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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences

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Published by Universitas Brawijaya

ISSN : 20875517 EISSN : 25274376 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.

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Articles 8 Documents

Search results for , issue "Vol 9, No 3 (2019)" : 8 Documents clear

Malondialdehyde (MDA) Ovary and Estradiol Blood Serum Levels of Premenopause White Rat (Rattus norvegicus) after Turmeric Powder (Curcuma longa L.) Treatment Suprihatin, Teguh; Widyarti, Sri; Rifa'i, Muhaimin; Rahayu, Sri
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Premenopause is a physiological condition in a female individual that has entered the aging period, a condition usually characterized by elevated MDA levels and decreased estrogen levels. The objective of this study was to determine the level of ovarian MDA and estradiol serum levels of premenopausal white rat blood after oral turmeric powder treatment. The animals used were 30 female Wistar strains white rat, age 12 months with an average body weight 200-250 g. The animals were divided into 6 groups, namely the negative control group (P0) with 4 ml/day distilled water treatment; positive control group (P1), this group was treated with pure curcumin powder 6.75 mg/kg BW; treatment group 1 (P2), group was treated with turmeric powder 100 mg/kg BW; treatment group 2 (P3); treatment group 3 (P4); and treatment group 4 (P5), these group were treated with turmeric powder at 200 mg/kg BW; 400 mg/kg BW; and 800 mg/kg BW dose respectively. Oral Treatment was administered daily for 27 days. Blood collection was performed on days 0, 14, and 28. The ovarian collection was conducted on day 28. MDA ovarian level was measured using TBA method and blood serum estradiol level was measured using ELISA method. The results exhibited that the positive control group (P1) and the treatment group (P2-P5) showed significantly lower ovarian MDA levels compared with the negative control group (P0). The turmeric powder dose 200 mg/kg BW (P3) can increase estradiol levels by day 14 (3.32 Â± 0.26 Ïg/mL) and at day 28 (4.01 Â± 0.26 Ïg/mL).

Ecology of Rafflesia arnoldii (Rafflesiaceae) in Pandam Gadang West Sumatra Pranata, Syafroni; Sulistijorini, Sulistijorini; Chikmawati, Tatik
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Pandam Gadang has tropical forests which become the habitat of Rafflesia (Rafflesia arnoldii) which grows as a parasite of Tetrastigma (Vitaceae). Study on R. arnoldii is needed since its population continuously decrease as a result of habitat destruction of its host. The aim of the study was to determine habitat conditions, vegetation structure, and characteristic of the host species of Rafflesia; to identify environmental factors, and determine the Rafflesia habitat suitability in Pandam Gadang Koto Tinggi Village, West Sumatra. Analysis of vegetation in the habitat where Rafflesia grows using a circular plot. The number of individuals Rafflesia found was recorded and completed with observations of its morphology. Micro-climate measurements were carried out together with data collection in the field. Flower morphological analysis was descriptively presented. Environmental parameters were-processed with Canoco software 4.56 using Canonical Correspondence Analysis. Habitat suitability was analyzed using Maximum Entropy. The 17 Rafflesia individuals found on Pandam Gadang were R. arnoldii, known as "Cendawan Biriang", living parasitically on Tetrastigma leucostaphylum. The results of analysis of vegetation in the Rafflesia habitat showed that there were 250 individual plants consisting of 42 species and 21 genera. Seedlings most dominant was Lauraceae, belt were dominated by Moraceae, Meliaceae, and Euphorbiaceae. Trees were dominated by Euphorbiaceae, Moraceae, and Meliaceae. Existence and survival of R. arnoldii depended on soil pH 7-7.8, environmental humidity 83-91.8 % and distance from the nearest river 3-27.8 m.

New Host Record of Lutjanus gibbus for Parasitic Nerocila sp. (Crustacea, Isopo-da, Cymothoidae) from South Andaman, Andaman Islands, India Anil, Pathan; Sayeri, Paul; Jayaraj, Kadeparambil Arjunan
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

A new host of Cymothoid isopod, Nerocila sp. was identified from the dorsal surface of the body (caudal peduncle) of Lutjanidae fish Lutjanus gibbus (Forsskal, 1775) which is a new host record of isopod parasite Nerocila sp. from the coastal waters of South Andaman, Andaman Islands. This study revealed the first occurrence of this parasitic isopod (Nerocila sp.) from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. A comprehensive summary of the nominal Nerocila species recorded on different host species is provided. The present finding adds another species of isopod to the checklist of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

The DNA Sequence Encoding Actin (ACT1) of Pandan (Benstonea sp.) Roslim, Dewi Indriyani; Herman, Herman
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

One of housekeeping genes is actin gene. This gene is frequently used in gene expression studies as an internal control. The DNA sequence encoding actin from Pandan (Benstonea sp.) clone Riau has not been reported, therefore, this study investigated the DNA sequence encoding actin isolated from Benstonea sp. clone Riau. Total DNA isolation was performed in fresh leaves, total RNA isolation from stem, total cDNA synthesis, polymerase chain reaction using degenerate actin primer, electrophoresis, cloning, transformation, blue white colony selection, colony PCR, sequencing, data analysis using BioEdit and MEGA6 softwares and BLASTn program. The partial DNA sequence encoding actin from Benstonea sp. clone Riau obtained was 1,403 bp. The sequence was grouped as part of actin1 (ACT1) and it was consisted of two exons and one intron. The predicted coding and peptide sequences were 616 bp and 205 amino acids, respectively.Â The predicted coding sequence had 90% similarity to some ACT1 mRNA from some plants species but none of which belongs to Benstonea genus or Pandanaceae family. The deduced peptide sequence had similarity to some ACT1 peptide from some plant species of up to 99% and also none of them belongs to Benstonea genus or Pandanaceae family. Thus, the partial ACT1 gene obtained in this study was the first sequence reported from Benstonea genus. Furthermore, this sequence can be used as a reference to isolate actin genes from other species within Benstonea genus for gene expression analysis purposes.

Genetic Variation Analysis of EMS-Induced Chili Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) Mutants Using SSR Markers Dwinianti, Edia Fitri; Mastuti, Retno; Arumingtyas, Estri Laras
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Mutation induction with chemical mutagen ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) capable of producing genetic variation in plants. The purpose of this research was to evaluate genetic variation of EMS-induced chili pepper mutants using SSR molecular marker. Various concentration of EMS (0.01%; 0.02%; 0.04%) were applied to chili pepper seeds of Genotypes 2, 7, and 11. The genomic DNA was isolated from mutants and control plants then used for PCR analysis using three SSR primers namely CA26, CA52 and CA96. The three SSR primers were able to detect genetic variation in the three genotypes of EMS-induced chili pepper mutants and control plants. A total of 18 alleles have been identified in all three SSR loci with PIC values ranging from 0.792 to 0.893. The three genotypes of chili pepper plants had different sensitivity to EMS mutation induction. Genotype 11 plants showed higher sensitivity to EMS treatment than genotypes 2 and 7 based on the amount of genomic changes. Dendrogram constructed based on genetic similarity values distributed the mutants and control plants into three main groups with similarity coefficients ranging from 0.34 to 0.90. Similar genotype either control plant or mutants, especially Genotypes 2 and 7 were group into similar group. However, for the Genotype 11 plants, large genome changes cause mutant plants G11K1, G11K2, G11K3 had a low genetic similarity to their control plants, so the mutants were separated in a different group from the control plant. Those indicate that EMS mutation induction capable of increasing genetic variation in chili pepper plants based on SSR molecular marker.

MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION OF MALAYOPYTHON RETICULATUS (SCHNEIDER, 1801) FROM SEVERAL POPULATION IN INDONESIA Septiadi, Luhur; Fathoni, M; Hanifa, Berry Fakhry; Hamidy, Amir
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) is a widely distributed snake covering throughout Southeast Asia and almost all of Indonesia archipelago and divided into several subspecies based on morphological variation and its locality. Morphological variation data of M. reticulatus from Indonesia population has never been done thoroughly. This study aims to determine the morphological variations based on 21 meristic and 3 morphometric characters from several populations in Indonesia. The data was collected from the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) Cibinong, Indonesia and other additional collections that are carried out from June to July 2018 and then analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to determine the population grouping. The result showed a high variation on the scale range of anterior prefrontal, posterior prefrontal, frontal, parietal, preocular, postocular, loreal, temporal, upper labial, lower labial, and dorsal scales. Ventral and subcaudal scales in male and female specimens show high variation in the total scale count, the ratio comparison of tl: SVL measurement, indicated the sexual dimorphism. Prefrontal (anterior-posterior) and frontal scales show high variation and difficult to distinguish between each locality at the subspecies level and suggest it to be intra-specific variation. There is no significant grouping were found between populations from data on morphological variations.

The Use of Natural Phenomenon in Obtaining Pregnant Rats and Mice as Experimental Animals with The Same Gestational Ages Sardjono, Teguh Wahju; Gondo, Harry Kurniawan; Nugraha, Rivo Yudhinata Brian; Putri, Anisa Tiara; Effendy, Meyland Citra Oktri Sienty
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Hormonal oestrus synchronization is often used to obtain the same gestational ages animal models, but it may not physiologic nor practical. This research was conducted to find out a simple method in obtaining physiologic pregnant experimental animals. We used 120 female rats and mice each, divided into 16 groups with 15 members each. They were classified according to the state of parities, pair or group mating, and synchronization of oestrous. The estrous synchronization is done by utilizing the natural phenomenon (Lee-Boot, Pheromone, and Whitten effect). All nulliparous and multiparous models then were simultaneously mated for one night in pairs (1:1) or in groups (1:5) subsequently. Pregnancy rates were noted based on the number of models delivering pups on day 19-23 post-mating. The highest pregnancy rate was noted in group of multiparous, synchronized and monogamous rats (86.7%), followed by nulliparous, synchronized and monogamous rats (73.3%) and multiparous, synchronized and monogamous mice (60%) (p<0.05). Synchronization of the estrous and monogamous mating of rats or mice had significant roles in pregnancy rates (p<0.05). To get a high number of pregnant rats or mice models, we suggest to use the multiparous, estrous synchronized and monogamous simultaneous mating within one night.

Population Abundance of Scales (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) and The Parasitoids on the Apple Crop Supriadi, Khojin
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

These last few years, scales pest infestation on the apple crop in Batu city is a problem that has yet to be controlled. Scales infestations are always there at the apple crop but different population levels at each stage of the apple crop growth. Patterns of population abundance of scales that are synchronized with the apple crop growth stages need to be understood and the basis for the control of scales infestation. The study was conducted in July 2012 until January 2013 in Bumiaji, Batu City. The study was conducted at two locations that have a different altitude, each in Binangun village the altitude of Â± 900 meters above sea level and in the Tulungrejo village that have altitude Â± 1.515 meters above sea level. Results from this study are the pattern of population abundance of scales are linear with the average level of high population caused not found parasitoid as a result of excessive use of insecticides and biodiversity is low. The pattern of population abundance of scales began to rise sharply in the phase of thinning and covering of apple fruit. If required the application of insecticide should be addressed at the time of first instar scales and adult males, but it must be carried out carefully so as not to kill non-target insects.

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