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INDONESIA
Jurnal Asy-Syari'ah
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
ISSN : 20869029     EISSN : 26545675     DOI : -
Core Subject : Humanities, Education, Art, Social,
Arts Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Other
Memfokuskan diri pada publikasi berbagai hasil penelitian, telaah literatur, dan karya ilmiah lainnya yang cakupannya meliputi bidang ilmu syariah, hukum dan kemasyarakatan secara monodisipliner, interdisipliner, dan multidisipliner.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 259 Documents
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Exploration of Islamic Economic Principles on Collateral in Legislation in Indonesia: Penelusuran Prinsip-Prinsip Ekonomi Syariah Tentang Jaminan dalam Peraturan Perundang-Undangan di Indonesia Sumiati, Sumiati; Janwari, Yadi; Yusup, Deni Kamaludin; Astarudin, Tatang
Asy-Syari'ah Vol. 26 No. 2 (2024): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v26i2.37523

Abstract

Abstract: This research aims to examine and analyse the regulatory concept and legal position of guarantees in statutory regulations, and also seeks to explore the Harmonization of Sharia Economic Principles regarding Guarantees in statutory provisions. Analytical descriptive methods were used in this research, and a juridical-normative approach was used with qualitative research data types. Primary, secondary and tertiary data sources were obtained from several relevant literature. This research indicates that the concept of regulation and the legal position of guarantees in statutory provisions is contained in legislation that is made and ratified in writing. Conceptually, the legal regulation of guarantees can be divided into three, namely, the first concept of legal regulation of guarantees, which originates in Book II of the Civil Code, the second is the law of guarantees, which is regulated outside Book II of the Civil Code, the third is the legal regulation of guarantees according to law. sharia economics. Guarantee law acts as a subsidiary or complementary agreement. In connection with the harmonisation of Sharia economic principles, guarantees in statutory regulations can be understood through various principles of Sharia economic law reflected in legislation. These principles consist of the principle of worship (al-tauhid), the principle of justice (al-adl), the principle of amar ma'ruf nahi munkar, the principle of freedom (al-hurriyah), the principle of equality (al-musawah), the principle of helping each other (al -ta'awun), and the principle of tolerance (al-tasamuh), which is substantially contained in the legislation. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis pengaturan dan kedudukan hukum jaminan pada peraturan perundang-undangan, dan juga untuk menggali Prinsip-prinsip Ekonomi Syariah tentang Jaminan dalam ketentuan undang-undang. Metode deskriptif analitis digunakan pada penelitian ini, dan menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-normatif, dengan jenis data penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data primer, sekunder, dan tersier didapatkan dari beberapa literatur yang relevan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Konsep pengaturan hukum jaminan pada peraturan perundang-undangan dibedakan menjadi tiga yakni pertama konsep pengaturan hukum jaminan yang bersumber di dalam Buku II Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Perdata (KUHPdt), kedua pengaturan hukum jaminan yang terdapat di luar Buku II Kitab Undang-undang Hukum Perdata ketiga pengaturan hukum jaminan menurut hukum ekonomi syariah. Hukum Jaminan berkedudukan sebagai perjanjian ikutan/pelengkap (Assecoir). Adapun alasan dibolehkannya objek yang dijaminkan pada akad pembiayaan di perbankan syariah didasarkan adanya kesadaran akan resiko terhadap munculnya moral hazard. Adapun Prinsip-prinsip ekonomi syariah tentang jaminan dalam peraturan perundang-undangan dapat difahami melalui berbagai prinsip hukum ekonomi syariah pada berbagai perundang-undangan jaminan yang terdiri atas prinsip ibadah (al-tauhid), prinsip amar ma’ruf nahi munkar, prinsip keadilan (al-adl), prinsip kebebasan (al-hurriyah), prinsip persamaan/al musawah, prinsip saling tolong menolong (al-ta’awun), dan prinsip toleransi (al-tasamuh), yang secara substansial sudah terdapat di dalam perundang-undang tersebut, hanya saja keberadaan prinsip tersebut belum sepenuhnya terimplementasikan dalam peraturan jaminan.
Artificial Intelligence Use in the Issuance of Inheritance Fatwas: Evaluating GPT-3.5 Compliance with Islamic Legal Principles Abdulrahman, Manswab Mahsen; Walusimbi, Abdul Hafiz Musa
Asy-Syari'ah Vol. 26 No. 2 (2024): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v26i2.37666

Abstract

Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the compliance of GPT-3.5 to Islamic legal principles in issuing fatwas on inheritance distribution. The focus was on the economic impact of artificial intelligence (AI) on social welfare development and comparison with the potential of GPT-3. Qualitative and mixed methods were used to collect data from different sources, including books, journal articles, reports, conference papers, and jurisprudence academies. A comprehensive analysis was conducted on the significance of fatwas, their historical development, traditional methods, and the role of technology, including AI and natural language processing, within the Islamic context. Moreover, data were collected on inheritance cases associated with issues such as murder, religious differences, heirs of the Qur'an, residual heirs, distant relatives, exceptions, al-Minbariyyah, al-Radd, al-Umariyyah, al-Akdariyyah, missing persons, and multiple deaths. The findings showed that the ability of GPT-3.5 to issue fatwas was consistent with the principles of Islamic law as well as its potential to offer faster response times compared to traditional methods. However, GPT-3.5 showed inconsistencies, specifically in issuing fatwas related to inheritance distribution in cases related to murder, religious differences, heirs of the Qur'an, remaining heirs, distant relatives, exceptions, al-Minbariyyah, al-Radd, al-Umariyyah, and al-Akdariyyah. This study contributes to the law and policymaking in global Muslim countries with a focus on the proper and correct use of technology in Islamic law issues in the contemporary era.
Humanitarian Ecology in Islamic Law: Balancing Human Needs and Environmental Preservation in Islamic Law Karimullah, Suud Sarim
Asy-Syari'ah Vol. 26 No. 2 (2024): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v26i2.38177

Abstract

Abstract: This study has a comprehensive objective of understanding the practical implications of environmental protection within the framework of Islamic law, taking into account the balance of human needs and ecological preservation. The method used is library research with literature analysis through synthesis and integration of information from various relevant sources, such as books, scientific articles, and other documents related to the research topic. The findings of the study show that environmental protection in the framework of Islamic law not only provides a solid moral and ethical foundation but also challenges the conventional paradigm in natural resource management by offering a holistic approach that integrates spiritual, social, and ecological values. Through maqasid al-sharia, environmental protection becomes an integral part of the objectives of sharia, namely preserving life (hifz al-nafs) and ecological sustainability (hifz al-biāh) by providing ethical guidance to prevent overexploitation while encouraging sustainable innovation. Thus, Islamic law not only responds to the challenges of the global environmental crisis but also offers a model of sustainability that brings together spiritual, ethical, and practical values in creating harmony between human needs and the preservation of nature, making it relevant as a strategic solution for the modern world.
Status and Inheritance Rights of Assisted Reproductive Technology Conceived-Child: An Islamic Law Perspective Abikan, Ibrahim Yahaya
Asy-Syari'ah Vol. 26 No. 2 (2024): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v26i2.38634

Abstract

Abstract: This paper discusses the status of children born through assisted reproductive technology (ART) and its implications for inheritance rights from the Islamic Law perspective. For comprehensive and supporting debate, this section explains the types of ART, such as artificial insemination, in vitro fertilization, sperm donors/egg banks, and surrogacy. This paper adopts a doctrinal research method by conducting an in-depth analysis of primary and secondary legal sources. Then, the arguments of Muslim scholars on the topic are analyzed. Results show that legal experts disagree on whether the egg donor or the woman who conceives and gives birth is the biological mother based on the surrogacy regulation for children’s rights to inheritance. The author argues that if semen and eggs from a legally married couple are reproduced through ART, the child will be legitimate to the marriage and have full rights to inherit from both parents. However, if a third person is involved either through artificial insemination, surrogate motherhood, or in vitro fertilization, the child is walad al-zina (illegitimate child), who cannot inherit from the father but only from the mother and her relatives. This research contributes to the development of contemporary Islamic Law, which faces increasingly complex problems in this technological era.
Facing Economic Recession in Nigeria: Lessons from Umar Ibn Al-Khattab’s Economic Policies Bello, Khalid Ishola
Asy-Syari'ah Vol. 26 No. 2 (2024): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v26i2.39427

Abstract

Abstract: Economic conditions are dynamic and can shift from prosperity to adversity, affecting individuals and nations. This paper examines the socioeconomic recession during the early Islamic era under the leadership of Umar ibn Al-Khattab, exploring its causes, remedies, and eventual recovery. Umar’s governance marked by compassionate leadership, adaptive policies, and resource prioritization provides valuable lessons for addressing contemporary economic challenges. Nigeria, which is facing economic recessions characterized by unemployment, inflation, and resource mismanagement, can use these lessons to mitigate its economic woes. This study employs a historical and content analysis of early Islamic economic policies, a comparative analysis of Nigeria’s current challenges, and policy reviews. This highlights the need for empathetic leadership, legislative flexibility, effective resource allocation, and integration of Islamic social finance mechanisms, such as zakāt and waqf, into Nigeria’s socioeconomic framework. Nigeria can enhance its economic resilience and inclusivity by fostering transparency, social justice, and collaboration while addressing systemic inequities.
Protecting Children's Rights in Marriage Dispensation Cases: Evidence from Religious Courts in Indonesia Kania, Dede; Fatoni, Siti Nur
Asy-Syari'ah Vol. 25 No. 2 (2023): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v25i2.43846

Abstract

The protection of children's rights is essential to ensure their well-being and development. In Indonesia, Law No. 16 of 2019 raised the minimum marriage age to 19 years, yet marriage dispensation remains an option for underage marriage in exceptional circumstances. This research examines trends in marriage dispensation cases in West Java and their implications for children's rights. The study employs an empirical, philosophical, sociological, and historical juridical approach, analyzing decisions from ten religious courts between 2019 and 2021. Findings reveal a significant increase in marriage dispensation cases after the law's enactment, driven by fears of moral transgressions (87%) and pre-marital pregnancies (8%). Despite legal provisions, 99% of applications were granted, often prioritizing cultural and religious norms over the principle of the child's best interests. This study highlights the need for strengthened judicial oversight and community engagement to align legal practices with protecting children's rights. The findings call for more robust preventive measures and an evaluation of the dispensation process to ensure compliance with the rights-based framework.
Special Position of Ashabah’s Heirs in the Sunni Islamic Jurisprudence of Inheritance: A Sociohistorical Approach Jalaludin, Akhmad; Yazid Ahmad, Md
Asy-Syari'ah Vol. 26 No. 1 (2024): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v26i1.33792

Abstract

This study discusses the relationship between the position of male relatives in relation to the heir, either directly or through a male lineage, and not through females (known as ‘aṣabah) in Sunni jurisprudence, within the context of the Arab anthropological background. Sunni jurisprudence assigns a special position to ‘aṣabah. Regardless of how distant the familial relationship of an ‘aṣabah is to the heir, they are not excluded except by another ‘aṣabah. This study employs a normative juridical approach with a sociohistorical and ushul fiqh perspective to explore the connection between the ‘aṣabah system in Islamic inheritance law and the sociohistorical backdrop of Arab society during the development of Islamic jurisprudence by Sunni scholars, especially focusing on the kinship system. The findings indicate that the ‘aṣabah system in the Sunni fiqh is an interpretation of the Qur'anic texts and Hadith, and that this interpretation is heavily influenced by the Arab kinship system, which is deeply rooted in a patrilineal local cultural context. The author argues that the association of the ‘aṣabah system with the local cultural practices of Arab society conflicts with several inheritance principles in the Qur'an, such as the principle that men and women with the same degree of kinship should have equal inheritance rights, the principle of bilateral inheritance, and the principle of prioritizing closer relatives.
PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM BAGI PENDIDIK DALAM HUKUM PIDANA ISLAM: Legal Protection for Educators in Islamic Criminal Law Sumardi, Didi
Asy-Syari'ah Vol. 20 No. 1 (2018): Asy-Syariah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v20i1.2764

Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas penerapan sanksi kepada peserta didik yang melanggar peraturan lembaga pendidikan dilihat dari aspek hukum pidana Islam. Di dalam hukum pidana Islam, penerapan sanksi kepada peserta didik yang melanggar tata tertib tidak termasuk jarîmah karena tidak melanggar hukum Allah SWT. Namun hukuman yang diberikan kepada peserta didik dikenai hukuman ta‘zîr sebagai metode pendidikan yang bertujuan membuat jera pelanggar aturan. Hukuman ta‘zîr tersebut ber­tujuan untuk mengembangkan potensi peserta didik agar menjadi manusia yang beriman dan bertakwa kepada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa, berakhlak mulia, serta menjadi orang yang bertanggung jawab sesuai dengan tujuan pendidikan Nasional. Bagi pendidik yang memberikan sanksi kepada peserta didik jika dilihat dari aspek hukum pidana Islam maka perlu men­dapatkan perlindungan hukum, sehingga tidak muncul lagi orang tua peserta didik yang menuntut pendidik untuk dipenjarakan.Kata kunci : Hukum Pidana Islam, Pendidik, Perlindungan Hukum, Peserta Didik
HUKUM WAKAF BENDA BERGERAK (UANG) MENURUT FATWA ULAMA DAN UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 41 TAHUN 2014 TENTANG WAKAF: The Legal Status of Movable Waqf (Cash) According to Ulama Fatwas and Law No. 41 of 2014 on Waqf Abdullah, Boedi
Asy-Syari'ah Vol. 20 No. 1 (2018): Asy-Syariah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v20i1.2967

Abstract

Penelitian ini menghasilkan dua temuan. Pertama, para ulama madzhab berbeda pendapat tentang hukum wakaf benda bergerak. Para Ulama Hanafiyah, tidak membolehkan wakaf benda bergerak dalam segala bentuknya. Sebaliknya, para Ulama Malikiyah membolehkan wakaf benda bergerak dalam segala bentuknya. Para Ulama Syafi’iyah dan Hanabilah berada di antara kedua pendapat itu, mem­bolehkan wakaf benda bergerak kecuali yang berbentuk uang. Kedua, pasal 16 ayat 2-3 Undang-Undang RI. Nomor 41 Tahun 2004 tentang Wakaf yang menyang­kut wakaf benda berberak yang meliputi uang, logam mulia, surat berharga, ken­daraan, hak atas kekayaan intelektual, hak sewa, dan benda bergerak lain sesuai dengan ketentuan Syariah dan peraturan perundang-undangan yang berlaku sangat dipengaruhi oleh pendapat para ulama Malikiyah.Kata Kunci : wakaf, benda bergerak, Malikiyah, Hanafiyah, Syafi’iyah, Hanabilah AbstractThis research has found two results. First, Moslem scholars have different opinions about the legal status of endowments on movable assets. The Hanafiyah scholars do not allow endowments of movable assets in all forms. Instead, the scholars of Malikiyah allow the endowments of movable assets in all forms. The Shafi'ites scholars and Hanabilah falls somewhere between the two opinions, they allow the endowments of movable assets except in form of money. Secondly, Article 16, paragraph 2-3 of the Act Number 41 of 2004 on Endowments especially concerning endowments of movable assets which includes money, precious metals, securities, vehicles, intellectual property rights, the right to lease and other movable assets is strongly influenced by the Malikiyah scholars’ opinion.Keywords : endowments, movable assets, Hanafiyah, Malikiah, Syafi’iyah, Hanabilah
PEMIKIRAN QUTUB MUSHTHAFA SANU TENTANG METODOLOGI IJTIHAD: Qutb Mushtafa Sanu’s Thought on Ijtihād Methodology Arifin, Asep
Asy-Syari'ah Vol. 20 No. 1 (2018): Asy-Syariah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v20i1.2981

Abstract

Analisis pemikiran ini merupakan bagian dari tulisan yang disajikan oleh Abu Muhammad Amin dan A.D. Quthub Mushthafa Sanuw, Kualumpur, Malaysia. Tulisan ini berisi empat kajian pokok, yaitu: (1) analisis tentang konsep ijtihad yang ada dan kaitannya dengan realita kekinian, (2) kajian urgensitas model ijtihad yang dibutuhkan syari’at Islam pada setiap zaman dan tempat yang dihadapi, (3) deskripsi beberapa persoalan penting yang patut mendapat perhatian ijtihad dalam menghadapi tuntutan zaman, dan (4) penjelas-an tentang dasar-dasar ijtihad metodologis (ijtihad manhaji) dalam menyelesaikan beberapa masalah sosial terutama dalam memproyeksikan dakwah Islam yang me-ngandung nilai-nilai Rabbani dan nilai-nilai insani pada tataran penyampaiannya (tanzîl).Kata Kunci: Mujtahid, Mukallid, Ijtihad

Page 19 of 26 | Total Record : 259

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