoning, was investigated to confirm its antidotal potential in rats. The root extract (200-600 mg/kg) and fractions; dichloromethane (DCM) and aqueous, 400 mg/kg) were evaluated for hepatoprotective activity against doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity in male rats. Testosterone level, lipid profile indices, testicular oxidative stress markers, and testis histology were used to assess the testicular protective effect of the extract. The root extract (200-600 mg/kg) and fractions, dichloromethane (DCM) and aqueous, 400 mg/kg reduced the serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, and VLDL that were elevated by doxorubicin. In contrast, the high-density lipoprotein (HDL) reduced by doxorubicin was increased by the extract and fractions co-administration. Testosterone level, which was significantly (p<0.05) reduced by doxorubicin, was significantly (p<0.05-0.01) elevated by the root extract and fractions co-administration. The levels of GSH, GST, SOD, GPx, and CAT that were decreased by doxorubicin were significantly (p<0.01) elevated, and raised MDA level was reduced by the root extract and fractions. Histology of the testes sections of extract/fractions -treated animals showed absent/or reductions in the pathological features compared to the organotoxic-treated animals. The chemical pathological changes were consistent with histopathological observations, suggesting marked testicular protective potential. The anti-toxic effect of this plant may in part be mediated through the chemical constituents of the plant. The plant, H. africana possesses anti-toxicant properties which can be exploited in the treatment of doxorubicin-related toxicities.

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