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INDONESIA
Jurnal Florea
Published by Universitas PGRI Madiun
ISSN : 23556102     EISSN : 25020404     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology
Florea: Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya with registered number ISSN 2355-6102 (Print); ISSN 2502-0404 (Online) is scientific journals which publish articles from the fields of biology and biology education.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 286 Documents
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Leaf Morphology and Anatomy of Sonneratia alba Growing at Different Salinity Habitat in Pangandaran Coastal, West Java Rahma Fadia Haya; Rusdi Hasan; Suparman
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i1.24383

Abstract

Mangrove ecosystems are coastal ecosystems strongly influenced by salinity, which affects plant adaptation. Pangandaran Regency has mangrove areas with different salinity conditions that may influence the morphological and anatomical characteristics of Sonneratia alba Sm. This study aimed to analyze leaf area and thickness, stomatal characteristics, trichomes, chlorophyll content, and salt accumulation in Sonneratia alba leaves from Bulaksetra and Bojongsalawe. A qualitative and  quantitative approach was used through leaf morphological and anatomical analysis, as well as measurements of chlorophyll content and salt concentration. The results showed that leaf area and thickness did not differ significantly between locations. Stomatal density was significantly lower under high salinity (28.841 cells/mm²) compared to low salinity (40.765 cells/mm²) (p = 0.024), and chlorophyll content was also lower under high salinity (32.167 CCI) compared to low salinity (47.333 CCI) (p = 0.011). Unicellular non-glandular trichomes were found on the adaxial leaf surface of Sonneratia alba, helping reduce water loss and light exposure. Salt accumulation was higher under high salinity as an adaptive mechanism to maintain osmotic balance and reduce toxicity. Sonneratia alba shows ecophysiological plasticity in response to salinity through physiological and anatomical adjustments, especially in stomata and chlorophyll content. These findings highlight the importance of adaptive mechanisms Sonneratia alba for mangrove conservation and rehabilitation in coastal areas.
Growth Inhibition and Proline Accumulation in Canavalia ensiformis under Salinity Stress Sri Mulyaningsih; Sifa Arofah; Rifaatul Muthmainnah
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i1.24384

Abstract

Jack bean (Canavalia ensiformis L.) is a legume with considerable potential as an alternative food source due to its high protein and carbohydrate content and its ability to improve soil fertility. However, its cultivation remains limited, particularly on marginal lands such as saline soils that are increasingly expanding due to seawater intrusion and improper irrigation. Soil salinity inhibits plant growth by causing osmotic and ionic stress while triggering proline accumulation as a physiological adaptation. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of salinity stress (NaCl) on the morphological growth and proline content of jack bean plants. The experiment was conducted in Singkup Village, Pasirwangi District, Garut, from April 26 to June 10, 2025, using a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five NaCl concentrations (0, 1500, 2500, 3500, and 5000 ppm) and five replications. Observed parameters included plant height, leaf number, root length, fresh weight, and proline content. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed that NaCl significantly affected all growth parameters. Growth inhibition was most pronounced at 5000 ppm, whereas optimal growth occurred at 0 ppm. Conversely, proline content increased with higher NaCl concentrations, indicating the plant’s adaptive response to salinity stress. Overall, jack bean growth declined significantly at NaCl levels above 2500 ppm, accompanied by increased proline accumulation. These findings provide insights for developing legume cultivation strategies on saline soils
Experiential Learning Model to Enhance Environmental Literacy Competence in High School Students Rio Christy Handziko; Muhammad Cahya Nugraha
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i1.24387

Abstract

The objectives of this research are to evaluate the potential of an Adiwiyata (Eco-school) public high school environment in Yogyakarta as a learning resource for biodiversity topics; to observe the ratio of teacher and student activities in the teaching and learning process using the experiential learning model; to examine the influence of the experiential learning model in facilitating students' learning styles; and to determine the improvement of students' environmental literacy competencies in the domains of knowledge, cognition, and communication within the biodiversity curriculum. This study was conducted with 10th-grade students using a purposive sampling technique involving both experimental and control classes. Data were collected through observations of learning resource potential, documentation, pretest-posttest, interviews, learning implementation records, teacher-student activity ratios, group communication assessments, and the distribution of environmental attitude questionnaires. Data were analyzed using an independent sample t-test via SPSS 30.0 for Windows. The results indicate that the high school environment possesses significant potential as a learning resource, the experiential learning model enhances student engagement, all student learning styles are effectively accommodated, and learning through direct interaction with biological study objects is proven effective in improving students' environmental literacy skills.
Arecaceae Diversity In Sambik Bangkol Village, North Lombok Regency, Indonesia Slamet Mardiyanto Rahayu; Syuhriatin
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i1.24390

Abstract

This research investigates the diversity of Arecaceae (palm) species in Sambik Bangkol Village, North Lombok Regency. The research was carried out using observation methods on the landscape of Sambik Bangkol Village. Species identification and individual counting were carried out. Then an analysis of the Shannon-Wiener species diversity index was carried out. A field survey in Sambik Bangkol Village identified fifteen distinct species, namely: Areca catechu, Arenga pinnata, Calamus manan, Caryota mitis, Cocos nucifera, Corypha utan, Cyrtostachys renda, Dypsis lutescens, Hyophorbe lagenicaulis, Licuala grandis, Phoenix dactylifera, Rhapis excelsa, Roystonea regia, Salacca zalacca, and Wodyetia bifurcata. Data analysis yielded a diversity index of 1.77, placing the area’s palm diversity in the moderate category. Moderate species diversity reflects the stability and resilience of the community, with each species playing an important role in maintaining overall ecosystem function. This allows the ecosystem to remain productive and able to adapt to small changes without experiencing significant disruption.
Biosystematics and Morphological Variation of Selected Syzygium Species (Myrtaceae) from Ternate Island, Indonesia Suparman; Fitria M Saleh; Zulkifli Ahmad; Marheny Lukitasari; Rusdi Hasan
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i1.24396

Abstract

The genus Syzygium (Myrtaceae) is one of the most diverse groups of tropical woody plants, characterized by high morphological variation and complex taxonomy. This study aimed to investigate the biosystematics, spatial distribution, and phenetic relationships of Syzygium species on Ternate Island, Indonesia, using morphological and multivariate approaches. Field exploration was conducted across five districts, and morphological data were collected from both vegetative and reproductive organs. A total of eight species were recorded, exhibiting heterogeneous distribution patterns ranging from widespread to localized occurrences. Multivariate analyses, including hierarchical cluster analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), revealed consistent phenetic relationships, separating the species into two major groups. The first two principal components accounted for 78.62% of the total variation, with fruit-related characters—particularly fruit size and flesh thickness—identified as the main determinants of species grouping. A dichotomous key based on diagnostic morphological traits was developed to facilitate accurate species identification. These findings highlight the importance of reproductive characters, especially fruit morphology, in species delimitation within Syzygium. This study provides a valuable baseline for taxonomy, biodiversity assessment, and conservation, and underscores the continued relevance of morphology-based biosystematics in tropical plant research.
Analysis of Students' 6C Skills Based on the Implementation of the Independent Curriculum on Ecosystem Material in Class X of PAB 8 Saentis Senior High School, Percut Sei Tuan Aura Andyta; Hasruddin
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i2.23238

Abstract

This study investigates the development of 21st-century skills (6C) critical thinking, creativity, collaboration, communication, character, and citizenship among tenth grade students of SMA Swasta  PAB  8  Saentis  through  the  implementation of  the Independent Curriculum in the ecosystem topic. A quantitative descriptive approach was employed, utilizing tests, questionnaires, and classroom observations involving 61 randomly selected students from five classes. The results indicate that critical thinking and creativity skills reached an average score of 44%, categorized as “fair,” whereas communication (88%), collaboration (83%), character (84%), and citizenship (83%) were classified as “very good.” Observation data also revealed that collaboration and creativity skills averaged 70%, falling into the “good” category. These findings suggest that the Independent Curriculum has effectively fostered students’ social and character skills, yet cognitive dimensions such as critical thinking and creativity remain underdeveloped. To address this gap, the study recommends the consistent application of project-based and collaborative learning strategies as  a  means  to  strengthen analytical abilities and enhance students’ creative thinking in a more comprehensive manner.
The Effect of Teams Games Tournament Learning Model Assisted by Snakes and Ladders Game on Learning Outcomes in Human Circulatory System Material at SMA Negeri 1 Delitua Evi Bunga Kirani; Herkules
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i2.23310

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of the Teams Games Tournament (TGT) cooperative learning model assisted by the Snakes and Ladders game on students' learning outcomes regarding the human circulatory system at SMA Negeri 1 Delitua. The research employed a quasi-experimental method using a Non-equivalent Control Group Design involving 71 eleventh-grade students divided into an experimental group (TGT with Snakes and Ladders) and a control group (direct instruction). Learning outcomes were measured using pre-test and post-test instruments and analyzed through ANCOVA. The results showed that the TGT model assisted by the Snakes and Ladders game had a statistically significant positive effect on students’ learning outcomes compared to direct instruction, with higher post-test scores and a large effect size (η² = 0.146). The experimental group also demonstrated greater learning gains and a more uniform distribution of student performance, indicating that lower-performing students benefited from the collaborative and game-based activities. In conclusion, integrating traditional game-based media into the TGT learning model is an effective and innovative strategy for improving biology learning outcomes, particularly in complex topics such as the human circulatory system.
Dillapiole-Rich Piper aduncum L.: Phytochemistry, Bioactivity, and Pharmaceutical Applications – A Systematic Review Yahya Febrianto; Erindyah Retno Wikantyasning; Ratna Yuliana
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i2.24389

Abstract

The growing interest in the development of phytopharmaceuticals derived from traditional medicinal plants has driven in-depth exploration of Piper aduncum L., a species with diverse therapeutic potential that has not yet been systematically consolidated. This systematic review aims to identify, analyze, and synthesize recent scientific evidence regarding the phytochemical constituents, pharmacological activities, and pharmaceutical development prospects of P. aduncum based on publications from 2021 to 2025. The study adopted the PRISMA 2020 framework, conducting a comprehensive search across five electronic databases using a combination of keywords related to the phytochemistry and pharmacology of P. aduncum. Literature selection was performed through three stages, resulting in six articles that met the inclusion criteria, consisting of two in vivo studies, three laboratory experimental studies, and one systematic review. Methodological quality assessment was conducted using the Modified Downs and Black Checklist and the SYRCLE’s Risk of Bias Tool, followed by systematic data extraction and qualitative narrative synthesis. The findings indicate that dillapiole is the predominant component of the essential oil, with concentrations ranging from 77.6–85.5%, exhibiting antiparasitic, acaricidal, antimycobacterial, immunomodulatory, and anti-inflammatory activities through mechanisms involving modulation of detoxification enzymes and intestinal microbiota. The development of nanocarrier systems has produced stable nanometric formulations with an excellent safety profile for topical applications. This review confirms the significant potential of P. aduncum as a candidate for the development of biopesticides, alternative antimicrobial agents, and phytogenic feed additives. However, further translational research is required, including extraction standardization, investigation of molecular mechanisms, pharmacokinetic–pharmacodynamic studies, long-term toxicological evaluation, and clinical trials to validate efficacy and safety prior to therapeutic application in humans.
Assessing Creative Thinking in Biology: The Role of Motivation and Open- Ended Tasks Nurkhairo Hidayati; Iffa Ichwani Putri; Nurul Fauziah; Heny Nurdiana; Andi Andariana
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i2.24420

Abstract

Creative thinking is an essential competency in 21st-century education, particularly in biology learning, where many problems require open-ended exploration and multiple perspectives. This study aims to analyze students’ creative thinking in responding to open-ended biology tasks and to examine the relationship between learning motivation and the quality of their creative responses. A mixed-method approach with a descriptive design was employed, involving 252 Grade 11 students from two public senior high schools in Pekanbaru. Data were collected using a 12-item open-ended creative thinking test based on four indicators (fluency, flexibility, risk-taking, and elaboration) and a learning motivation questionnaire based on the ARCS model. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation, while qualitative analysis was conducted to examine patterns of students’ responses. The results indicate that students demonstrate relatively strong performance in fluency and flexibility, suggesting their ability to generate ideas and consider multiple perspectives. However, their performance in risk-taking is relatively low, indicating limited willingness to propose unconventional ideas. The elaboration of responses also varies among students. Furthermore, the correlation analysis shows no significant relationship between learning motivation and creative thinking (r = 0.034, p = 0.591), suggesting that motivation does not directly predict the quality of creative responses. Therefore, it can be concluded that fostering creative thinking requires not only enhancing students’ motivation but also providing learning environments that support idea exploration, intellectual risk-taking, and deeper reasoning through open-ended tasks.
The Influence of Kahoot! on Students’ Motivation and Learning Outcomes at SMAN 1 Percut Sei Tuan, Medan Monica Junita Pangaribuan; Herbert Sipahutar
Florea : Jurnal Biologi dan Pembelajarannya Vol. 13 No. 2 (2026)
Publisher : UNIVERSITAS PGRI MADIUN

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25273/florea.v13i2.24469

Abstract

This study aims to determine the effect of using the interactive learning media Kahoot! on students’ motivation and learning outcomes at SMAN 1 Percut Sei Tuan, Medan. The research employed a quasi-experimental method with a pretest-posttest control group design. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The sample consisted of two classes: Class XI IPA 5 as the experimental group using Kahoot! and Class XI IPA 4 as the control group using conventional learning, each consisting of 35 students. The research instruments included a 34 item learning motivation questionnaire and a 30-item multiple-choice test. Data were analyzed using an independent samples t-test and linear regression analysis. The t-test results showed a significant effect (Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.001 < 0.05) on students’ motivation and learning outcomes in the experimental class. Furthermore, linear regression analysis showed that Kahoot! had a significant positive effect on students’ motivation, with regression coefficients of 0.839 and 0.693, and on learning outcomes, with coefficients of 0.869 and 0.862 (p < 0.05). Based on hypothesis testing and regression analysis, it can be concluded that the use of Kahoot! positively influences students’ motivation and learning outcomes at SMAN 1 Percut Sei Tuan, Medan.

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