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INDONESIA
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia
Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada
ISSN : 14101637     EISSN : 25484788     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 509 Documents
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Effects of Metaldehyde and Niclosamide on the Behavior and Reproductive Capacity of Radix Quadrasi Von Moellendorf (Basommatophora: Lymnaeidae) Bambang Retnoaji
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 9, No 2 (2003)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12230

Abstract

The effects of molluscicides exposure, metaldehyde and niclosamide, on the behavior and reproductive capacity of Radix quadrasi was studied under laboratory conditions. R quadrasi were exposed to different concentration-rates of niclosamide: 0, 0.045, 0.058 and 0.075 mg/L, and of metaldehyde: 0, 100, 112 and 130 mg/L. The symptoms of poisoning of treated snails were observed closely throughout the duration of the experiment. Observations were made three times: at the beginning of treatment (0 hour), 12 hours, and 24 hours after exposure. The surviving R. quadrasi were maintained for one month to determine their reproductive capacity. Results indicated that there was immediate reaction of the snails to molluscicide exposure. Lower concentration-rates of molluscicide triggered water-leaving behavior. Such behavior occurred in all of the low and medium concentration-rates of niclosamide and metaldehyde, as well as in some snails from the control group. By contrast, higher concentration-rates caused almost instantaneous immobility. Niclosamide and metaldehyde also significantly reduced the reproductive capacity of R. quadrasi. The number of egg masses and eggs laid varied with the treatments. However, the incubation period of the treated eggs was not statistically different from the treated ones. This study showed that both niclosamide and metaldehyde significantly affected the behavior and reproductive capacity of the R. quadrasi. Between the two molluscicides used in this experiment, niclosamide was more toxic than metaldehyde.
Effects of Population Density and Host Availability on The Migration Process of Brown Planthopper Fed Using Susceptible and Resistant Rice Varieties Imam Habibi; Witjaksono Witjaksono; Arman Wijonarko
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 20, No 2 (2016)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.17732

Abstract

Brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens Stal. (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), is an important pest of rice. This pest can cause hopperburn and field failure. This research aimed to determine the effects of population density and host availability on migration of N. lugens. The criteria used to justify the effects of host availability and population density on migration of N. lugens were based the hardness and tannin tests of the rice stems, fecundity of N. lugens, and the life cycle of N. lugens. The research was conducted under the temperature of 29.42°C with relative humidity of 61% and Light 12: Dark 12 times, using ten pairs of N. lugens brachypterous (F0 constant) and then was added with five male adults on fifth days after the first infestation (F0 changed). The varieties used were IR64, as a resistant variety, and Ketan Lusi, as a susceptible variety. The results showed that the adding of the macropterous males did not affect the number of macropterous, because of that has been preplanned by the F0. Therefore, the percentage of existing macropterous was 51−52%. INTISARI Wereng Batang Cokelat (WBC) merupakan salah satu hama tanaman padi yang sangat penting. Kerusakan parah dapat menyebabkan hopperburn dan puso (gagal panen). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh kepadatan populasi dan tanaman inang sebagai tempat migrasi WBC. Parameter yang dikaji untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepadatan populasi WBC dan tanaman inang tempat migrasi WBC berdasarkan tingkat kekerasan dan kandungan tanin batang tanaman padi, fekunditas WBC, dan siklus hidup WBC. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada temperatur 29.42˚C dengan kelembapan relatif 61% dan durasi siang hari 12 jam: durasi malam hari 12 jam. Metode yang dilakukan adalah dengan menggunakan 10 pasang imago WBC brakhiptera (F0 konstan), kemudian dilakukan penambahan 5 ekor imago jantan pada hari kelima setelah infestasi awal (F0 diubah). Varietas padi yang digunakan yaitu padi varietas IR64 sebagai varietas tahan dan ketan Lusi sebagai varietas rentan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penambahan imago jantan makroptera tidak berpengaruh terhadap jumlah keturunan makroptera yang dihasilkan, karena imago (F0) telah merencanakan terlebih dahulu keturunan yang akan dihasilkan. Oleh karena itu, persentase terbentuk keturunan imago makroptera berkisar antara 51−52%. 
Symptoms Induction by Pseudorecombination of RNA Species Between CMV Strains W. S. Wahyuni; Y. Sulyo; I. B. Raharjo; E. B. Trisusilowati
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 6, No 2 (2000)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12370

Abstract

Twenty seven strains of CMV have been collected throughout Java, they have four RNA species and none of them contain satellite RNA. The exchange of RNA species of strains belonging to subgroup I and II for pseudorecombination induced mild to severe symptoms on Nicotiana glutinosa. By aphid transmission, the CMV pseudorecombinant could produce a typical symptom of one of its parental strain or expressed unlikely symptoms as those of either parental strains on N. glutinosa. Some plants with mild symptoms were detected to be positive by Indirect ELISA.
Ekstraksi, Karakterisasi dan Daya Penghambatan Kitosan Alami terhadap Jamur Colletotrichum musae secara In Vitro Tunjung Pamekas; Christanti Sumardiyono; Nursamsi Pusposendjojo; Didik Indradewa
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 15, No 1 (2009)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.11764

Abstract

In order to enhance food safety, the use of chemical pesticides on agriculture must be minimized, especially on postharvest processing. One of the alternative ways is the use of natural chitosan. Chitosan has good prospect as an alternative compound to chemical pesticides to be used on postharvest processing for agriculture products which are potential as exported commodity, such as banana cv. Ambon Curup, exotic fruit from Bengkulu. The aims of this research were to extract and characterize chitosan and to evaluate the inhibition of chitosan to Colletotrichum musae. Methods of experiment were (1) extraction of chitosan, (2) characterization of chitosan, and (3) inhibition test of chitosan to the pathogen in vitro. The parameters observed were the growth and colour of colony, the measurement and density of conidia and the dry weight of mycelium. The result indicated that the texture of chitosan were flake-powder with white-brownish colour, had a little bit odor of fish and pH were 7.5–13. The deacetylated degree of chitosan were around 74.27–75.64%. The in vitro test indicated that the kind of chitosan treatments gave no significant effect to the growth and colony colour, the measurement and density of conidia and the dry weight of mycelium. However the concentration of chitosan treatments were significantly effect all parameters. The chitosan on 20 mg/ml could inhibit the colony growth up to 81.20%, the conidial density up to 46.5%, the measurement of conidia up to 19.4%, and the dry weight of mycelium up to 59.46%. Chitosan had no effect to the colour of fungal colony. 
Specific Effects of Carbofuran on Rice Agrosystem in Yogyakarta Plant Growth and Rice Stem Borer Populations Eddy Mahrub; A. Pollet
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 2, No 2 (1996)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12883

Abstract

The effectiveness of carbofuran in controlling lowland rice stem borers in traditional farming systems was studied by looking at its impact on the whole rice agroecosystem. Levels of infestation, rice yield, damage to the plant, parasitism rates, and distribution of damage were compared after medium, high, and no (control) dosages were applied to lowland rice fields near Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Although larvae were found to be more numerous in control plots, the damage attributable to them was not significantly different. Their spatial distribution, however, differed radically. The authors concluded that carbofuran might affect pest populations at two different levels: by discouraging or preventing rice stem borers from laying their eggs on rice, and by delaying or eliminating natural enemies attacks on rice stem borers. Both levels were determined by comparing the distribution of damage in treated fields with untreated fields. In the treated fields, distributions of larvae seemed to reflect initial grouping of eggs, producing a random distribution of groups, while in the control fields larvae were found in random distribution of individuals.
Injuries on Seedlings Caused by Potential Weed in Tropical Rain Forest Regeneration Areas Sumardi Sumardi; S. M. Widyastuti
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 6, No 1 (2000)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12393

Abstract

The experiment aimed to assess the injuries on Shorea seedlings caused by weed in artificial regeneration of tropical rain forest in Jambi. Four planting systems, strip nurse planting (using Acacia mangium, Paraserianthes falcataria and Gmelina arborea), line planting, gap planting and natural regeneration, were used. Seedling injuries were assessed based on part of seedling suppressed. Results indicated that Shorea seedling suffered from varying degrees of injuries, depending on weed species and part of the seedling suppressed. The dominance of weed and damage intensity were determined by the level of canopy opening on the planting systems. Ground cover dominated rapidly in open canopy, causing up to 55.27% injuries on the seedlings in the strips of G. arborea and P. falcataria. Whereas creepers and vines became dominant in moderate canopy opening. The injury of Shorea seedling planted under nurse tree was determined by the species and planting density of nurse tree used. Light canopy nurse tree such as P. falcataria failed to suppress ground weed, but in the contrary, A. mangium with heavy canopy still allowed creepers and vines to grow.
Observasi dan Identifikasi Virus yang Menginfeksi Bawang Merah di Jawa Tuty Arisuryanti; Budi Setiadi Daryono; Sedyo Hartono; Anak Agung Gde Raka Swastika
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 14, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.11883

Abstract

This study was conducted to observe and identify viruses from infected shallots in several shallot planting center. The observation was done in eight areas of three provinces (Yogyakarta, Central Java, and East Java). Leaves from shallot plants and shallot germination showing virus symptoms were examined. The leaves were then investigated to identify viruses infecting shallots using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The result revealed that the type of virus symptoms infecting the shallots was a mozaic symptom with yellow strips. The ELISA analysis showed that Tawangmangu Biru shallot cultivar plants sampled from Blumbang, Tawangmangu (Central Java) and Philiphine Bima shallot cultivar seeds collected from Srigading, Sanden, Bantul (Yogyakarta) were positively infected by Onion Yellow Dwarf Virus (OYDV). The result also revealed that Biru, Kuning Tablet, Lokal Tawangmangu, and Bima Curut shallot cultivars had the potency to be virus resistant plants and could be considered as candidates for breeding program.
Pola Sebaran Kelompok Telur Ostrinia furnacalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) pada Beberapa Fase Pertumbuhan Tanaman Jagung (Zea mays L.) Subiadi Subiadi; Y. Andi Trisyono; Edhi Martono
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 18, No 1 (2014)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.15573

Abstract

A field study was conducted to determine the distribution of egg masses of Ostrinia furnacalis on corn leaves and within corn field. The corn field was divided into three regions: the inner edge closed to other crops and outer edge closed to main road and the middle region. The numbers of egg masses laid were recorded entirely in all corn plants existed (census method). Egg laying period lasted for 34 days, with 11 days from initiation of egg laying to the peak of oviposition and 23 days from the peak to termination of egg laying. The egg masses laid on corn leaves were distributed in aggregation pattern. During eight-opened-leaf to twelve-opened-leaf stages, there were 847 egg masses found, and 80.9% was laid on the sixth-to-ninth leaves. From tasseling to blister stages there were 491 egg masses found of which approximately 80.7% was laid on the seventh-to-11 32.8, and 29.8% of those were found in the inner edge, middle, and outer edge of corn field, respectively. leaves. Egg masses laid within corn field varied, in which 37.4, 32.8, and 29.8% of those were found in the inner edge, middle, and outer edge of corn field, respectively. Kajian lapang dilaksanakan untuk mengetahui pola sebaran peletakan kelompok telur ngengat Ostrinia furnacalis pada daun tanaman jagung dan penyebarannya pada lahan pertanaman jagung. Lahan penelitian dibagi menjadi tiga kelompok yaitu lahan pinggir dalam berdekatan dengan pertanaman lain, bagian tengah lahan, dan lahan pinggir luar berdekatan dengan jalan raya. Pengamatan kelompok telur dilakukan pada seluruh tanaman jagung (sensus). Periode peletakan telur berlangsung selama 34 hari, dengan periode inisiasi hingga puncak 11 hari dan periode setelah puncak hingga akhir peletakan telur 23 hari. Peletakan telur O. furnacalis pada daun tanaman jagung menyebar secara berkelompok. Pada fase 8 hingga 10 daun telah terbuka sempurna ditemukan sebanyak 847 kelompok telur, 80,9% diantaranya  ditemukan pada daun ke 6–9. Pada fase VT (bunga jantan) hingga fase R2 (bunga betina telah kering) ditemukan sebanyak 491 kelompok telur, 80,7% diantaranya ditemukan pada daun 7–11. Penyebaran kelompok telur pada bagian lahan terjadi secara berkelompok. Jumlah kelompok telur tertinggi berturut-turut dari bagian lahan pinggir dalam, bagian tengah lahan, dan bagian lahan pinggir luar masing-masing 37,4; 32,8; dan 29,8%. 
Laporan Baru Tentang Dacus longicornis dan Dacus petioliforma (Diptera:Tephritidae) di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta Suputa Suputa; Edhi Martono; Dwi Hastuti Handayani; Rina Ediati
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 10, No 2 (2004)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.12202

Abstract

Research was conducted in Jogjakarta from April to October 2004, to know the existence and description of Dacus spp, in Indonesia especially in Jogjakarta Special Province: The result of the exploration shows that there are two species of Dacus spp. attracted to cue lure traps. The species are Dacus (Callantra) longicornis and Dacus (Callantra) petioliforma with characteristics as follows: notopleuron and mesopleural stripe are brownish on D. longicornis and yellow on D. petioliforma; mesonotum uniformly red-brown with midline dark marking and a small yellowish spot present on D. petioliforma and absent on D. longicomis; apical scutellum is brown fulvous on D. longicomis and yellow on D. petioliforma, on both of them are broad black fulvous on basal band.
Infeksi Ganda Begomovirus dan Crinivirus pada Tanaman Tomat di Kabupaten Magelang, Jawa Tengah Fitri Kusumaningrum; Sedyo Hartono; Sri Sulandari; Susamto Somowiyarjo
Jurnal Perlindungan Tanaman Indonesia Vol 19, No 2 (2015)
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jpti.17542

Abstract

Since 2006, a yellowing disease has been observed in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) fields in Central Java, Indonesia. Epidemics of the diseases were mainly associated with populations of the whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum and Bemisia tabaci, the major whitefly pests in vegetable crops. The main symptoms were severe yellowing on lower leaves, and curling on upper leaves of plant. Total DNA was extracted from tomato leaves using CTAB methods, while total RNA was extracted using NucleoSpin RNA Plant extraction kit (Macherey-Nagel). Because of occurring mixed symptom on an individual plant, hereby it is important to detect the causal agent to manage of the disease. Samples from symptomatic plants were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and shown to be infected with Tomato infectious chlorosis virus (TICV) (family Closteroviridae, genus Crinivirus) and a virus species belongs to the genus Begomovirus, family Geminiviridae. The research result is the first report of Crinivirus and Begomovirus double infection in single tomato fields in Indonesia. INTISARIPenyakit kuning pada tanaman tomat (Lycopersicon esculentum) telah ditemukan sejak tahun 2006 di Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Epidemi penyakit tersebut terutama berkaitan dengan keberadaan dua spesies whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum dan Bemisia tabaci). Gejala utama yang ditemukan adalah daun-daun pada tanaman bagian bawah berwarna kuning sedangkan daun daun pada tanaman bagian atas menunjukkan gejala keriting. Adanya gejala campuran pada satu individu tanaman maka perlu dideteksi penyebabnya untuk pengelolaannya. DNA total diekstraksi dari daun tomat yang terinfeksi menggunakan metode CTAB, sedangkan total RNA diekstraksi dengan menggunaan NucleoSpin RNA Plant extraction kit (Macherey-Nagel). Analisis sampel tanaman sakit menggunakan teknik poymerase chain reaction (PCR) menunjukkan adanya infeksi Tomato infectious chlorosis virus (TICV) (famili Closteroviridae, genus Crinivirus) dan satu spesies virus anggota genus Begomovirus, famili Geminiviridae. Hasil penelitian ini merupakan laporan pertama kali adanya infeksi ganda kelompok Crinivirus dan Begomovirus pada satu individu tanaman tomat di Indonesia. 

Page 32 of 51 | Total Record : 509

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