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Biospecies
Published by Universitas Jambi
ISSN : 19790902     EISSN : 25030426     DOI : 10.22437
Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Immunology & microbiology
The journal specializes in tropical biology research with a multidisciplinary scope encompassing zoology, botany, microbiology, ecology, environmental science, biotechnology, bioinformatics, and evolutionary biology. Distinct from conventional biology journals, BIOSPECIES emphasizes the integration of biodiversity research with indigenous knowledge systems and innovative approaches rooted in tropical ecosystems.
Arjuna Subject : Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Semua) - Ilmu Pertanian dan Biologi (Lain-Lain)
Articles 258 Documents
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PENGARUH BERBAGAI MACAM EMPON DAN SINBIOTIK TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN LARVA UDANG PUTIH (Litopenaeus vannamei) Sumardi, Sumardi; Handayani, Kusuma; Susanto, Gregorius Nugroho; Ayuandira, Niken; Prihadhi, Eka
Biospecies Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): Januari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/biospecies.v18i1.36951

Abstract

The global market demand for vaname shrimp in Indonesia is increasing every year. Vannamei shrimp is a mainstay of fisheries commodities. Cultivators often encounter vibriosis disease caused by Vibrio sp. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the quality of the feed by adding supplements from synbiotics and empon-empon. This study aims to determine the effect of synbiotics and empon-empon on the growth of white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) larvae in controlling Vibrio sp. Parameters measured included daily length growth, survival, water quality, total bacteria, and total vibrio. Water quality and total bacteria are growth-supporting factors. The treatments consisted of positive control (C+), negative control (C-), Synbiotic 1 (S1), Synbiotic 2 (S2), Synbiotic 3 (S3), Synbiotic 4 (S4), and empon-empon (E). The synbiotics used were Bacillus sp 1x 1010. as a probiotic, 2 ppm yam paste as a prebiotic and 1 ppm  ginger, 1 ppm white turmeric, and 1 ppm black cumin. And the combination of the three types of empon-empon with a concentration of 0.5 ppm (treatment S4 and E). The results showed that the S2 treatment had a significant effect (P>0.05) on the daily length of the fry with an average of 0.05±0.06 mm. The S4 treatment had a significant effect on survival with a percentage of 83.6%. The lowest total Vibrio was shown in the S4 treatment with a value of 0.45±0.5 logs CFU/ml. The total density of bacteria was shown in the S2.treatment with a value of 2.28 ±log CFU/ml.
UJI ANGKA LEMPENG TOTAL DAN ANGKA KAPANG KHAMIR PADA Pleurotus ostreatus DAN Ganoderma lucidum Putri, Amanda Nabila; Setiawati, Asti Anwar; Masruuroh, Dina; Absani, Afriyanti Rifqi; Surahmaida, Surahmaida; Lestari, Kinanti Ayu Puji; Yuliarni, Floreta Fiska
Biospecies Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): Januari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/biospecies.v18i1.36424

Abstract

Mushrooms are a source of antioxidants. Mushrooms can be processed into various products. Both raw materials and finished products from mushrooms must comply with established standards. The aim of this research was to determine the total plate count and total fungal count in Ganoderma lucidum and Pleurotus ostreatus samples. The method used is the Total Plate Count (TPC) and Total Fungal Count (TFC). The TPC value in G. lucidum was 6.4 x 106 CFU/g and TFC was 3.9 x 105 CFU/g. This value exceeds the BPOM maximum standard for tea products or herbal brews. The TPC value in P. ostreatus was 1.2 x 105 CFU/g and TFC was 4.9 x 105 CFU/g. The TPC value for P. ostreatus is less than the maximum standard set by BPOM, while the TFC value exceeds the maximum standard for powder or mixture of soup and broth. The conclusion of this research is that the TPC and TFC in the G. lucidum and P. ostreatus samples exceed the standards set by BPOM No. 13 of 2019 except for the TPC in the P. ostreatus sample.
AKTIVITAS EKOENZIM KULIT NANAS (Ananas comosus (L). MERR) VARIETAS TANGKIT SEBAGAI ANTISEPTIK ALAMI TERHADAP Escherichia coli DAN Staphylococcus aureus Pratama, Hefzi Prasetyo Azri; Syah, Putri Indriaty; Royhan, Ibnu; Maritsa, Hasna Ul; Yusuf, Ashif Irvan
Biospecies Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): Januari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/biospecies.v18i1.36701

Abstract

Bacteria are one of the causes of disease in humans, there are various types of bacteria in the environment that can infect humans either directly or by vectors. Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria are bacteria that are often found in everyday life. One effective effort to fight these bacteria is to wash hands with cleaning agents. One of the natural cleaners that can be used as hand soap is ecoenzyme from pineapple skin because it contains antibacterial substances such as vitamin C, Carotenoids and Flavonoids. In addition, pineapple skin also contains tannins, saponins, phenols, carbohydrates, terpenoids, alkaloids, phenols, anthraquinones, and amino acids. In addition to having a rich content of secondary metabolite compounds, pineapple skin is also not utilized so that pineapple skin waste is widely found. This makes pineapple skin waste very suitable to be processed into ecoenzymes and used as antibacterial cleaning agents. The purpose of this study was to determine the ability of pineapple ecoenzyme to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria and to determine the effectiveness value of pineapple ecoenzyme in inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. The method used in this study was the test of ecoenzyme inhibition activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria using discs. There were 4 treatments, namely 25%, 50%, 75%, 100% ecoenzyme and 4 replications were made. Based on the results of the study, it is known that the effectiveness of pineapple peel waste ecoenzyme has a weak category with the highest concentration inhibiting Escherichia coli bacteria of 4.75 mm at a concentration of 100%, while Staphylococcus aureus bacteria had 2.75 mm at a concentration of 75%. The 70% alcohol control has an inhibitory power against both bacteria which is still higher than Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus bacteria. 
Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Fungi Pyricularia oryzae Penyebab Penyakit Blast pada Tanaman Padi Astriawati, Fitri; Anfa, Qurrotul
Biospecies Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): Januari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/biospecies.v18i1.38524

Abstract

Blast disease caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae is one of the major diseases in rice plants (Oryza sativa) that can significantly reduce crop yields. This research aims to isolate and characterize P. oryzae macroscopically and microscopically. This study is exploratory research. The research methods include sampling leaves and stems of rice plants showing blast symptoms, isolating the fungus from infected plant tissues, and characterizing the macroscopic and microscopic features of the isolated fungi. The results showed that P. oryzae grown on PDA medium has colonies that are round with smooth edges, a velvety surface texture, light gray to dark gray with a blackish center, and white to gray concentric ring-like margins. Microscopically, the fungi P. oryzae produce asexual spores known as conidia that are pyriform in shape with two septa dividing the conidia into three cells. The conidia are attached to the tips or branches of conidiophores. The conidiophores of P. oryzae are transparent to brownish, tubular, long filaments, septate, and thicker at the base. This identification provides important information for more effective control of blast disease and the development of sustainable disease management strategies
PRODUKTIVITAS SERASAH MANGROVE DI PERAIRAN KAWAL KABUPATEN BINTAN Anggriani, Anggriani; Azizah, Diana; Kurniawan, Dedy
Biospecies Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): Januari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/biospecies.v18i1.38689

Abstract

 Research on the productivity of mangrove litter in the Kawal Waters of Bintan Regency. The purpose of this study is to determine the production and decomposition rate of mangrove litter as well as the relationship between mangrove conditions and litter production in the Kawal Waters of Bintan Regency. This research was conducted in July - August 2024. The method used was direct field survey. The location determination method used random sampling of 20 points scattered in the Kawal Waters. The litter sampling method used traps with litter traps measuring 1 m × 1 m, with 3 placed diagonally. Measurement of canopy cover density and mangrove litter was conducted using plots measuring 10 m × 10 m. The types of mangroves found in Kawal Waters are 9 species, namely Rhizophora stylosa, Rhizophora apiculata, Rhizophora mucronata, Bruguiera cylindrica, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Scyphiphora hydrophylacea, Lumnitzera littorea, Xylocarpus granatum, and Sonneratia alba. From 20 research points, a density value ranging from 1000 ind/ha to 4700 ind/ha was obtained, with an average of 2980 ind/ha. The canopy cover at the research locations ranged from 46.45% to 87.85%, with an average of 66.73%. Based on Kepmen LH No. 201 of 2004, the density in Kawal Waters is classified as moderate to good, while the canopy cover is classified as sparse to good. The rate of mangrove litter production at 20 research points has an average of 12.83 g/m²/day, with leaf production at 9.15 g/m²/day, twig production at 0.28 g/m²/day, and fruit/flower production at 3.40 g/m²/day. The decomposition of litter obtained a value of 26% for the average of all sampling points. The results of the regression analysis to determine the relationship between mangrove conditions, namely density and percentage cover, and litter production obtained an R value of 0.953, which has a very strong correlation coefficient relationship.
PENGARUH RENDAMAN AKAR PASAK BUMI (Eurycoma longifolia) TERHADAP MASKULINISASI IKAN CUPANG (Betta splendens) Rudini, Mahmud; Kuswanto, Eko; Listiana, Ika; Prathama, Achmad Yoga
Biospecies Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): Januari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/biospecies.v18i1.36464

Abstract

Male betta fish have high commercial value as they are highly favored by many people. Efforts to increase the number of male fish can be carried out through masculinization. This research used a quantitative approach with an experimental method, employing a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) consisting of five treatments and three replications. The highest percentage of male betta fish was obtained in treatment P3, reaching 63.77%, while the lowest percentage was found in the negative control (K-), at 38.75%. Masculinization of betta fish through immersion in Eurycoma longifolia root extract resulted in the highest percentage of male fish when soaked for 8 hours, increasing the sex ratio by 25.02% compared to the untreated control (negative control). Meanwhile, the percentage difference between soaking in Eurycoma longifolia root extract for 8 hours at a concentration of 20 mg/L and administering 17alpha-methyltestosterone for 4 hours at a concentration of 2 mg/L (positive control) was 6.38%. The immersion method with different durations had a significant effect on the percentage of male betta fish. The best soaking duration was found in treatment P1, with a soaking time of 2 hours, resulting in the highest betta fish survival rate of 85% and a male percentage of 62.66%.
TINGKAT KEBERHASILAN PENETASAN TELUR PENYU LEKANG (Lepidochelys olivacea) DI PANTAI PELANGI BANTUL, DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA Saputri, Ira Dyah; Budiantoro, Agung
Biospecies Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): Januari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/biospecies.v18i1.41009

Abstract

One type of sea turtle that often lands to lay eggs on the South coast of the Special Region of Yogyakarta is the Olive Ridley turtle (Lepidochelys olivacea). The last study on the hatching success rate of olive ridley turtles on Pelangi Beach in 2019 was only in semi-natural nests. Currently, on Pelangi Beach, hatching has begun using sand media placed in buckets to avoid rain. This study aims to analyze the comparison of the hatching success rate of olive ridley turtle eggs in semi-natural nests with buckets and environmental factors that support hatching success at Pelangi Beach, Bantul Regency, DIY. The method used is direct observation of the hatching rate from semi-natural methods and buckets with four nests each. Descriptive analysis was carried out to compare the hatching results in the semi-natural nest method with the bucket container nest. Environmental factors in both methods were observed during the incubation process till hach and then compared to determine the differences in environmental factors between methods. The results showed that the percentage of hatching success rate of Olive Ridley turtle eggs was higher in the bucket hatching method (79.00 ± 14.48%), compared to the semi-natural hatching method (74.11 ± 15.84%). Environmental factors between semi-natural and bucket methods in the form of pH, Temperature are not significantly different while the humidity in the bucket is higher than in the semi-natural nest. The results of the study can be concluded that the hatching method using a bucket container is better than using a semi-natural nest, this is because the humidity in the bucket container method is optimally maintained than in a semi-natural nest.
Insect Biodiversity In Tiger Camp, Lubuk Minturun: Padang, Indonesia Zulyusri, Zulyusri; Putri, Zulgusma Aulia
Biospecies Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): Januari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/biospecies.v18i1.37194

Abstract

This study aims to explore insect diversity in the Tiger Camp area, Padang, through the analysis of three main indices: Diversity Index (H'), Dominance Index (D), and Balance Index (E). Data were collected through intensive field surveys, using insecnet (sweep net) and hand shorting insect capture methods. The results of the study obtained 117 individuals, 59 species, 22 families, and 6 orders which showed that the Diversity Index (H') in the Tiger Camp area was 3.79, indicating a high level of species diversity. The Dominance Index (D) value of 0.03 indicates that no species significantly dominated the insect community. The Equilibrium Index (E) of 0.97 indicated a very even distribution of insect individuals among different species. These findings indicate that the insect community at Tiger Camp, Padang, has high diversity and good ecological stability. The high values of diversity and balance, as well as low dominance, indicate that the habitat in this area supports a healthy and sustainable environment for a variety of insect species. This study highlights the importance of natural habitat conservation to maintain biodiversity and ecosystem balance in the area.
Kerapatan dan Tutupan Kanopi Mangrove di Perairan Sei Nyirih Pulau Bintan Firmansyah, Dandy; Azizah, Diana; Susiana, Susiana
Biospecies Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): Januari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/biospecies.v18i1.38768

Abstract

Sei Nyirih is a river located between Madong Village and Sei Nyirih Village. The area has a mangrove ecosystem that is utilized by the government as a mangrove educational tourism area and utilized by the local community as a fishing area. This study aims to determine the density level of mangrove species and determine the mangrove canopy cover in the Sei Nyirih waters. This research was conducted in March-April 2024. The method used was a direct survey method in the field. By using random sampling, 15 points were randomly taken spread across the Sei Nyirih Waters. Each point has one research plot. There are six types of mangroves found at 15 research points, namely: Rhizopora apiculata, Rhizopora mucronata, Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Bruguiera sexangula, Ceriops tagal, Xylocarpus granatum. The types of mangroves Rhizopora apiculata, Rhizopora mucronata, and Xylocarpus granatum are the types that are always found at each sampling point. From 15 research points, the canopy cover % value ranged between 56.7% - 85.2%. Based on KEPMENLH No.201 of 2004, it is included in the Good and Very Dense categories. The lowest mangrove canopy cover was found at point six which is a mangrove tree felling. The highest mangrove canopy cover was found at point one which is a point whose location is far from population activities.
The Ground Surface Hemiptera (True Bugs) in The Muhammad Sabki City Forest Area of Jambi City Suhanda, Robet; Wulandari, Tia; Sakinah, Audriella Nadine; Putra, DheanPrimanda
Biospecies Vol. 18 No. 1 (2025): Januari 2025
Publisher : Universitas Jambi

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22437/biospecies.v18i1.42715

Abstract

Muhammad Sabki City Forest Park (THKMS) is one of the Green Open Spaces in Jambi City, which serves as a natural habitat for various species of flora and fauna, both naturally and through captivity programs. One group of organisms that can be found in the THKMS area is soil surface insects, one of them is the true bug (Order Hemiptera). Hemiptera is an order whose organisms that play a role as phytophagous pests that harm plants in the agricultural sector and also as decomposers in the process of soil material overhaul. In addition to playing a role as phytophages, insects in the Hemiptera order also act as predators in the environment by piercing and sucking their prey, thus reducing the population of plant pests as natural enemies. This study aims to identify the types of soil surface Hemiptera in THKMS. The collection of Hemiptera insect samples was carried out passively using pitfall traps . Based on the identification results, the soil surface Hemiptera species collected were Lisarda rhypara, L. annulata, and Opistoplatys sp., all of them belong to the suborder Heteroptera and included to family Reduviidae. Morphologically, Hemiptera insects have a piercing-sucking mouth type and lack of cerci. Members of the Reduviidae family are known as "Assassin bugs," which are nocturnal. Reduviidae members are large in size and naturally aggressive, making them predators of several other insects. The Reduviidae family is cosmopolitan and has a wide distribution. Ecologically, the insect species found are predators, characterized by their piercing-sucking mouthparts.

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