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Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan
Published by Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta
ISSN : 14118033     EISSN : 26140101     DOI : 10.18196/mm
Core Subject : Health,
Health Professions Medicine & Pharmacology
Jurnal Mutiara Medika Fakultas Kedokteran dan Ilmu Kesehatan (MMJKK) Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta is a peer-reviewed and open access journal that focuses on promoting medical sciences generated from basic sciences, clinical, and community or public health research to integrate researches in all aspects of human health.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 934 Documents
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Independent Tendency of ACE2 and GRP78 Expression in SARS-CoV2 Infection Arya Adiningrat; Sekar Hasna Khairunnisa
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 22, No 2 (2022): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v22i2.14731

Abstract

Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV2) is a virus that attacks the respiratory tract and causes the COVID-19 pandemic. This virus utilizes the host receptor as a cellular entry. Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) has been assumed to be the essential host receptor for SARS-CoV2 infection. Furthermore, another costimulatory molecule, such as glucose-related protein 78 (GRP78), has also been reported. However, there are several inconsistent clinical data that could be observed regarding these molecules' involvement during SARS-CoV2 infection. This study aims to observe the possible involvement of ACE2 and GRP78 during the infection phase through gene expression profile analysis. Clinical specimens used in this study were taken in positive and negative clinical samples after the standard swab sampling procedure from both oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal swabs. Subsequently, nucleic acid samples were proceeded by conventional Reverse-Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) to analyze the expression of ACE2 and GRP78. Agarose gel electrophoresis was then performed before the densitometric analysis. Statistical analysis using Mann-Whitney Test and Independent Sample t-Test was applied to justify the gene profile difference between ACE2 and GRP78. Our study suggested the enhancement tendency while they were not statistically significant in both ACE2 and GRP78 expression from the positive SARS-CoV2 samples.
Interrelation between Handwashing and the Severity of COVID-19: A non-representative cross-sectional study Nabila Putri Firdalina; Riry Ambarsarie; Utari Hartati Suryani; Dessy Triana; Nikki Aldi Massardi
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 22, No 2 (2022): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v22i2.14248

Abstract

Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic remains a global issue, including in Indonesia. Handwashing using soap can reduce the viral load of the SARS-CoV-2 virus and prevent coinfection, which can worsen symptoms in COVID-19 patients. This study aims to determine the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and handwashing behavior to the severity of COVID-19. Research using a cross-sectional and retrospective approach was conducted from July to December 2020 in Bengkulu Province. About 107 respondents had been confirmed positive for Covid-19 with the rt-PCR test, aged 17-60 years, and were willing to participate. Knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors were assessed using validated questionnaires and data on the severity of disease obtained from epidemiological forms. The collected data were then analyzed using chi-square statistical tests. 107 respondents had already filled in the questionnaires. The Chi-square test showed no significant association between knowledge (p 0.081), attitude (p 0.216), and behavior (p 0.136) of handwashing to the severity of COVID-19. A good level of knowledge, attitudes and behaviors about handwashing using soap did not adequately affect the severity of covid-19 patients. The good level of knowledge, attitude, and practice of HWUS were not significant enough to affect the severity of the COVID-19 disease.
Diagnostic Value of Gynecologic Ultrasonography as A Malignancy Predictor in Children's Ovarian Tumor Ni Made Putri Suastari; Pande Putu Yuli Anandasari; Putu Patriawan; Ni Nyoman Margiani; Firman Parulian Sitanggang; I Gde Raka Widiana
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 22, No 2 (2022): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v22i2.14389

Abstract

The incidence of ovarian malignancy is rare in children, with proportions between 16-55%. A gynecologic ultrasonography score is expected to increase accuracy and be able to diagnose malignancy earlier. By using a retrospective cross-sectional study design, this study is a diagnostic test to assess ultrasonography examination as a predictor of malignancy with histopathological examination as the gold standard. The study subjects were 45 children admitted from July 2017 to December 2020. Characteristics of the subjects were obtained from medical records, gynecologic ultrasonography images were accessed from PACS, and histopathological results were obtained from SIMARS. The gynecologic ultrasonography images were scored by two observers using a scoring table. Variables assessed consisted of inner wall structure, wall thickness, septa, morphology, tumor vascularization and ascites. The data will then be analyzed, determining the optimal cut-off score, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive value. AUC value of 0.92 using a cut-off ≥14 obtained 15 malignant subjects and 1 benign subject and resulted in a sensitivity of 78.9%, specificity of 96.2%, a positive predictive value of 93.8%, a negative predictive value of 86.2%, and accuracy of 88.89%. It can be concluded that the diagnostic value of gynecologic ultrasonography examination as a predictor of malignant ovarian tumors in children was remarkable.
Nutritional Status of Hospitalized Tuberculosis Patients in South Kalimantan: A Cross-Sectional Study Mohamad Isa; Ira Nurrasyidah; Elok Hikmatun Nikmah; Desi Rahmawaty; Ali Assagaf; Haryati Haryati; Erna Kusumawardhani
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 22, No 2 (2022): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v22i2.15021

Abstract

The burden of tuberculosis (TB) infection is significant in Indonesia. There is likely a substantial link between TB and malnutrition. Anemia, which is linked to TB patient outcomes and length of hospital stay, is another issue that might aggravate the disease. This study aims to identify how common undernutrition and anemia are among tuberculosis patients at the Ulin Regional Hospital in Banjarmasin. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted using medical record data from 31 hospitalized tuberculosis patients from September to December 2021. Data of weight, height, body mass index (BMI), Hemoglobin (Hb) and blood albumin level at admission were analyzed. The result showed that tuberculosis cases were mostly found in males (61.3%) aged 20-60 years (83.9%). There were 42% of patients with undernutrition (BMI 18.5), 93.5% with anemia, and 71% with hypoalbuminemia. Rifampicin resistance was found in 38.7% of all patients, with 58.3% malnutrition, 100% anemia, and 50% hypoalbuminemia. Thus, there was a possible link between tuberculosis and undernutrition condition. Screening, early diagnosis, and treatment for undernutrition, anemia, and hypoalbuminemia should be encouraged in patients with tuberculosis, whether they are susceptible or resistant to rifampicin, to lower the burden of the disease.
Prognostic Value of Albumin Levels before Therapy on Survival of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients Dita Ria Selvyana; Susanna Hilda Hutajulu; Johan Kurnianda; Fitria Nurul Hidayah
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 22, No 2 (2022): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v22i2.13893

Abstract

Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a type of cancer in Southeast Asia, with 30-80 cases annually per 10,000 population. Based on the data, about 80% of patients with advanced-stage are diagnosed first, while 20% develop metastases after therapy. A prognostic assessment is essential for the optimization of treatment. Malnutrition is one of the consequences of decreased response to treatment, quality of life, and survival. The patient's albumin determines nutrition. This study was a retrospective study to evaluate the ability of pre-therapy albumin levels to predict long-term mortality in 227 NPC patients at Dr. Sardjito Hospital. Univariate analysis identified albumin as a statistically significant predictive factor for survival (P 0.021). Albumin (ALB) 3.50 was significantly associated with shorter survival. Median Overall Survival showed (OS) ± SE ALB 3.50 vs. ALB 3.50: 9.40 ± 2.56 vs. 17.63 ± 1.51 months, P 0.021, Hazard Ratio (HR) 1.368; 95% CI (1.049–1.783). However, multivariate analysis showed low serum albumin levels before therapy on survival in NPC patients (P 0.778, HR 1.050, 95% CI (0.75–1.469). Treatment was identified as the only independent predictive factor for survival. Albumin before therapy was a potential predictive biomarker to evaluate survival in NPC patients but not an independent predictor.
Knowledge, Attitude, and Behavior of Tanjungpura University Undergraduate Students towards Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Imelda Dana Bella Ayu Fernanda; Sari Eka Pratiwi; Delima Fajar Liana
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 22, No 2 (2022): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v22i2.14470

Abstract

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is the most frequent head and neck cancer. The incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma significantly increased. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is associated with risk factors linked to a lifestyle that usually begins in adolescence and young adulthood, such as undergraduate students. This research identifies undergraduate students' knowledge, attitude, and behavior about nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The study used a descriptive study with a cluster sampling method. As many as 100 undergraduate students from 8 faculties in Tanjungpura University filled out a questionnaire and analyzed using a statistical program with a descriptive statistical test. As much as  82% of respondents had received information about nasopharyngeal carcinoma from various sources. Knowledge was divided into 3 categories of levels, namely good (76-100% correct), fair (56-75% correct), and poor (56%). At the same time, attitude and behavior were divided into positive (score20) and negative (score20). The test results showed that the level of knowledge of the undergraduate students of 52% was good, the attitude was 100% positive, and the behavior was 100% positive. Therefore, undergraduate students at Tanjungpura University had good knowledge, a positive attitude, and positive behavior toward nasopharyngeal carcinoma. This study implies that adequate information is important in determining knowledge, attitudes, and behavior towards nasopharyngeal carcinoma.
Analysis of Post-Immunization Incidence of Covid-19 Vaccine in Health Personnel in Mataram City Yul Khaidir; Sastrawan Sastrawan; Lalu Sulaiman
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 22, No 2 (2022): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v22i2.13466

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the post-immunization co-occurrence or side effects of the Covid-19 vaccine on health personnel in Mataram City. This study is qualitative descriptive research. The informants in this study were 39 health personnel in the city of Mataram. The number of samples was determined using Snowball sampling, which stopped when the data were completed. The inclusion criteria included health personnel who had received the Covid-19 vaccination. Primary data were obtained from direct interviews and questionnaires using Google Forms. The results of this study indicated that not all health personnel experienced side effects after vaccination. In the 1st vaccine, 26 (56.41%) people experienced side effects, while 13 (43.59%) did not. The side effects experienced included drowsiness in 19 (37.25%) people, aches in 12 (23.53%) people, dizziness in 4 (7.84%) people, and mild fever in 7 (13.73%) people. In the 2nd vaccine, only 18 (50%) people experienced side effects. 11 (44.00%) felt drowsy, 4 (16.00%) had aches, and 5 (20.00%) had dizziness. The side effects experienced were classified as mild, so they did not require intensive and self-limited treatment.
Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing in Patient with Tetanus Followed by Myasthenia Gravis as its Complication Muyassaroh Muyassaroh; Rachma Purnama Sari; Rery Budiarti
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 22, No 2 (2022): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v22i2.12221

Abstract

Flexible Endoscopic Evaluation of Swallowing (FEES) provides direct visualization of the pharynx and larynx immediately before and after a swallow in a patient with dysphagia. Dysphagia is the difficulty in swallowing solid or liquid food. It is a symptom of an underlying disease like tetanus and myasthenia gravis. This case report showed the important role of FEES in patients with dysphagia due to tetanus followed by myasthenia gravis as its complication. A 58-year-old man had complaints of severe difficulty in swallowing followed by complaints of fever and whole body seizures, which supported the diagnosis of tetanus. In the course of the disease, symptoms and the results of supporting examinations indicated the presence of myasthenia gravis. Comprehensive management had done with colleagues in internal medicine, neurology and medical rehabilitation. That condition improved and the complaints disappeared after one month. It can be concluded that FEES played an important role in diagnosing dysphagia. It could identify the modification of food consistencies and therapeutic maneuvers to prevent an aspiration for a patient with dysphagia as the early symptom of tetanus which caused neurotransmitter damage that broke muscle nerve junctions. It is also one of the predisposing factors for autoimmune conditions in myasthenia gravis. Correct diagnosis and comprehensive management give a better improvement for the disease.
Interactions of Heavy Metals on Enzymes in Carbohydrate Metabolism: In silico study on glucokinase and pyruvate kinase Akmal Rizky Harun; Siti Ratna Jinan F; Bambang Setiawan; Noer Komari
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 22, No 2 (2022): July
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v22i2.14904

Abstract

Cadmium (Cd2+) and mercury (Hg2+) are heavy metals, which can cause chronic inflammation, oxidative stress, obesity, hyperglycemia, and diabetes. Exposure to heavy metals cadmium and mercury can interfere with glycolysis metabolic functions through the inactivation of two key enzymes: glucokinase (GK) and pyruvate kinase (PyK). However, pathomechanism is unknown. Based on the background, this research was conducted. Enzyme structures were obtained from the RCSB Protein Data Bank (http://www.rcsb.org) with the following codes, GK (GDP ID: 3IDH) and PyK (GDP ID: 4IP7). The interaction between Cd and Hg with this enzyme was used via the MIB site: Metal Ion Binding site prediction and docking server (http://bioinfo.cmu.edu.tw/MIB/). Next, the target protein's interaction between metal ions and amino acids was visualized on UCSF Chimera 1.15. Based on the research results, the metal ion bond of mercury was more reactive than cadmium based on the number of amino acid residues bound. The bond was stronger based on a lower distance with PyK and GK enzymes. Therefore, mercury and cadmium metal ions were considered to inhibit the glycolysis process by causing the inactivation of the two enzymes.
Cutaneous Manifestations of Breast Cancer Patients in Combination with Capecitabine and Lapatinib Chemotherapy Nita Damayanti Sulistianingrum; Niken Indrastuti; Yohanes Widodo Wirohadidjojo
Mutiara Medika: Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan Vol 23, No 1 (2023): January
Publisher : Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18196/mmjkk.v23i1.12276

Abstract

The combination of chemotherapy with lapatinib and capecitabine in human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive breast cancer is quite effective. The combination of these two agents increases the risk of dermatological toxicities. A woman, 38 years old, HER2 positive breast cancer with a combination of chemotherapy agents between lapatinib and capecitabine gives an overview of skin toxicities such as acneiform eruptions, palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia (PPE), and paronychia. Therapy, in this case, aims at clinical improvement. The combination of lapatinib and capecitabine has a side effect profile like each drug. Combined use of the two agents increases the incidence of skin side effects, including acneiform eruptions, PPE, and paronychia, compared to monotherapy. Early awareness of the side effects of chemotherapeutic agents is needed for early treatment to prevent the worsening of the condition and discontinuation of chemotherapeutic agents due to drug side effects.

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