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INDONESIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY

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Published by Universitas Gadjah Mada

ISSN : 23389427 EISSN : 23389486 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Medicine & Pharmacology

Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy (ISSN-e: 2338-9486, ISSN-p: 2338-9427), formerly Majalah Farmasi Indonesia (ISSN: 0126-1037). The journal had been established in 1972, and online publication was begun in 2008. Since 2012, the journal has been published in English by Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada (UGM) Yogyakarta Indonesia in collaboration with IAI (Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia or Indonesian Pharmacist Association) and only receives manuscripts in English. Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy is Accredited by Directorate General of Higher Education (DGHE) DIKTI No. 58/DIKTI/Kep/2013.

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Articles 706 Documents

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Synthesis of 4-phenyl-3,4-tetrahydro-indeno [2,1]-pyrimidin-2-one (LR-1) Ritmaleni, Ritmaleni; Nurcahyani, Wahyu
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 17 No 3, 2006
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The synthetic compound 4-phenyl-3,4-tetrahydro-indeno[2,1]- pyrimidin-2-one 20a (LR-1) was synthesised using Biginelli reaction method. The reaction involved benzaldehyde 6, 2-indanone 2 and urea 7 in acid condition. This condensation reaction yielded 15 % of the product 20, at 133,4-135,0oC of melting point and 0.15 (Et2O : CHCl3 = 1 : 3) of RfÂ value.Keywords : benzaldehyde, indenone-2, urea

REVIEW OF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITIES OF HYDRAZONES Ali, Md. Rahmat; Marella, Akranth; Alam, Md. Tauquir; Naz, Ruksar; Akhter, Mymoona; Shaquiquzzaman, Md.; Saha, Rikta; Tanwar, Omprakash; Alam, Md. Mumtaz; Hooda, Jyoti
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 23 No 4, 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Hydrazones possess an azomethine –NHN=CH group and are considered as derivatives of aldehydes and ketones in which the oxygen atom has been replaced by the NNH2 functional group. These are widely studied molecules owing to their ease of preparation and diverse pharmacological potential. This has led researchers to synthesize different heterocyclic compounds bearing hydrazones. Medicinal chemists across the world have done immense work on hydrazones and developed agents with better activity and low toxicity profiles. Following different synthetic protocols and through proper SAR studies differently substituted hydrazones have been developed and found to be active against different pharmcological targets. They are known to possess different biological activities viz. antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, anticancer, antimalarial etc. These observations have been guiding for the development of new hydrazones that possess varied biological activities. The review aims at highlighting the diverse biological activities of hydrazones.Key words: Azomethine, Hydrazones, Pharmacological Potential

Hypocholesterolemic and hypoglicemic effects of butyrylated arrowroot starch on Sprague Dawley rats ., Damat; Marsono, Y.; ., Haryadi; Cahyanto, M. N.
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 19 No 3, 2008
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

The aim of research is to investigate the hypocholesterolemic and hypoglicemic effects of butyrylated arrowroot starch in rat. The study was carried out using 30 Sprague Dawley rats which were divided into 5 groups of six rats. Each group was fed with different diets, i.e. diet containing butyrylated arrowroot starch with different degrees of substitution (DS of 0; 0.053; 0.120 and 0.187) and standard diet (AIN93). After 34 days feeding, the rats were killed and the blood was taken and analyzed for total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and glucose concentrations. The result showed that rats fed with diet containing butyrylated arrowroot starch had lower concentration of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, glucose, and triglyceride, but the HDL cholesterol concentration was higher than those fed with arrowroot starch and standard diet AIN93. The higher the degree of substitution of the starch in the diet gave improved on those parameters. Butyrylated arrowroot starch has hypocholesterolemic and hypoglycemic effect.Key word: Butyrylated arrowroot starch, hypocholesterolemic, hypoglicemic

The effect of combination therapy of sulfonylurea, metformin, and acarbose in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients Tri Murti Andayani; Mohamed Izham Mohamed Ibrahim; Ahmad H. Asdie
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 4, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Diabetes mellitus is a complex disorder that involves multiple pathophysiological defects. As the disease progresses, further functional decline in β-cell is apparent. In most cases, patients on oral antidiabetic therapy will require not only an increase in dose, but also the addition of a second or third oral agent. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of triple therapy with sulfonylurea, metformin, and acarbose in patients with poorly controlled glycemia. The study design was a prospective observational study in 49 type 2 diabetic patients followed in Department of Endocrinology RSUP Dr Sardjito Indonesia from May 2007 to September 2008. Patients with hypertension were included if their blood pressure was well controlled with antihypertensive medication. All patients with documented gastrointestinal disease were excluded. At baseline and at 3-month intervals, levels of HbA1C, fasting and postprandial plasma glucose, hypoglycemic episodes, and edverse event were evaluated. Fourty nine patients, 22 men and 27 women, aged 62.84 +7.85 years, diabetes duration of 11.92 +6.09 years were studied. The initial HbA1C level was 8.08 +1.89 % which significantly increased to 8.73 +2.37 % (p<0.05). Only 32.98 % of subjects achieved target value of HbA1C (≤ 7 %). Fasting and post-prandrial plasma glucose values were increased from 160.39 +60.25 mg/dL to 170.71+56.60 mg/dL and 210.31+ 75.88 mg/dL to 218.67 +75.03 mg/dL respectively, but not significantly different. Acarbose was more frequently associated with flatulence (46 %) and abdominal bloating (12 %), metformin with flatulence (12 %), nausea (14 %), diarrhea (2 %) and abdominal discomfort (6 %). In conclusion, combination therapy of sulfonylurea, metformin, and acarbose in type 2 diabetic patients with poorly controlled glycemia can cause the additive risk of adverse events.Key words : triple therapy, glycemic control, type 2 diabetes mellitus

A COMPARATIVE BIOAVAILABILITY OF FUROSEMIDE IN SOLID DISPERSIONS FORMS Yandi Syukri; Lukman Hakim; Tedjo Yuwono
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 12 No 1, 2001
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Furosemide is a poorly soluble diuretic drug, the solubility of which can be enhanced by solid dispersion with polyvinylpirolidon (PVP). The solid dispersion system was prepared by a solvent method in various ratios of 1 : 5 and 1 : 7 of the drug and PVP, respectively, in order to improve furosemide bioavailability. The bioavailability of furosemide - PVP solid dispersion was compared with pure furosemide (control) and Lasix (reference). The study was done in a cross over design with a single-dose peroral that administered to the white male rabbits (n = 6). Furosemide blood levels were determined spectrofluorometrically by an extraction method. The area under the blood concentration-time curve AUC0 - , peak blood concentration Cmax and time to reach peak blood concentration Tmax were used to compare their bioavailabilities. The solid dispersion systems produced a higher extent of bioavailability than pure furosemide (P < 0,05). On the contrary, no statistically significant difference about the extent of bioavailability between solid dispersion and Lasix (P > 0,05). Finally, furosemide – PVP solid dispersion (1 : 7) was the best formulation with the highest extent of bioavailability and bioequivalence with the Lasix formula.Key Word : Solid dispersion, solubility, dissolution, bioavailability, furosemide.

Isolation of aphrodisiac active fraction from sanrego bark (Lunasia amara Blanco) ., Arnida; Donatus, Imono A.; Wahyuono, Subagus
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 14 No 4, 2003
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Sanrego (Lunasia amara Blanco) bark is traditionally utilized as an aphrodisiac although scientifically has yet been proven. Therefore, this study is aimed to prove aphrodisiac activity, determine the compounds and the dose of the active fraction. Initially sanrego bark (600 g) was extracted in a Soxhlet apparatus with methanol (MeOH) to give MeOH extract (A, 80 g). The MeOH extract was fractionated by Ethylacetate (EtOAc) to give EtOAC soluble (B, relatively non-polar, 15.23 g) and EtOAc insoluble (C, relatively polar, 50.20 g). The aphrodisiac test was performed in male Wistar rats that were divided into 6 groups (5 rats each) [I, treated with Na-CMC 0.5%, 50 mg/kg BW; II, yohimbine, 5 mg/kg BW; III, distilled water , 2 ml/200 g BW; IV, extract A; V, fraction B; VI, fraction C], and the doses given to groups IV-VI were similar (10, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg BW). The maleâ€™s behaviors to female rats ( introduction, climbing and coitus ) were recorded and analysed at p= 0.5. Determination of the active compounds were performed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) using various detection reagents. The result indicated that the highest aphrodisiac effect was demonstrated by fraction B, followed by extract A and fraction C . Fraction B demonstrated introduction (84.2%), climbing (84.9%) and coitus (85.2%). TLC profile suggested that fraction B contain alkaloids and terpenoids as the main components.Keywords: Sanrego bark, Lunasia amara, Aphrodisiac, Active fraction .

Evaluation of inhibitory effect of Green Tea effervescent tablet on linoleic acid oxidation Dadan Rohdiana; Sri Raharjo; Murdijati Gardjito
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 16 No 2, 2005
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Evaluation of the inhibitory effect of green tea effervescent tablet (TETH) on linoleic acid oxidation was carried out. TETH had the highest inhibitory effect on linoleic acid as compared with BHA, BHT, α-tocopherol and TETH-C. On tenth days incubation, TETH inhibited of linoleic acid oxidation is 50.64% followed by TETH-C, α-tocopherol, BHT and BHA as 33.83%; 33.40%; 29.51% and 26.39% respectivelly. TETH had a inhibitory effect is 1.5 times more than TETH-C and α-tocopherol or 1.7 and 1.9 times more than BHT and BHA respectivelly.Key words: inhibitory effect, green tea effervescent tablet, linoleic acid oxidation

Influence of filler-binders on ibuprofen iablets with direct compression method Hadisoewignyo, Lannie; Teny, Gracesya Florensya; Handayani, Elok Tri; Yunita, Beby
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 22 No 4, 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Ibuprofen is a active ingredient that have low melting point, but it has poor flowability, and poor compactibility, this causes ibuprofen tablets are not suitable to be made by direct compression method. The use of appropiate filler-binders can improved the flow properties and compactibility powder that can be made by direct compression. Filler binders commonly use are Avicel PH 102, Emcompress, SDl, and Starch 1500. Formula tablet ibruprofen using Avicel PH 102 as filler-binder will produce tablet with good hardness, low friability, fast disintegrating, and high dissolution. This is because the hydrophilic properties and plastic deformation which is owned by Avicel PH 102.Key words:Ibuprofen, Avicel PH 102, direct compression

ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF ETHYL ACETATE EXTRACT OF RED Psidium guajavaL. LEAVES GROWN IN MANOKO, LEMBANG - INDONESIA Fidrianny, Irda; Hartanti, Rika; Raveendaran, Narmmatha
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 23 No 1, 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Psidium guajava L. (Myrtaceae) is a well known plant in Malaysia and Indonesia. Its leaves extract was found to possess antidiarrhea, antimicrobial, hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities. Objective of this research is to isolate an antioxidant subtance from Red Psidium guajava L. leaves. The crude leaves was extracted using Soxhlet apparatus by gradual polarity of three different solvents, n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol. Antioxidant activity of each extract was tested by using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging method. Total phenol, total flavonoid and total tannin content of the extracts were also measured. Ethyl acetate extract was fractionated using vacuum liquid chromato-graphy for fractionation. Purification was performed using TLC preparative. Isolate then characterized using specific spray reagent, UV-Vis spectrophotometry and infrared spectrophotometry. Crude drug of Psidiumguajava contained flavonoid, tannin, quinone, saponin and steroid/ triterpenoid. Antioxidant activity of ethyl acetate extract is 65.63% with total phenol 4.25%, total flavonoid 0.53% and total tannin 1.16%. Antioxidant compound N was isolated from ethyl acetate extract.Antioxidant compound N was supposed to be aglycone flavone that has OH at C -4’, C-5 and C-7.Key words: Psidium guajava L. , antioxidant activity, ethyl acetate extract

Chemical investigation on Indonesian marine sponge Mycale phyllophila Hertiani, Triana; Edrada, Ru Angelie; Van Soest, Rob W.M.; ., Sudarsono; Muller, Werner E.G.; Proksch, Peter
Indonesian Journal of Pharmacy Vol 20 No 3, 2009
Publisher : Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Skip Utara, 55281, Indonesia

Chemical investigation on marine sponge Mycale phyllophila collected from Bali, Indonesia has been performed. This study was aimed to isolate and to identify structures of the sponge secondary metabolites as well as to test their cytotoxic activity on mouse lymphoma cell line L5178Y.The sponge extract was fractionated by liquid-liquid partition followed with a vacuum liquid chromatography method. Structure elucidation was performed on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis involving one and two dimensional NMR spectroscopy as well as mass spectrometry. Cytotoxicity was tested on mouse lymphoma cell line L5178Y by using the microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay. This study found a mixture of 5-pentadecyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde and (6’E)-5-(6’pentadecenyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde as major constituents of the sponge extract. Those compounds were expected to be the active constituent to show growth inhibition of mouse lymphoma cell line (L5178Y) in vitro.Key words : Mycale phyllophila, cytotoxic agent, NMR spectroscopy.

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