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Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 14118033     EISSN : 26140101     DOI : 10.18196/mm
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Mutiara Medika Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan (MMJKK) Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting medical sciences generated from basic sciences, clinical, and community or public health research to integrate researches in all aspects of human health.
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Articles 934 Documents
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Pengaruh Penyuluhan terhadap Tingkat Pengetahuan Masyarakat tentang Analgetik di Kecamatan Cangkringan Sleman Indriastuti Cahyaningsih; Chairun Wiedyaningsih; Susi Ari Kristina
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 13, No 2 (2013)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v13i2.1060

Abstract

Banyaknya pilihan obat bebas golongan analgetik menyebabkan masyarakat kesulitan memilih obat yang tepat dan cenderung memilih tanpa mengetahui kesesuaian khasiat dan mutu obat dengan penyakitnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan dengan metode ceramah dan leaflet terhadap tingkat pengetahuan masyarakat tentang penggunaan analgetik di Kecamatan Cangkringan, Kabupaten Sleman, Yogyakarta. Jenis penelitian ini adalah eksperimental kuasi dengan One-Group Pretest-Postest Design. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan mengikutsertakan 33 responden. Tingkat pengetahuan diperoleh melalui pengisian kuesioner pada saat pre-test dan post-test. Pre-test dilakukan sebelum penyuluhan, sedangkan post-test dilaksanakan 1 bulan setelah penyuluhan. Penyuluhan dilaksanakan satu kali dengan metode ceramah dan alat bantu leaflet. Uji perbedaan tingkat pengetahuan sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan dianalisis menggunakan  paired sample t-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat pengetahuan responden sebelum dilakukan penyuluhan sebagian besar tergolong sedang (48,48%) dan setelah dilakukan penyuluhan sebagian besar tergolong tinggi (84,84%). Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan tentang analgetik yang bermakna sebelum dan sesudah penyuluhan (p = 0,000) dengan kenaikan sebesar 26,36%. Disimpulkan bahwa penyuluhan dengan metode ceramah dengan alat bantu leaflet dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang analgetik. A large number of analgesic nonprescription drugs make people difficult to choose the right medication and tend to choose without knowing the suitability between the efficacy and quality of medicines and their diseases. This study aims to determine the effect of the education with the lecture method and leaflet toward the level of public knowledge about the use of analgesics in Cangkringan, Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta.This research was quasi-experimental research design with one-group pretest-posttest design. Sampling method was purposive sampling with 33 respondens. Level of knowledge were obtained through questionnaires at pretest and posttest. Pretest was measured right before education session, while postest was conducted a month after education session. Education session was given once with the lecture method and leaflet. The differences in the level of knowledge between before and after education session were analyzed using paired sample t-test. The results showed that the prior level of knowledge were largely classified as moderate (48.48%) and after education session most of the respondent categorised high (84.84%). The analysis showed that there was an increase as 26.36% in the knowledge about analgesics after the education session Concluded that the education with the lecture method and leaflet can improve knowledge of analgetic.
Pengaruh Perbaikan Postur Kerja terhadap Nyeri Muskuloskeletal pada Perawat di Klinik Kitamura Pontianak Wuriani, Wuriani; Rosa, Elsye Maria; Afandi, Mohammad
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 17, No 1 (2017): January
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v17i1.3679

Abstract

Nyeri muskuloskeletal sering terjadi pada perawat yang memiliki beban kerja yang berat seperti terlalu lama berdiri, lama duduk, lama membungkuk, atau beban yang berat untuk diangkat. Static streching dan perbaikan postur kerja dapat menurunkan risiko nyeri muskulosketal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbaikan postur kerja terhadap nyeri muskuloskeletal pada 15 perawat di klinik Kitamura Pontianak, yang dipilih secara sampling jenuh. Jenis penelitian ini adalah Quasi Eksperiment pre post test without control group design, data berupa skor nyeri dianalisis dengan Nordic Body Map (NBM) pada pada perawat diklinik Kitamura, kemudian memberikan perbaikan postur kerja dengan kursi ergonomi saat merawat luka selama 30 hari berturut-turut, selanjutnya dinilai Nordic Body Map (NBM) kembali menggunakan paired t test. Hasil penelitian ini adalah adanya nyeri leher atas 60% menjadi 0%, agak nyeri leher bawah 80% menjadi 40%, nyeri lengan atas kiri 60% menjadi 26,7% nyeri pinggang 46,7% menjadi 0%, agak nyeri lutut kanan 53,3 % menjadi 6,7% dan agak nyeri betis kiri 40% menjadi 6,7% secara bermakna. Disimpulkan terdapat pengaruh dari perbaikan postur kerja terhadap penurunan nyeri muskuloskeletal.
Pengaruh Virgin Coconut Oil terhadap Kadar Kolesterol, HDL dan LDL Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Yudha, Raditya Purna; Tasminatun, Sri
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 8, No 1(s) (2008): April
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v8i1 (s).1641

Abstract

Recently, cardiovascular disease becomes an obstacle to do a daily activities. VCO is one of the solutions to decrease cholesterol blood score.The aim of this research is to know the influence of VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil) toward cholesterol, LDL and HDL score on Rattus norvegicus. The research design used an experimental laboratory in vivo on animah test which used Rattus norvegicus, Spraque Dawley strain, 2 months age, 130-215g body weight as subject. Twenty rats were divided into 4 groups. Three groups were VCO ’s treatment and 1 group was a control group. Those 3 groups were given three different VCO ’s brand each others orally everyday during 30 days and the formula doses were converted with human dose standard. Then on 31st day, all rats are killed to check the blood score with micro capillary pipe. The blood score were measured by Spectrophotometer and analyzed by ANOVA one way, continued with Tukey Test. Cholesterol and LDL score which given VCO treatment, its score higher than control group. HDL score on the group which given VCO lower than control group. There is not any significant (P 0.05)between the influence of VCO toward Rattus norvegicus’ cholesterol, LDL and HDL score.Akhir-akhir ini penyakit kardiovaskuler dapat mengganggu aktifitas kerja, sehingga manusia mencari jalan keluar untuk mengatasinya. Salah satunya dengan cara menggunakan VCO yang dapat menurunkan kadar kolesterol darah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh VCO (Virgin Coconut Oil) yang berada di pasaran terhadap kadar kolesterol, LDL, dan HDL tikus putih (Rattus norvegicus). Desain penelitian ini adalah penelitian eksperimental in vivo pada hewan uji dengan tikus putih (Rattusnorvegicus) galur SD jantan umur 2 bulan, berat badan 130-215g. Duapuluh ekor tikus putih dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok yaitu: 3 kelompok perlakuan dan 1 kelompok kontrol. Kelompok perlakuan diberi VCO dengan 3 merek berbeda per oral setiap hari selama 30 hari dengan dosis yang dikonversikan dari dosis pada manusia. Pada hari ke 31 tikus dikorbankan, diperiksa darah menggunakan pipa kapiler. Hasil kadar kolesterol diukur menggunakan Spektrofotometri, dan dianalisis menggunakan uji Anova satu jalan dilanjutkan uji Tukey. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar kolesterol dan LDL kelompok perlakuan yang diberi VCO lebih tinggi daripada kelompok kontrol dan secara statistik tidak berbeda secara bermakna (p0,05). KadarHDL kelompok yang diberi VCO lebih rendah daripada kelompok kontrol dan secara statistik juga tidak signifikan (p0,05).
Perbandingan Derajat Keparahan Maloklusi dan Kebutuhan Perawatan Ortodontik pada Remaja Etnik Jawa dan Etnik Cina di Kodya Yogyakarta Setyaningsih, Pipiet
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 7, No 1 (2007)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v7i1.1695

Abstract

Malocclusion is a deviate dental occlusion the numbers and type of the deviation, are varied. The purpose of this study was to obtain the differences of malocclusion severity and orthodontic treatment need between Javanese and Chinese adolescent in Kodya Yogyakarta. The study was carried on 200 subjects consisted of 100 subjects Javanese and 100 subjects Chinese adolescent in Kodya Yogyakarta.The Dental Aesthetic Index was used to measured degree of malocclusion, while the questionnaires in The Dental Aesthetic Index was used to measure the orthodontic treatment need. The t - test was used to find out the differences of malocclusion degree and orthodontic treatment need between Javanese and Chinese adolescent ethnic with significance 0,05. The result showed there were no significant differences neither malocclusion degree nor the orthodontic treatment need between Javanese and Chinese adolescent etnhic in Kodya Yogyakarta (p 0,05). Conclusion: There were no difference about the differences of physic, culture and dietic habit to neither malocclusion degree nor orthodontic treatment need between Javanese and Chinese adolescent ethnic in Kodya Yogyakarta.Maloklusi adalah oklusi gigi geligi yang menyimpang dari normal, penyimpangan tersebut berupa ciri maloklusi yang jumlah dan macamnya bervariasi baik pada tiap individu maupun pada kelompok populasi. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mendapatkan perbedaan keparahan maloklusi dan kebutuhan perawatan ortodontik antara remaja etnik Jawa dan etnik Cina di Kodya Yogyakarta, sehubungan dengan perbedaan fisik, budaya dan kebiasaan makan. Penelitian dilakukan pada 200 subjek yang terdiri dari 100 subjek remaja etnik Jawa dan 100 subjek remaja etnik Cina di Kodya Yogyakarta. Pengukuran keparahan maloklusi dilakukan dengan menggunakan Dental Aesthetic Index. Kebutuhan perawatan ortodontik diukur dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang terdapat dalam Dental Aesthetic Index. Uji t, digunakan untuk mengetahui perbedaan keparahan maloklusi dan kebutuhan perawatan ortodontik antara remaja etnik Jawa dan etnik Cina dengan tingkat kemaknaan 0,05. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tingkat keparahan maloklusi dan kebutuhan perawatan ortodontik antara remaja etnik Jawa dan etnik Cina di Kodya Yogyakarta.
Penggunaan Khelator Besi dalam Terapi Isnatin Miladiyah
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 8, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v8i2.1484

Abstract

Iron is essential for numerous crucial biochemical reactions ranging from cellular respiration in mitochondria to DNA synthesis. Neoplastic cells have a high iron requirement because of their rapid rate ofproliferation. The close linkage between cell proliferation and iron lead to suggestion that iron deprivation could be a useful strategy for inhibition of tumor cell growth. In vitro and in vivo studies showed that iron chelator desferrioxamine (DFO) that has been traditionally used in the treatment of iron overload, showed ability to limit growth of tumor cells. Iron chelators demonstrated ability to inhibit tumor cell growth by their activity to induce apoptosis and inhibit cell cycle progression, particularly the G/S transition. This article reviews role of iron in carcinogenesis and mechanism of actions of iron chelators in the treatment of cancer. Besi berperan dalam berbagai reaksi biokimia penting mulai dari respirasi seluler di mitokondria sampai sintesis DNA. Sel-sel neoplasma membutuhkan besi dalam jumlah besar karena pertumbuhannya cepat. Hubungan erat antara proliferasi sel dengan besi menimbulkan pemikiran bahwa pengurangan kadar besi mungkin dapat menjadi salah satu strategi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan tumor. Khelator besi desferioksamin (DFO) yang secara tradisional telah digunakan secara luas untuk terapi keracunan besi ternyata mampu menghambat pertumbuhan berbagai sel kanker baik in vitro maupun in vivo. Khelator besi mampu menghambat pertumbuhan tumor melalui induksi apoptosis dan hambatan pada siklus sel terutama pada fase G/S. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menelaah lebih lengkap mengenai peran besi dalam proses karsinogenesis dan bagaimana mekanisme keija khelator besi dalam terapi kanker.
Efektifitas Antioksidan Ekstrak Buah Kari (Muraya koenigii) terhadap Kadar Gula Darah Tikus Putih Diabetic Purwoningsih, Emni; Zulfadly, -
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 17, No 2 (2017): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mm.170201

Abstract

Diabetes Militus adalah penyakit metabolisme yang berhubungan dengan gaya hidup dan tingkat stress dengan mengkonsumsi makanan yang tidak sehat, dan kurang berolahraga, serta lingkungan yang berpolusi. Radikal bebas yang sangat reaktif dan tidak stabil di dalam tubuh dapat menyebabkan kerusakan seluler, jaringan dan mutasi gen. daun Kari memiliki konsentrasi antioksidan tertinggi sebesar 322,51 ppm dengan temperature ekstraksi 70. Penelitian ini adalah true experimental pre and post with control group design. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh adalah ada perbedaan kadar gula darah pada kelompok pre test dan posttest  tidak ada perbedaan. Kesimpulan penelitian ini bahwa pemberian ekstrak buah kari pada tikus putih jantan yang diinduksi streptozotosin tidak menurunkan kadar gula darah secara signifikan pada berbagai kelompok perlakuan.
Pengaruh Asupan Susu Kedelai Terhadap Ca Darah Yoni Astuti; Dedy Irawan
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 7, No 2 (s) (2007): Oktober
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v7i2 (s).1658

Abstract

Nowadays, soybean milk is known as the alternative substitute for cow milk. Besides contains of calcium, soybean milk also contains of natural substance that similar to estrogens named phytoestrogen. This substance has thought can help calcium absorption from daily dietary. It is therefore soybean milk believed can prevent osteoporosis. Objectives of this research is to understand the effect of consuming soybean milk to blood calcium level in human. This research used pre test-post test only control group design and T-test statistic test. Subject of this research are 10 men that divided into 2 groups. Each group contains of five men, which the group I as experiment group and group II as control group. Result of this research showed that from the control group, there are three subjects who have blood calcium increase, while two subjects have blood calcium decrease. The average of blood calcium level before experiment is 9,53 mg/dl and after experiment is 9,58 mg/dl. So the average of blood calcium increase in negative control group is 0,05 mg/dl (0,58%). Of experiment group, all subjects have blood calcium increase. The average of blood calcium level before consume soybean milk is 9,71 mg/dl and after consume soybean milk is 11,43 mg/dl. So the average of blood calcium increase in experiment group is 1,72 mg/ dl (17,85%). The result of T-test statistic test which done to compare the effect of the two experiments shows the significant difference of end blood calcium level.Susu kedelai akhir-akhir ini mulai dikenal sebagai susu alternatif pengganti susu sapi. Pada susu kedelai selain mengandung kalsium juga terdapat senyawa alami mirip estrogen yang disebut fitoestrogen. Senyawa ini diperkirakan dapat membantu penyerapan kalsium dari makanan yang dikonsumsi sehari-hari. Karena itulah susu kedelai dipercaya mampu menghambat osteoporosis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh asupan susu kedelai terhadap kadar Ca darah pada manusia. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah pretest -post test only control group design, dengan menggunakan subjek sebanyak 10 orang dan dibagi ke dalam 2 kelompok. Masing-masing kelompok terdiri atas 5 orang dimana kelompok I merupakan kelompok perlakuan sedangkan kelompok II sebagai kelompok kontrol dan telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Setelah didapatkan hasil kemudian dilakukan uji statistik dengan uji analisa T-test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada kelompok kontrol terdapat 3 subjek yang mengalami peningkatan kadar kalsium darah sedangkan 2 subjek lainnya mengalami penurunan. Rerata kadar kalsium darah sebelum penelitian 9,53 mg/dl dan setelah penelitian 9,58 mg/dl. Jadi rerata peningkatan pada kelompok kontrol negatif 0,05 mg/dl (0,58 %). Pada kelompok perlakuan kadar kalsium darah semua subjek mengalami peningkatan. Rerata kadar kalsium darah sebelum pemberian susu kedelai 9,71 mg/dl dan setelah pemberian susu kedelai 11,43 mg/dl. Jadi peningkatannya sebesar 1,72 mg/dl (17,85%). Pada subjek kelompok I yang diberi susu kedelai 200 cc selama 14 hari, peningkatan kadar kalsiumnya lebih besar dari pada kelompok II yang tidak di beri susu kedelai. Hasil uji statistik T-test menujukkan adanya perbedaan nyata (p 0,05) pada kadar kalsium serum darah setelah pemberian susu kedelai.
Karsinoma Sel Squamosa - Sagiran
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 3, No 2 (2003)
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v3i2.1703

Abstract

Squamous cell carcinoma is a non-melanotic skin cancer that commonly found beside basal cell carcinoma. The lesion is specific with the thickening of stratum corneum of the skin. The common predilection is in the face, it can follow the subsequent process of skin trauma. We reported the case of a 60- year old female with a squamous cell carcinoma in her lower lip. She has been suffering from this disease for 5 years, but there is no metastasis. It has been wide-excised, histo-pathologically showed that the margin of excision is tu¬mor-free.Karsinoma sel squamosa adalah salah satu bentuk keganasan kulit non-melanotik yang sering dijumpai, di samping karsinoma sel basal. Lesinya sangat khas dengan adanya penebalan lapisan tanduk. Predileksi yang sering adalah wajah, dapat mengikuti proses penyembuhan pasca trauma. Tulisan ini melaporkan sebuah kasus seorang perempuan 60 tahun dengan karsinoma sel squamosa pada bibir bawah. Penyakitnya sudah diderita 5 tahun, namun tidak didapatkan metastasis. Telah dilakukan eksisi luas, histopatologis menunjukkan tepi irisan bebas dari tumor.
Polymorphism of CYP1A1 (Ile462Val) Gene Related to Uterine Myoma in Malays Ethnicity of South Sumatera Bella Ria Astuti; Ferry Yusrizal; Legiran Legiran
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 20, No 2 (2020): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mm.200249

Abstract

ABSTRACTASSOCIATION BETWEEN CYP1A1 (Ile462Val) GENE POLYMORPHISM AND OCCURANTE OF UTERINE MYOMA IN MALAYS POPULATION IN SOUTH SUMATERA.Bella Ria Astuti1, Ferry Yusrizal2 dan Legiran3Biomedical Science Program, Faculty of Medicine, University Sriwijaya          Background :  Uterine myoma is a tumor in the myometrium. Uterine myoma is a disease associated with interactions between genes, hormones, growth factors, cytokines, and the environment. Myoma has never been found before menarche, whereas after menopause only about 10% of myomas still grow. In general the incidence of uterine myoma is predicted to reach 20-30% in women over 35 years. In Indonesia myoma was found 2.39% - 11.7%. Uterine myomas can cause various symptoms including menometroragia, pelvic pain, spontaneous abortion and infertility. that the growth and development of uterine myomas depends on estrogen. Cytochrome CYP450 system is a group of enzymes involved in biosynthesis of steroid hormones and metabolic activation of carcinogens. CYP1A1 is one of three members of the CYP1 family that plays a role in the metabolism of large numbers of xenobiotics. The purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship of CYP1A1 (Ile462Val) gene polymorphism with the incidence of uterine myoma in ethnic Malays in South Sumatra.          Methods : This study is an observational analytic study with a case control. This research was conducted in February 2019 in the laboratory of molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sriwijaya University. Test the statistics using the chi square test. The study sample used blood samples taken in 70 samples consisting of 35 case samples and 35 control cases. CYP1A1 (Ile462Val) gene polymorphism using the method PCR-RFLP.          Results : There is a relationship between Polymorphism between genotypes and gene alleles CYP1A1 (Ile462Val) with the incidence of uterine myoma in ethnic Malays in South Sumatra. Key words      :  Polymorphism, Gene CYP1A1 (Ile462Val), Uterine leiomyoma.Citations          :  63 (2001-2015)          
Foot Arch and Plantar Pressure in the Age of 17-21 Years Arif Wicaksono; Sasanthy Kusumaningtyas; Angela BM Tulaar
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 21, No 2 (2021): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v21i2.10799

Abstract

Research on the plantar segment has not been widely carried out in Indonesia’s population, even though the plantar segment data will be essential in further research and therapy of plantar-related problems. Therefore, this research intends to describe the plantar profile: the foot arch and the plantar pressure difference between the right and left foot. This research applied a cross-sectional study. Subjects were recruited from the Faculty of Medicine students, Universitas Indonesia, class 2012, with inclusion criteria aged 17-21 years and normal gait. Meanwhile, the exclusion criteria consisted of having postural abnormalities, a history of neuromusculoskeletal disorders in the lower limbs, a history of fractures in the spine and legs, a history of surgery on the spine and legs, and refusing to participate in the study. Research subjects stood on a plantar scanner, conducted at the Anatomy Laboratory, the Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia. The Mann-Whitney test was then used to analyze the difference in plantar pressure between the right and left foot. The results revealed that a hundred research subjects had a proportion of a low foot arch of 4%, a normal foot arch of 89%, and a high foot arch of 7%. The median right plantar pressure was 273.5 KPa, while the median left plantar pressure was 253.5 KPa. The Mann-Whitney test showed a p-value of 0.954 for the pressure difference between right and left foot. There was no plantar pressure difference between the right and left foot.

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