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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 986 Documents
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Effect of alkaline protease produced from fish waste as substrate by Bacillus clausii on destaining of blood stained fabric P, Saravana kumari; R, Reshma
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 11, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.08

Abstract

Alkaline protease or peptidases are the largest group of enzymes in biological industry with variety of application in various industries to process of raw material, dehairing, diagnosis, extraction, food production and processing, destaining, etc., where the conditions prevails above neutral pH. Because of the wider applications the demand also increases for alkaline proteases, so required to produce in large scale cost effectively. An alkaline tolerant bacterial strain Bacillus clausii was isolated from fish waste and used for mass production of alkaline protease using fish waste homogenate as media. Preliminary study on optimization of conditions for the mass production carried out. The optimum temperature for protease production ranges between 25oC and 35oC and pH determined as 9. Along with fish waste homogenate, the mass production of extracellular alkaline protease from mobilized and immobilized cells of B. clausii carried out in production media, mixture of production media and fish waste homogenate and nutrient broth as standards. The recorded results showed that the maximum enzyme production obtained immobilized cells in nutrient broth media and followed by fish waste homogenate of 8900 U/ml and 8600 U/ml respectively. Purified enzyme yield was maximum obtained from production media 0.35 g/ml.  Blood stained cloth treated with immobilized enzyme completely removed stain compared to treatment with non-immobilized enzyme and commercially used detergent. So the current study suggests the usage of microbial alkaline protease in house hold detergent to replace usage of chemicals and save the environment from chemical pollutants.
The Threat of Appendix CITES-Listed Turtles Harvesting in Central Borneo and South Sumatra Fauzi, Muhammad Alif; Hamidy, Amir; Mumpuni, Mumpuni; Kurniawan, Nia
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 10, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.10.03.05

Abstract

Exploitation freshwater turtle for local consumption, medicine, and pet in several parts in Asia caused the declining populations in the wild. The purpose of this study is to evaluate of turtle harvest that listed in Appendix CITES in South Sumatra and Central Borneo. We reported the trading network of the three most exploited turtle species in South Sumatera and Central Borneo. We visited the largest middleman in the two provinces and collect the data that comprises the harvest number, prices, trade flow, catching area, and the level of harvest for local consumption. During our survey in Sampit (Central Borneo) (one week in April 2019), we recorded 667 kg of turtles were sent to a middleman and harvested from Jemaras and Sembuluh district. This amount comprises 549 individuals of Cuora amboinensis, 173 Siebenrockiella crassicollis, and one individual of Cyclemys dentata. Contrary to that, in Palembang, we did not find any delivery of turtle from the hunters. However, 387 individuals of C. amboinensis and 132 individuals of S. crassicollis were found in a middleman pool. We also recorded that local people in Central Borneo consumption of turtle meat. The national quota of C. amboinensis in Central Borneo and South Sumatra are 1700 and 2000 individuals for 2019. The national quota of S. crassicollis in South Sumatra is 500 individuals, while Central Borneo does not have any quota for this species. The realization of these wild-caught turtles indicates an over harvesting beyond the annual harvest quota. Moreover, the two middlemen are indicated to carry illegal carapace trading, although the scientific authority recommended to ban the carapace trade.
Effect of essential oils on seed borne Fusarium sp., and seed quality of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) GIRISH, K; S, Chaithra T; Fathima, Syeda Kousar
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 11, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.13

Abstract

Sesame is as an important oilseed crop and seed borne fungi are reducing the yield as well as quality of the seeds produced. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of essential oils for control of seed borne fungi as well as enhancement of seed quality of sesame. Fusarium sp., was isolated from sesame seeds by agar plate method. Four essential oils such as camphor oil, cinnamon oil, clove oil and rose oil were screened for their antifungal potential against the isolated Fusarium sp., by poisoned food method. Selected essential oils were tested at different concentrations of 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm concentrations for their ability to inhibit the mycelial growth of test fungi. All the oils completely inhibited the mycelial growth of test fungi at 500 ppm concentration. The effect of selected essential oils on sesame seed quality was analyzed by standard blotter method. All the four oils increased the germination percentage and seed vigour while the fungal infection was completely inhibited without any phytotoxic effects. These results observed of the essential oils indicate the possible usage of them for the sesame seed treatment following further investigations.
Isolation and Characterization of Fungi strains associated with Mycotoxin Production from Bambara (Vigna subterranea (L) verdc) nuts Recovered in Nigeria Odetunde, Simeon Kolawole; Fapohunda, Stephen Oyedele; Jonathan, Segun Gbolagade
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 11, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.04

Abstract

Fungal contamination of food commodities is a global food security challenge that impacts negatively on the health of consumers. Mycotoxins are produced as secondary metabolites by some pathogenic fungi and may contaminate agricultural products while on the field or during harvesting and storage. A field survey was conducted in order to isolate and identify the mycotoxin producing fungal strains in Bambara nuts collected from major markets in eight States in Nigeria. Samples per site were pooled, processed and screened for the presence of mycotoxin-producing fungi by culture technique and intergenic spacer sequencing (ITS).  Mycotoxin production was determined using thin layer chromatography (TLC) with scanning densitometer.  Twenty-four producing fungal strains: Talaromyces pinophilus, Macrophomina phaseolina (6), Fusarium oxysporum (2), Aspergillus foetidus, Aspergillus flavipes, Rhizopus oryzae (2), Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Aspergillus flavus (2), Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus awamori, Aspergillus welwitschiae, Rhizopus microsporus, Ceriporia lacerate and Fusarium verticillioides (accession numbers of MN42329-MN4233323) were identified from Bambara nuts. The genera Macrophomina were the most dominant.  Some of the identified fungi are noted for the production of mycotoxins and mycotoxins exert toxic effects on animals and humans. The fungi associated to Bambara nut diseases were identified and can be taken as targets in varietal improvement of Bambara nut for resistance to fungal diseases in Nigeria.
Optimization of Cultural and Physical Parameters for Phenol Biodegradation by Newly Identified Pseudomonas sp. AQ5-04 Aisami, Abubakar; Yasid, Nur Adela; Shukor, Mohd Yunus Abd
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 10, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.10.03.06

Abstract

Phenol is widely used by many industries and it is one of  the highly toxicenviron-mental pollutants. Bioremoval is one of the most effective methods to remove phenol compared to other physio-chemical methods. Identification was carried out using 16s rRNA sequencing. Mineral salt media with 0.5 g/L phenol as the sole source of carbon. Factors influencing phenol degradation were optimised via one-factor-at-a-time and response surface methodology. Optimum degradation was achieved at pH 7.5, the temperature of 30°C and ammonium sulphate at 0.4 g/L. Using Response surface methodology the incubation period was reduced to 36 h compared to the OFAT approach where it takes 72 hours. The effect of 10 heavy metals at various concentrations was tested. The optimum values used for tempe-rature, pH, ammonium sulphate and salinity for both the OFAT and RSM have correlated with the only pH displayed the slighted difference of 7.0 for OFAT and 7.5 for RSM. This shows the closest optimum conditions for both methods. The strain is also resistance to some heavy metals usually found in polluted environ-ments together with phenol. Therefore, it can be clearly stated that Pseudomonas sp. strain AQ5-04 is the potential candidate for phenol bioremediation and further studies in the field of bioremediation. The bacterium can degrade phenol in the presence of  between 1 to 3 ppm of the heavy metals As, Cd, Co, and Zn while growth and degradation were inhibited by Hg, Ag, Cu and Ni at 1 ppm. The isolate is a potential strain for further bioremediation studies.
Genomic Analysis of Mesorhizobium loti Strain TONO Reveals Dehalogenases for Bioremediation Zakary, Sefatullah; Oyewusi, Habeebat Adekilekun; Huyop, Fahrul
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 11, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.09

Abstract

Halogenated compounds are extensively utilized in different industrial applications such as pesticides and herbicides and cause severe environmental problems because of their toxicity and persistence. Degradation of these compounds by the biological method is a significant method to reduce these recalcitrant. Mesorhizobium loti is important for nitrogen fixation in legume roots. Up to now, there is no report to indicate M. loti can produce dehalogenase enzymes. Thus, a total of twenty-five genomes of M. loti strains from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) were analyzed. These strains notably carry dehalogenase genes and were further investigated. The relative ratio of haloalkane and haloacid dehalogenase type II or L-type from all twenty-five genomes was 26% and 74%, respectively, suggesting type II dehalogenase is common. Surprisingly, only M. loti strain TONO carries four dehalogenases and therefore it was further characterized. The chromosome of M. loti strain TONO contains four haloacid dehalogenase type II genes namely, dehLt1 (MLTONO_2099), dehLt2 (MLTONO_3660), dehLt3 (MLTONO_4143), and dehLt4 (MLTONO_6945), and their corresponding enzymes were designated as DehLt1, DehLt2, DehLt3, and DehLt4, respectively. The only haloalkane dehalogenase gene (MLTONO_4828) was located upstream of the dehLt3 gene and its amino acid share 88% identity with DmlA of Mesorhizobium japonicum MAFF 303099. The putative haloacid permease gene designated as dehrPt (MLTONO_0284) was located downstream of the dehLt1 and its amino acids show 69% identity with haloacid permease of Rhizobium sp. RC1. The gene encoding helix-turn-helix (HTH) motif family DNA-binding protein regulator and LysR family transcriptional regulator genes were also identified, possibly for regulatory functions. The genomic studies as such, have good potential to be screened for ne
Diversity of Weevils (Coleoptera) in Marahan, Marilog Forest Reserve, Southern Mindanao, Philippines Mohagan, Alma B.; Patano, Romeo Jr. Rogano; Melencion, Merced G.; Salas, Daryl S.; Coritico, Fulgent P.; Amoroso, Victor B.
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 10, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.10.03.10

Abstract

Fieldworks were conducted last January to March, 2019 to collect and record species of weevils at Sitio Matigsalug, Marahan, Marilog Forest Reserve, Marilog District, Mindanao, Philippines. Standard sampling techniques such as belt transect and opportunistic sampling were conducted in the established 2 kilometers transect to survey the agroforest and montane ecosystems with elevations of 800-950 masl and 1,000-1,300 masl, respectively. A total of 228 individuals belonging to 2 families and 22 species of weevils were recorded, all of which are only known from forest and mountain ecosystems of Mindanao. Metapocrytus is the most encountered genus with 12 species. The montane forest had higher species richness with 15 species but with lower species abundance of 34 individuals compared to the agroforest ecosystem with 13 species and 194 individuals. Seven (7) species are common in both sites. Plant associates and behavior of the observed weevils were also noted which include 22 species of ferns and flowering plants. Other than perching behavior, species are also observed copulating, feeding and mostly hiding in abaxial part of leaves. As flightless beetles with high vulnerability for predation by other insectivorous species, the observations gathered will help in understanding their behaviors for survival. Despite of high species richness and abundance, anthropogenic disturbances such as agricultural activities are on-going which extend towards the montane forest in the area. Conservation initiatives must be implemented to protect the remaining endemic and rare species of flora and fauna.
Reinstatement and Lectotypification of Memecylon deccanense (Melastomataceae): An Endemic Species of the Western Ghats, India. Kumar, Santhosh; Vikraman, R Raj; S, Shailajakumari; Kumar, P K Suresh; Sreelekshmy, R S
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 10, No 3 (2020)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.10.03.01

Abstract

As part of the ex-situ conservation of the wild ornamental plants at JNTBGRI, several species of Memecylon were collected and introduced from the Western Ghats. While working on the taxonomy of the collected plants, it was found that a well defined species Memecylon deccanense C.B.Clarke  has been reduced recently to the synonym of M.heyneanum Benth. ex Wight & Arn. A detailed study by relevant literature, live and herbarium specimens, and type specimens housed at different herbaria, it is reinstated as a distinct species and a lectotype is designated here. Relevant photographs and images of type specimens of M.deccanense and M.heyneanum also provided to facilitate its easy identification.
A checklist of Zingiberaceae species from Mt. Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary, Davao Oriental, Philippines Naive, Mark Arcebal Kling
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 11, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.14

Abstract

Mount Hamiguitan Range Wildlife Sanctuary is a center of botanical diversity throughout the Philippine archipelago. However, as to how many Zingiberaceae species are present in the area is still unknown. Thus, floristic surveys were made and collections were conducted from July 2016 to September 2018. In total, 16 species belonging to eight genera representing three tribes of the family were recorded. The most species rich tribe belongs to Alpinieae with 13 species in 5 genera. This study presents a checklist of Zingiberaceae species found in the sanctuary which is beneficial for its efficient biological resource mangement. 
The Dynamic of Calcium Oxalate (CaOx) in Porang Corms (Amorphophallus muelleri Blume) at Different Harvest Time Chairiyah, Nurul; Harijati, Nunung; Mastuti, Retno
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 11, No 1 (2021)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.11.01.05

Abstract

The research aims to observe the influence of harvesting time on the change of calcium oxalate (CaOx) content and crystal density in Porang corms. The corms were harvested at different times, i.e., (1) two weeks before the plants shed (R0-1), (2) when the plants shed (R0), and (3) two weeks after the plants shed (R0+1). CaOx was obtained using the modified extracting method. Microscopic observations were obtained from the slices of the edge and center part of porang corms. Parameter observed including CaOx content, corm weight, shape, and density of CaOx crystal. CaOx content and crystal density in corms were analyzed using One way ANOVA. If the results are significant, it will be followed by Tukey Test α 0.05. In the meantime, the relation between CaOx content and corm weight was analyzed using Correlation Test Bivariate. The results showed that CaOx content was relatively higher in porang corms, i.e., 15.98 ± 0.60g/100g. On the other hand, the increasing of CaOx content might improve corm weight. The total density of druse, styloid, and prism crystal was pretty high in corms obtained when the plants shed compared to another harvest time, i.e., 1,494 ± 286; 31,280 ± 17,406 and 6,256 ± 1,533 crystals/cm2 . Raphide crystal density, by contrast, increased in corms obtained after the plants shed, i.e.,1,656 ± 368 crystals/cm2 . Total CaOx crystal density in the edge parts of corms harvested when the plants shed was proportionately higher than in the other harvest times, i.e., 12,292 ± 4,687.89 crystals/cm2 . In contrast, CaOx crystal densities in the center parts of corms were not much different at three harvesting times. The density of druse and prism crystals was somewhat higher in the center part of corms than in the edge parts. In opposition to, the density of raphide and styloid crystals was fairly higher in the edge part of corms than it was in the center parts. However, only raphide crystal density found in the edge and center part of corms was significantly affected by harvest time from all these results.

Page 26 of 99 | Total Record : 986

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