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MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATION OF MALAYOPYTHON RETICULATUS (SCHNEIDER, 1801) FROM SEVERAL POPULATION IN INDONESIA Septiadi, Luhur; Fathoni, M; Hanifa, Berry Fakhry; Hamidy, Amir
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 9, No 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Reticulated python (Malayopython reticulatus) is a widely distributed snake covering throughout Southeast Asia and almost all of Indonesia archipelago and divided into several subspecies based on morphological variation and its locality. Morphological variation data of M. reticulatus from Indonesia population has never been done thoroughly. This study aims to determine the morphological variations based on 21 meristic and 3 morphometric characters from several populations in Indonesia. The data was collected from the Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense (MZB) Cibinong, Indonesia and other additional collections that are carried out from June to July 2018 and then analyzed by Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to determine the population grouping. The result showed a high variation on the scale range of anterior prefrontal, posterior prefrontal, frontal, parietal, preocular, postocular, loreal, temporal, upper labial, lower labial, and dorsal scales. Ventral and subcaudal scales in male and female specimens show high variation in the total scale count, the ratio comparison of tl: SVL measurement, indicated the sexual dimorphism. Prefrontal (anterior-posterior) and frontal scales show high variation and difficult to distinguish between each locality at the subspecies level and suggest it to be intra-specific variation. There is no significant grouping were found between populations from data on morphological variations.
STRUKTUR KOMUNITAS ORDO ANURA DI LOKASI WISATA BEDENGAN DESA SELOREJO KECAMATAN DAU KABUPATEN MALANG Devi, Sandra Rafika; Septiadi, Luhur; Erfanda, Muhammad Prayogi; Hanifa, Berry Fakhry; Firizki, Dinda Tinalanisari; Nadhori, Qoyin
Jurnal Riset Biologi dan Aplikasinya Vol 1, No 2 (2019)
Publisher : Universitas Negeri Surabaya

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Abstract

Amfibi (Ordo Anura) merupakan bagian dari komponen ekosistem yang memiliki peranan sangat penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis struktur komunitas Ordo Anura di Lokasi Wisata Bedengan daerah Kabupaten Malang. Metode yang digunakan adalah Visual Encounter Survey (VES) yang dikombinasikan dengan purposive sampling melalui  jalur akuatik yang dibagi menjadi 2 zona yaitu 300×5 meter di bagian atas jembatan dan 300×5 meter di bagian bawah jembatan. Penelitian dilakukan sebelum musim penghujan, penghujan awal, dan penghujan, pada bulan Oktober-Desember 2018. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan indeks keanekaragaman Shannon-Wiener, kepadatan dan kepadatan relatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwaempat famili yang berhasil diidentifikasi yang meliputi Famili Ranidae, Bufonidae, Microhylidae, dan Megophrydae.  Perhitungan indeks keanekaragaman di Bedengan menunjukkan nilai yang rendah yakni sebesar 0,96. Kepadatan dan kepadatan relatif mengalami kenaikan dimulai dari sebelum penghujan, penghujan awal dan pada saat musim penghujan, akan tetapi keanekaragaman mengalami fluktuasi.
The In Silico Analysis and Identification of Possible Inhibitor of H5N1 Virus: Compounds Analysis and Identification of Possible Neuraminidase Inhibitors Syafrudin, Syafrudin; Septiadi, Luhur; Alfaruqi, Nuri Thobibatus Shofia; Wahyudi, Didik; Kharisma, Viol Dhea
Bioinformatics and Biomedical Research Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018): Volume 1 Issue 2
Publisher : Future Science

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Abstract

Fingerroot (Boesenbergia pandurata (Roxb.)) belongs to the family Zingiberaceae (Ginger). B. pandurata has pharmacological benefits such as neuroprotective, chemoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-angiogenic, antioxidant, an inhibitor of protease enzyme NS2B/NS3 dengue virus, Japanese encephalitis virus and swine flu virus (H1N1). This study aims to determine the most effective compounds from B. pandurata as neuraminidase inhibitors of H5N1 virus. The amino acid sequence for neuraminidase of avian influenza A virus subtype H5N1 of A/China/GD02/2006 was retrieved from protein sequence database at NCBI. Then, modeled by Swiss Model. Analyse of molecular docking was performed using PyRx and the interactions between neuraminidase inhibitors of H5N1 and B. pandurata active compound was analyzed by PyMol software and LigPlot+ software. From the 30 active compounds which have been docked, 4-hydroxypanduratin A, rubranine, boesenbergin B, boesenbergin A, 5,7-dimethoxyflavone, and tectochrysin had an equal or smaller free binding energy than control compound. 4-hydroxypanduratin A proved to be the most potent active compound as a neuraminidase inhibitor (NA 1) because it has the most negative binding energy and the same amino acid binding residue with the control compound. Therefore, 4-hydroxypanduratin A is predicted to be used as inhibitors of neuraminidase in the H5N1 virus.
Prediction of Novel Bioactive Compound from Zingiber officinale as Non-nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTIs) of HIV-1 through Computational Study Kharisma, Viol Dhea; Septiadi, Luhur; Syafrudin, Syafrudin
Bioinformatics and Biomedical Research Journal Vol. 1 No. 2 (2018): Volume 1 Issue 2
Publisher : Future Science

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Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) is one of the viruses of that causes AIDS in humans and disease outbreaks in this modern era. Reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme though to be the functional enzyme that play a role on the HIV-1 virus replication. Bioactive compounds contained on Ginger (Zingiber officinale) is known to inhibit viral replication. This study aims to determine the alternative bioactive compounds contained on Ginger (Zingiber officinale) as as a non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (NNRTIs) HIV-1 inhibitors through computational study. The reverse transcriptase (RT) enzyme model was retrieved from protein sequence database (PDB) and validated with Ramachandran Plot and the compound contained on Ginger was retrieved from database. Analysis of molecular docking, performed using PyRx and the interactions between Reverse Transcriptase (RT) enzyme of HIV-1 virus and Zingiber officinale active compound was analyzed by PyMol and LigPlot+, also the drug-likeness molecule properties with The Lipinski Rule’s of Five. From 24 active compound which have been docked, ?-sitosterol proven to be the most potential bioactive compound as inhibitors of Reverse Transcriptase (RT) enzyme because it has more negative binding energy and the same amino acid residue with the control. Therefore, ?-sitosterol is predicted to be used as non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase (NNRTIs) HIV-1 inhibitors.
Ecology of Hornbill Food Trees at Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park Muhammad Rizqi Mukhtadin; Nurcahyani, Nuning; Zen, Tresa Variyani; Septiadi, Luhur; Utoyo, Laji
Media Konservasi Vol. 28 No. 3 (2023): Media Konservasi Vol 28 No 3 December 2023
Publisher : Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism - IPB University

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29244/medkon.28.3.262-272

Abstract

Hornbills play an important role in maintaining tree gene flow among fragmented populations in forests. But hornbill populations in Asia have been declining, mainly due to loss of forest cover and poaching. The presence of hornbills in a forest is highly dependent on environmental factors such as the condition of food trees in their habitat. The purpose of this study was to determine the spatial distribution, dispersion patterns, density, importance value index, and diversity of hornbill food trees at Sukaraja Atas Resort (SA) and Balik Bukit Resort (BB) of Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park (BBSNP). We investigated a total of 10 transects (50 survey plots) for both SA and BB by collecting data on all types of hornbill food trees with a minimum diameter of 10 cm at breast height (DBH). We recorded 64 hornbill food tree species with a total of 98 individuals, which have a clumped and uniform dispersion pattern. This study showed that Lauraceae dominated in both resorts with the highest relative density and importance value index. The results of the diversity index show that 9 transects have moderate diversity whereas 1 transect has low diversity; there was no significant difference between SA and BB. It can be concluded that the existing food trees in SA and BB may support the hornbill populations.
Could Road Structures Impact the Avian Community? A Study Case from the South Coast Remained Forest in Malang Region, East Java Province, Indonesia: Impact of Road Structures on Avian Community Nurrofik, Agus; Hakim, Luchman; Septiadi, Luhur; Kurniawan, Nia
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 2 (2024)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.02.10

Abstract

The remaining tropical forest on the south coast of the Malang region is one of the secluded areas that served as an important habitat for its biodiversity, particularly for avians. Nevertheless, the presence of the road structure that crosses over the forest might impact avian communities, which needs to be investigated. The avian survey was conducted to investigate the diversity, community profiles, abundance, and feeding guild based on two different ecosystem patches (on the roads versus outside the road structures) during January–April 2022. The audiovisual encounter methods were performed during the surveys on a total of ten sampling points. Avian species were identified using field guides where the conservation status was based on the national regulation (P106 KLHK), CITES, and IUCN Redlist. The comparison through the avian community based on species richness was analyzed using Venn Diagrams and predicted using rarefaction and interpolation curves on INEXT packages. Additionally, the comparison of sizes of avian abundance was investigated using the α-diversity parameter index, and the feeding guild was determined by five diet guilds. In total, 2536 individuals from 67 species, 34 families, and 13 orders were found during the survey. The avian communities were richer outside the road structure, but their abundance qualitatively reveals that both different ecosystem patches showed relatively good condition. Overall, road structures generate both positive (unique habitat patches) and negative (physical barriers that could disrupt natural ecological processes) impacts on avian diversity. In light of these, sustainable management and conservation action plans were urgently needed to prevent the negative effects on avian communities posed by the road structure.
The Ecological Character of Water-Bioindicator Macroinvertebrates on Various Agricultural Management: Ecology of Water-Bioindicators in Agriculture kurnianto, Agung sih; Septiadi, Luhur; Hamidah, Wanda; Magvira, Nur Laila; Sholikah, Ummi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 14 No. 3 (2024): In Press
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.14.03.12

Abstract

In Indonesia, horticulture is a crucial part of agriculture, heavily reliant on agrochemicals. This study in East Java's Jember and Bondowoso regencies compared conventional and organic farming methods, focusing on their effects on aquatic macroinvertebrates as bioindicators. Research included sites practicing conventional horticulture (cabbage, chili) and organic rice farming. Measurements of water current, pH, conductivity, dissolved oxygen, and temperature were taken, along with macroinvertebrate sampling. Significant differences were found in pH, conductivity, and water current, but not in dissolved oxygen and temperature. Organic farming showed higher macroinvertebrate diversity and lower dominance, especially the Baetidae family. While BMWP-ASPT and EPT scores were similar across methods, organic farming rated unpolluted in biotilik scores. Hierarchical cluster analysis, PCA, and CCA revealed factors influencing the ecological impacts of farming practices. The study underscores how different agricultural methods affect macroinvertebrate diversity, highlighting their role as environmental indicators. This reflects the diverse ecological impacts of agricultural management practices.
The best way to the trap: An ecological study of coffee berry borer (Hypothenemus hampei) preference to several volatile compounds Kurnianto, Agung Sih; Haryadi, Nanang Tri; Dewi, Nilasari; Pamungkas, A. S. P.; Magvira, Nur Laila; Septiadi, Luhur
Jurnal Hama dan Penyakit Tumbuhan Tropika Vol. 24 No. 2 (2024): SEPTEMBER, JURNAL HAMA DAN PENYAKIT TUMBUHAN TROPIKA: JOURNAL OF TROPICAL PLAN
Publisher : Universitas Lampung

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.23960/jhptt.224223-232

Abstract

This study explored the effectiveness of ethanol and methanol as attractants for controlling the coffee berry borer (CBB), Hypothenemus hampei Ferr 1867, a significant pest in global coffee plantations. The research aimed to assess the efficiency of these substances as attractant traps for CBB in Kaliselogiri, Banyuwangi, Indonesia. Using a single-factor randomized block design, the experiment involved nine treatments, each replicated three times, with modified PTE traps of 2 L volume set up at 1.5 m height. Traps were checked weekly to monitor CBB attack intensity before and after applying attractants. Statistical analyses including the Mann-Whitney Non-parametric test and Duncan’s test were used to examine variations across blocks and weeks. Abundance boxplot graphs offered descriptive insights. Over six weeks, 14,044 CBB’s were captured. The peak was in the third week, with a decline in the fourth, followed by a resurgence until the end of the study. The Mann-Whitney U test showed a significant p-value (p = 0.000; confidence level = 5%), confirming the effectiveness of the attractants on CBB. Of the treatments, K6 (Ethanol: Methanol = 2:1) was most effective. Ethanol and methanol proved to be efficient lures in CBB management traps, with ethanol particularly effective in larger compositions, suggesting its wider application. These results support the use of attractant-based strategies for CBB control and highlight the importance of ethanol and methanol. Further research is needed to optimize attractant compositions and assess long-term impacts on CBB populations and agroecosystems. The ecological consequences, including potential effects on non-target species and overall sustainability, warrant further investigation. In summary, this study advances CBB management through attractant-based traps, emphasizing the importance of ethanol.
Habitat suitability modelling of Rhacophorus reinwardtii (Schlegel, 1840) in Java, with notes on habitat characteristics from Malang, East Java Kurniawan, Nia; Fathoni, Muhammad; Assiddiqy, Miftah Farid; Septiadi, Luhur; Rijalullah, Muhammad Asyraf
Journal of Tropical Biodiversity and Biotechnology Vol 9, No 2 (2024): June
Publisher : Universitas Gadjah Mada

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22146/jtbb.84459

Abstract

The distribution of the Reinwardt's Gliding Frog, Rhacophorus reinwardtii (Schlegel, 1840), was recently thought to be restricted in Java. Furthermore, the constant and rapid deforestation in Java highlight the significance of the frog's habitat requirements in establishing the accurate species' conservation status. This study aims to predict the suitable habitat for this species in Java and to identify the habitat characteristics in Malang Region-East Java. Using the Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt) approach, we modelled the distribution of species and examined numerous types of breeding sites in Malang Region. Our findings revealed that the species inhabits a much more restricted and fragmented habitat in Java, where it inhabits both forest and agroforestry areas. 
PRELIMINARY OBSERVATION ON NESTING ECOLOGY OF ENDANGERED BROWN-CHEEKED BULBUL (ALOPHOIXUS BRES) IN JATIMULYO AGROFORESTRY Nurrofik, Agus; Arifianto, Adityas; Aninnas, Afina; Suparno, Kelik; Kurnianto, Agung S.; Septiadi, Luhur; Kurniawan, Nia
TREUBIA Vol 50, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : National Research and Innovation Agency

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/treubia.v50i1.4560

Abstract

We found an active nest of endangered Brown-cheeked Bulbul (Alophoixus bres) with two chicks in nest-adoption program at Jatimulyo village, Yogyakarta province, Indonesia on 19 December 2021. It was placed on the lateral branch of apus bamboo (Gigantochloa apus) 1.5 m high. The nest was cup-shaped, with outer diameter of ± 8 cm, inner diameter of ± 6 cm, and depth of ± 3 cm. It was made of living non-vascular plants and plant fragments. Our observation revealed that the food of the chicks was primarily comprised of insects (in the morning) and fruits (at midday). The insect preys include caterpillars, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Orthoptera and Diptera. The fruits were mangir, lempeni, and senggani.