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Jurnal Asy-Syari'ah
ISSN : 20869029     EISSN : 26545675     DOI : -
Memfokuskan diri pada publikasi berbagai hasil penelitian, telaah literatur, dan karya ilmiah lainnya yang cakupannya meliputi bidang ilmu syariah, hukum dan kemasyarakatan secara monodisipliner, interdisipliner, dan multidisipliner.
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Articles 259 Documents
Special Position of ‘Aṣabah (Male Agnatic Relatives) in the Sunni Islamic Jurisprudence of Inheritance Jalaludin, Akhmad
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 26, No 1 (2024): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v26i1.33792

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Abstract: This study aims to reveal the unique and privileged relationship of the position of male relatives who directly relate to the heirs or through a man without a woman ‘aṣabah or male agnatic relatives) in the Sunni Islamic jurisprudence. The Sunni Islamic jurisprudence provides a special and exclusive position to the ‘aṣabah. Whatever the extent of the kinship relationship of ‘aṣabah with the heirs, he will not be hindered except by the fellow ‘aṣabah. This study applies a socio-historical approach and uṣūl fiqh. In conclusion, the system of ‘aṣabah in the Sunni Islamic jurisprudence has resulted from an interpretation of the Qur’an and hadith, in which the weighty Arab patrilineal kinship system truly and significantly influences the interpretation.
KONSEP TA’ĀWUN DALAM KRITIK TERHADAP PENETAPAN BATAS MAKSIMAL USIA KEPERSERTAAN PADA ASURANSI SYARIAH TA’ĀWUN Riva Abdillah Aziz; Ending Solehudin
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 24, No 2 (2022): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v24i2.16445

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Abstract: The purpose of this study is to review the concept of ta’āwun taught by Rasulullah Shalallahu Alaihi Wassalam and the reality of ta’āwun practice in the Islamic insurance industry in Indonesia. This research is also intended as a critique and input on the current practice of implementing ta’āwun. In contrast to conventional insurance, which uses a sale and purchase contract in its transactions, Sharia insurance uses the concept of ta’āwun in its transaction contracts. Qs. Al-Maidah verse 2 is the legal basis of this ta’āwun concept. This research used qualitative methods, the descriptive approach, and library research. The results of this study conclude that the concept of ta’āwun used by Islamic insurance currently needs to fully reflect the concept of ta’āwun in Qs Al-Maidah verse 2,  which has been practised by Rasulullah Shalallahu Alaihi Wassalam and his friends. In practice, Sharia insurance companies set a maximum age limit for prospective participants, while the maximum age for participation is 65 years. This maximum age limit for participation means that not all prospective Sharia insurance participants can be accepted as customers. It is undoubtedly different from the practice of ta’āwun that existed at the time of Rasulullah Shalallahu Alaihi Wassalam, where the concept of ta’āwun was carried out without knowing the conditions. It is fitting for Sharia insurance to adhere to the principle of monotheism properly and rely on Allah Subhanallahu Wata'ala to carry out the wheels of its Sharia insurance business by not limiting participation age. Sharia insurance practitioners naturally adhere to the principles of ta’āwun and monotheism and believe with certainty that to worship Allah Subhanallahu wa Ta'ala, even though there is no age limit for participation, the company will still get the benefits expected in other ways.Abstrak: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengulas konsep ta’āwun yang diajarkan oleh Rasulullah Shalallahu Alaihi Wassalam dan realita praktik ta’āwun di dunia industri asuransi syariah di Indonesia. Penelitian ini juga dimaksudkan sebagai kritik dan masukan terhadap praktik penerapan ta’āwun yang berlangsung saat ini. Berbeda dengan asuransi konvensial yang mempergunakan akad jual beli dalam transaksinya, asuransi Syariah menggunakan konsep ta’āwun dalam akad transaksi­nya. Qs. Al-Maidah ayat 2 adalah landasan hukum dari konsep ta’āwun ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah kualitatif, adapun pendekatan yang digunakan adalah desktiptif. Sedangkan jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah Kepustakaan (Library Research). Hasil dari penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa konsep ta’āwun yang digunakan asuransi Syariah saat ini masih belum mencerminkan sepenuhnya konsep ta’āwun yang ada di dalam Qs. Al-Maidah ayat 2 yang sudah dipraktikan oleh Rasulullah Shalallahu Alaihi Wassalam dan para sahabatnya. Dalam praktiknya, perusahaan asuransi Syariah menetap­kan batas maksimal usia bagi calon peserta, adapaun maksimal usia kepersertaan adalah 65 tahun. Pembatasan maksimal usia kepersertaan ini  membuat tidak semua calon peserta asuransi Syariah dapat diterima menjadi nasabah. Hal ini tentu berbeda dengan praktik ta’āwun yang ada di jaman Rasulullah Shalallahu Alaihi Wassalam di mana konsep ta’āwun yang dilakukan tanpa mengenal syarat. Sudah sepatutnya asuransi Syariah memegang prinsip tauhid dengan benar serta bertawakal kepada Allah Subhanallahu Wata’ala dalam menjalankan roda bisnisnya dengan tidak membatasi usia kepersertaan. Para praktisi asuransi Syariah sudah sewajarnya meme­gang prinsip ta’āwun, tauhid dan yakin dengan seyakin-yakinnya bahwa dengan niat beribadah kepada Allah Subhanallahu wa Ta’ala, walaupun tidak ada pembatasan usia kepersertaan, tetap akan mendapatkan keuntungan sebagaimana yang diharapkan oleh perusahaan.
Maqashid Al-Syari'ah dalam Regulasi Mediasi Mahkamah Agung: Studi Kasus Penyelesaian Konflik Waris di PA Sumedang Athoillah, Mohamad; Arifin, Tajul
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 26, No 1 (2024): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v26i1.33985

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This study aims to analyze the strength of Maqashidu al-Syari'ah (MS) in mediation regulations and their application in the process of mediation for inheritance disputes in the Religious Courts. This research applies descriptive analytical method; data were collected by doing observation, indepth interview with mediators, documentation and literature study, then data analysis techniques were used to analyze it. The findings of this study show that MS's spirit in the Perma of Mediation Procedure in Court is very strong. However, However, the MS spirit contained in the Perma has not been successfully implemented in mediation in Religious Courts. The results of this research imply the necessity for mediators to master the MS and its spirit contained in the Perma on Mediation Procedures in Court well and apply it in mediation.Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis kekuatan semangat Maqashidu al-Syari'ah (MS) dalam Perma No. 1 Tahun 2016 tentang Mediasi dan penerapannya dalam upaya perdamaian sengketa waris di Pengadilan Agama (PA). Metode deskriptif analisis diterapkan dalam penelitian ini; data dikumpulkan dengan observasi, wawancara mendalam dengan mediator, studi dokumentasi dan studi literatur, lalu data dianalisis dengan mengaplikasikan teknik kualitatif. Penelitian menunjukkan ruh MS dalam Perma tentang Mediasi di Pengadilan sangat kuat. Namun semangat MS yang terdapat dalam Perma itu belum berhasil diterapkan dengan baik dalam mediasi di PA. Hasil penelitian ini mengimplikasikan keharusan bagi para mediator untuk menguasai MS dan semangatnya yang ada dalam Perma tentang Mediasi di Pengadilan dengan baik dan menerapkannya dalam proses mediasi.
Penyelundupan Hukum Perkawinan di Bawah Umur Melalui Permohonan Itsbat Nikah di Pengadilan Agama Nur Latifah Hanum; Shania Anwar; Siah Khosyiah
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 25, No 1 (2023): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v25i1.21142

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Abstract: Underage marriage is still a phenomenon in Indonesia. Law Number 16 of 2019 has determined that the minimum marriage limit for women and men is 19 years, providing a way for early marriage to apply for marriage dispensation. However, there are still many underage marriages performed under the hands without going through marriage dispensation and then asking for marriage itsbath to the Religious Court. According to the author, this is a legal smuggling to legalise early marriage. The number of judges who still grant this case is undoubtedly the focus of research. This research is empirical juridical by looking at phenomena in society associated with existing regulations and theories of legal smuggling, as well as methods of collecting data through observation and from documents obtained. The results of this study found that underage marriage problems seem to need to be taken seriously because they are prone to legal smuggling, considering that initially, itsbath nikah was only intended for the community for the reasons mentioned in article 7 paragraph (3) of the Compilation of Islamic Law. So judges, especially in religious courts, must start improving. If the judge can reduce the number of itsbath applications against underage marriage, then they have been able to contribute substantive justice to provide welfare for the community. This certainly makes a benchmark for the community not to carry out underage marriages without court permission and, at the same time, an effort to close the faucet of underage marriage in Indonesia. Thus, it is hoped that early marriage can be suppressed. In the future, the government will be able to produce regulations to provide criminal sanctions for perpetrators of early marriage, along with the change in the minimum age of marriage.
GENDER JUSTICE IN THE SHARING OF INHERITANCE AND IMPLEMENTATION IN INDONESIA Hisam Ahyani; Haris Maiza Putra; Muharir Muharir; Encep Taufik Rahman; Mustofa Mustofa
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 24, No 2 (2022): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v24i2.14640

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Abstract: Fairness in inheritance distribution between men and women in Indonesia is still an exciting topic to discuss. It is proven that classical Islamic thought says that men’s and women’s portions in inheritance distribution are final, as stated in the Qur'an Surat an-Nisa verse 11. However, contemporary Islamic thought sees it as a rule that needs to be contextualized to current situations. This progressive thinking about inheritance distribution was pioneered by gender activists who saw that Fiqh Mawaris has a gender bias and discrimination. Therefore, the application of the "gender-friendly justice" concept in the inheritance distribution in Indonesia needs to be put forward. This research analyses the "gender-friendly justice" concept in inheritance law and its application in Indonesia. This study uses Sigmund Freud's gender theory, with an analytic descriptive method focusing on the problem of inheritance distribution in Indonesia. The research results prove that the concept of "gender-friendly justice" in the inheritance distribution refers to the agreement principle and the gender equity principle, where the application is carried out based on the fairness principle. The gender equality principle is implemented by prioritizing the concept of rahmatan lil'alamin, namely equality as servants and caliph of Allah, equality in receiving primordial agreements and cosmic drama events, and reaching achievements.Abstrak: Keadilan pembagian harta waris di Indonesia antara laki-laki dan perempuan masih menjadi bahan diskusi yang menarik. Pemikiran Islam klasik menyatakan bahwa pembagian harta warisan bagi laki-laki dan perempuan sudah dianggap final, sebagaimana disinggung dalam Al-Qur’an surah an-Nisa ayat 11. Namun, pemikiran Islam kontemporer melihat hal tersebut sebagai aturan yang perlu dikontekstualisasikan sesuai per­kem­bangan zaman. Pemikiran progresif tentang pembagian waris ini dipelopori oleh para pegiat gender yang melihat fiqih mawaris masih bersifat bias gender yang dapat menimbulkan diskriminasi gender, sehingga penerapan konsep “keadilan ramah gender” dalam pembagian harta waris di Indonesia perlu dikedepankan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis konsep “keadilan ramah gender” dalam hukum waris dan penerapannya di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori gender Sigmund Freud, dengan metode deskriptif analitik yang memusatkan perhatian pada masalah pembagian waris di Indonesia. Hasil riset membuktikan bahwa konsep “keadilan ramah gender” dalam pembagian harta waris mengacu pada prinsip kesepakatan dan prinsip keadilan gender bagi anak laki-laki dan perempuan, dimana penerapannya dilakukan berdasarkan atas asas keadilan. Penerapan prinsip kesetaraan gender ini diterapkan dengan menge­depankan konsep rahmatan lil’alamin yakni penyetaraan sebagai hamba dan khalifah Allah, penyetaraan menerima perjanjian primordial, penyetaraan dalam peristiwa drama kosmis, dan penyetaraan dalam meraih prestasi.
Dampak Penetapan Izin Praktek Tambang Emas Tumpang Pitu Perspektif Fikih Sosial KH. Sahal Mahfudh Mun'im, Zainul
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 26, No 1 (2024): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v26i1.25428

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Abstract: Due to its significant impact on the environment, gold mining is often a particular concern. This paper examines the effect of granting gold mining permits on Mount Tumpak Pitu, Banyuwangi Regency, East Java, from the perspective of social fiqh developed by Sahal Mahfudh. Social fiqh prioritizes benefits framed in maqâshid al-syarî'ah, with indicators of hifz al-dîn (existence of religion), al-nafs (salvation of the soul), al-'aql (health of the mind), al-mâl (safety of property), al-nasl (safety of honor) and al-bî'ah (environmental sustainability). This research used the normative juridical approach and qualitatively analyzed data collected through literature and field studies. The research results show that granting gold mining permits was not accompanied by adequate supervision from the authority. This gives rise to mining practices that are not environmentally friendly and do not fulfill the basic principles of environmental ethics in Sahal Mahfudh’s social fiqh.Abstrak: Penambangan emas seringkali menjadi perhatian khusus mengingat aktvitas tersebut memiliki dampak yang signifikan terhadap lingkungan. Tulisan ini mengkaji dampak pemberian izin penambangan emas di Gunung Tumpak Pitu, Kabupaten Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur; dari perspektif fikih sosial yang dikembangkan oleh KH Sahal Mahfudh. Fikih sosial mengedepankan kemaslahatan yang dibingkai dalam maqâshid al-syarî'ah, dengan indikator hifz al-dîn (eksistensi agama), al-nafs (keselamatan jiwa), al-‘aql (kesehatan akal), al-mâl (keselamatan harta), al-nasl (keselataman kehormatan) dan al-bî’ah (kelestarian lingkungan). Dengan pendekatan juridis normatif terhadap data-data yang dikumpulkan baik melalui studi kepustakaan maupun lapangan dan dianalisis secara kualitatif, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemberian izin penambangan emas yang diberikan tidak diiringi dengan pengawasan yang memadai. Hal tersebut menimbulkan praktek pertambangan yang tidak ramah lingkungan dan tidak memenuhi prinsip dasar etika lingkungan dalam fikih sosial KH. Sahal Mahfudh.
ENDOGAMY IN ISLAMIC BOARDING SCHOOL CARETAKER FAMILY: A MASLAHAH POINT OF VIEW Kudrat Abdillah; Silmah Fathimiyah
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 24, No 2 (2022): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v24i2.20860

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Abstract: Kyai and their family, as boarding school caretakers, become the leading role models in religious practice, including marriage. In Sumenep, Madura, some of these families practice endogamous marriage. This makes the assumption in society that the tradition of endogamous marriage continues to be preserved. This study aims to describe the endogamous marriage tradition in Boarding Schools in Sumenep from the perspective of al-Tufi’s Maslahah Theory. The researcher uses empirical legal research and case studies as his approach. The results show that the existing tradition of endogamous marriage is carried out by arranged marriage and is intended to safeguard assets, maintain lineage (nasab), and sustain the boarding school. According to al-Tufi’s Maslahah theory, the tradition has a beneficial value, although no al-Quran verses or hadith command endogamous marriage. The benefit is manifested in the goal for the continuity and development of education in the Islamic boarding school institution owned by the parents. However, there are negative impacts that need to be considered, such as hostility between families caused by unsuccessful matchmaking and the potential for abnormal or disabled children.Abstrak: Kyai dan keluarga pesantren menjadi panutan dalam praktik keagamaan, tak terkecuali perkawinan. Perkawinan antar keluarga pesantren yang terjadi di Sumenep, Madura, menimbulkan asumsi di dalam masyarakat bahwa tradisi perkawinan endogami terus dilestarikan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan fakta tradisi perkawinan endogami pada keluarga pesantren di Kota Sumenep dalam perspektif Maslahah al-Tufi. Peneliti menggunakan jenis penelitian hukum empiris dan studi kasus sebagai pendekatan­nya. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa tradisi perkawinan endogami yang ada pada kalangan keluarga pesantren di Sumenep dilakukan dengan cara perjodohan yang ber­tujuan untuk menjaga harta, menjaga keturunan (nasab), dan menjaga keber­lang­sungan lembaga pesantren. Berdasarkan teori Maslahah al-Tufi, tradisi perkawinan endogami tersebut memiliki nilai kemaslahahan, meskipun tidak ada dalil yang mewajibkan untuk melakukan perkawinan endogami. Nilai ini termanifestasi pada tujuan untuk menjaga keber­lang­sungan dan pengembangan pendidikan di lembaga pesantren yang dimiliki orangtuanya. Meski demikian, keluarga perlu mempertimbangkan dampak negatif yang mungkin muncul, seperti permusuhan di antara (dua) keluarga akibat perjodohan yang gagal dan adanya potensi lahirnya keturunan yang cacat.
Law of Usury (RIBA) According to Masyarakat Tanpa Riba (MTR): Perceptions, Attitudes, and Movements Al-Hakim, Sofian; Witro, Doli; Nurjaman, Muhamad Izazi
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 26, No 1 (2024): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v26i1.29639

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Abstract: After the merger, three banks under State-Owned Enterprises (BUMN), namely BNI Syariah, BRI Syariah, and Bank Syariah Mandiri, became Bank Syariah Indonesia (BSI), opening opportunities for the development of Islamic financial institutions in Indonesia. However, according to the Masyarakat Tanpa Riba (Society Without Riba) (MTR), Islamic banks are not much different from conventional banks (BK). Therefore, the focus of this article is the law of usury in the view of the MTR, which is seen in three aspects, namely, the perception, attitude, and movement of the MTR. This paper aims to determine the law of usury from the view of the MTR. This article uses a qualitative research method, which is field research. Data collection techniques used are observation, interviews, and documents. The data analysis technique in this paper uses data condensation, data presentation, and conclusion. The study results show that the MTR is an anti-usury community. MTR can be categorised as a textualist and rigid group (mutasyadidun). The rigid MTR method often implies that Islamic economic development is static and monolithic. The existence of the MTR will be productive if it is read not as a threat but as an auto-criticism against Sharia financial practices that are not yet perfect, highlighting the potential impact of the MTR's perspective on Islamic financial practices.
Pemodelan Fatwa Ekonomi Syariah dan Karakteristiknya di Indonesia Muhammad Hasanuddin; Mohd Solahuddin Bin Sharuddin; A. Jajang W. Mahri
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 25, No 1 (2023): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v25i1.25373

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Abtract: The DSN-MUI sharia economic fatwa has had a major influence in building the construction of sharia economic law in Indonesia. However, how the modeling of the fatwa was formed from 2000-2022 is still relatively rarely written about, as well as its characteristics. Therefore, this paper completes the empty space to be filled with authentic information regarding the Islamic economic fatwa modeling and its characteristics. That way, the empty space can be filled, and the discourse on sharia economic fatwa can continue to live and develop. In this paper, it is found that since 2000-2022 modeling the formation of Islamic economic fatwa in Indonesia has found two models, namely: the mustafti model and the initiation model. In the context of mustafti modeling, sharia economic fatwas were formed due to encouragement from mustafti from industry players, business people, health practitioners, professional institutions, associations, and regulators who asked DSN-MUI directly. Meanwhile, the initiation model is a model for forming a fatwa based on initiation among the internal DSN-MUI itself. As for its characteristics, the DSN-MUI fatwa is proactive and responsive. It is called proactive because the fatwa was produced from the DSN-MUI initiative. While it is called responsive because the DSN-MUI responds to each mustafti's questions by issuing a fatwa as the answer.
Protecting Children's Rights in Marriage Dispensation Cases: Evidence from Religious Courts in Indonesia Kania, Dede; Fatoni, Siti Nur
Asy-Syari'ah Vol 25, No 2 (2023): Asy-Syari'ah
Publisher : Faculty of Sharia and Law, Sunan Gunung Djati Islamic State University of Bandung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.15575/as.v25i2.43846

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Abstract: The protection of children's rights is essential to ensure their well-being and development. In Indonesia, Law No. 16 of 2019 raised the minimum marriage age to 19 years, yet marriage dispensation remains an option for underage marriage in exceptional circumstances. This research examines trends in marriage dispensation cases in West Java and their implications for children's rights. The study employs an empirical, philosophical, sociological, and historical juridical approach, analyzing decisions from ten religious courts between 2019 and 2021. Findings reveal a significant increase in marriage dispensation cases after the law's enactment, driven by fears of moral transgressions (87%) and pre-marital pregnancies (8%). Despite legal provisions, 99% of applications were granted, often prioritizing cultural and religious norms over the principle of the child's best interests. This study highlights the need for strengthened judicial oversight and community engagement to align legal practices with protecting children's rights. The findings call for more robust preventive measures and an evaluation of the dispensation process to ensure compliance with the rights-based framework.