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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,001 Documents
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Non-breeding Ethology of Spot-billed Pelican (Pelecanus philippensis) at Adyar Eco-Park, Chennai, India Meghna Bandyopadhyay; Rishin Basu Roy; Arijit Chatterjee
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 4 No. 3 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Spot-billed Pelican is a Near Threatened species according to IUCN red list. There are very limited studies regarding the non-breeding behavior of the Spot-billed Pelican, where behavioural study is very important to un­derstand the species and ecosystem to which they belong. Studying ethology is an important stepping stone for the conservation of the species and its ecosystem. With this aspect an ethological study was carried out at Adyar Eco-park Chennai during the non-breeding season of Spot-billed Pelican for a period of thirteen days continuously. An Ad libitum study was adapted to document their behaviour. The observation was conducted over a period of 7 different time schedules. From the observation 14 individual behaviours and 4 conspecific and group behaviours were recorded. The four most time consuming activities are Alert (193.13 min, 31.15%), Preening (92.36 min, 14.89%), Resting (81.13 min, 13.09%) and Looking around (71 min, 11.45%). The mean population density in the study area showed a declining trend from dawn to noon (2.04-0.55 individuals per 100 sq. m.) and increasing from noon to evening (0.55-3.81 individuals per 100 sq. m.). During the observation it was found that this area is a non-breeding roosting site for the bird and they show some typical pattern as the day progresses. The present study can be helpful to build a comprehensive conservation programme for the Spot-billed Pelican and management plan for Adyar Eco-park can be developed if carried out for a longer period of time.
Low Levels of Vitamin D correlate with Hemoglobin A1c and Interleukin-10 Levels in Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Desy Wulandari; Haryudi A. Cahyono; Edi Widjajanto; Anik Puryatni
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 4 No. 3 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Vitamin D is reported to affect immune system and prevent autoimmunity. Some studies show that low vita­min D levels in patients with type 1 diabetes are associated with glycemic control and inflammatory status. The study was cross sectional design with subjects T1DM patients aged 1-18 years, and healthy subjects with similar age. Plasma levels of vitamin D (25(OH)D3) was measured using ELISA. Glycemic control measured by hemoglo­bin A1c (HbA1c). Inflammatory status measured by examination of IL-10 using ELISA method. Comparison of vitamin D levels, HbA1c levels and IL-10 levels were analyzed by independent samples t-test. The relationship be­tween vitamin D levels, HbA1c, and IL-10 were analyzed by Pearson's correlation. Our subjects were 20 T1DM patients and 20 healthy controls. Our study showed that vitamin D (25(OH)D3) levels was significantly lower than in healthy controls (20.82±5.53 ng/ml vs 33.14±2.17 ng/ml; p=0.000), HbA1c levels was significantly higher than in healthy controls (10.08±5.02% vs 5.02±0.18%; p=0.000), IL-10 levels was significantly lower than in healthy controls (16.50±4.57 ng/ml vs 73.52±7.11 ng/ml; p=0.000). Vitamin D levels were correlated with HbA1c (p= 0.000; r= -0.871), correlated with IL-10 (p= 0.000; r= 0.853). HbA1c levels were correlated with IL-10 levels (p= 0.000; r= -0.878). Low vitamin D levels are common in T1DM patients. There were significant differences in vitamin D levels, IL-10, and HbA1c among T1DM patients compared to normal subjects. Vitamin D levels were associated with HbA1c levels and IL-10 levels in T1DM.
Potential Anti-cancer and Anti-bacterial Activities of Philippine Echinoderm Extracts Rodyl J. Layson; Maria Criselda A. Rodil; Elmer-Rico E. Mojica; Custer C. Deocaris
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 4 No. 3 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

In high-throughput search for bioactive compounds under resource-limited settings from Philippine echino­derms, the aqueous, methanol, chloroform and hexane extracts of seven Philippine echinoderms namely Holothuria nobilis (sea cucumber), Bohadscia marmorata (sea cucumber), Stichopus chloronatus (sea cucumber), Holothuria axiologa (sea cucumber), Linckia laevigata (starfish), Oreaster nodusus (starfish) and Ophiocoma ochoenleinii (brittle star) were screened for antitumor and antibacterial activity. Antitumor activity was deter­mined using brine shrimp lethality assay while antibacterial assay was performed using turbidimetric method. Both assays utilized 96-well microtiter plates to facilitate speed and ease in screening. The chloroform extract of H. nobilis gave a positive result on antitumor activity while almost all sample extracts showed antibacterial activity against E. coli.
Isolation and Identification Of Triterpenoid Saponin From Baringtonia asiatica Kurz Seeds. Meity N Tanor; Abdul Latief Abadi; Bambang Tri Rahardjo; Jantje Pelealu
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 4 No. 2 (2014)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.4.2.%x

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the content of the triterpenoid saponin compound from Barringtonia asiatica seeds collected from coastal of Malalayang beach, Manado, North Sulawesi. The method of extraction was the maceration with methanol solvent. The identification of the isolate was by thin layer chromatography, column chromatography, and GCMS. The phytochemistry test result of B. asiatica seed extract contained the compounds of alkaloid, saponin, and tannin. Then, the compound was separated by a thin layer chromatography method with a solvent system of methanol:chloroform:water. It produced three nodes that were spread around polar (Rf 0.24), semipolar (Rf 0.6) and non-polar (Rf 0.78) areas. Meanwhile, the process of column chromatography could only separate two chemical components namely semipolar (Rf 0.6) and polar (Rf 0.76). The identification with GCMS resulted in three compounds of Triterpenoid saponins, namely 2.4-bis-(1.1-dimethyl ethyl); 4-Dodecylphenol; and 2.6 bis-(1.1-dimethyl ethyl-4-methyl).
Vitamin D3 Adjuvant Treatment Stimulate Interleukin-10 Expression in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome Without Affecting to Clinical Outcome and Glucocorticoid Receptor Expression Husnul Asariati; Krisni Subandiyah; Loeki Enggar Fitri
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 4 No. 3 (2014)
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Abstract

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is the most glomerular disease that occurred in childhood with high rate morbidity. Glucocorticoid is drug of choice for INS and responsiveness to this drug determined prognosis. Glucocorticoid upregulate transcription of anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-10. IL-10 is an anti-inflammatory cytokine and has multiple role in immune response include modulate Th1/Th2 response. Vitamin D3 interact with glucocorticoid signaling. Administered active form of vitamin D3 increase dexamethasone-induced IL-10 expression by regulatory T cells in steroid resistant asthmatic patient. Here we showed increase of CD4+IL10+ expression after treatment both prednisone only and combination prednison with vitamin D3. Both in new-onset NS or rare relaps NS, combination treatment prednisone + vitamin D3 increase CD4+IL10+ expression significantly compared to prednisone-only treated group (p= 0.003), which first group (new-onset nephrotic syndrome + prednisone and vitamin D3 treatment) showed the most CD4+IL10+ expression enhancement (9.53±3.89). However this study failed to show a correlation between CD4+IL-10+ expression after prednisone and vitamin D3 treatment with clinical outcome (linear regression test, p= 0,125). This study also showed that there was a no correlation between CD4+IL-10+ expression and CD3+GR expression after prednison + vitamin D3 treatment (p= 0.088). CD4+IL-10+expression in new-onset and rarely relapsing nephrotic syndrome patients higher in prednisone + vitamin D3 treated group than prednisone-only treated group. There is no correlation between CD4+IL-10+expression and CD3+GR expression nor CD4+IL-10+expression and clinical outcome.
Urinary Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1) in Early Diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury in Pediatric Critically Ill Irma Lestari Paramastuty; Krisni Soebandiyah; Basuki B. Purnomo
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 6 No. 1 (2016)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.06.01.06

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) often associated with a high hospital morbi-mortality rate in the intensive care unit patients. Kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), has many characteristics of ideal biomarker for kidney injury. The aim of this study was to compared the temporal pattern of elevation urinary KIM-1 level following critically ill children with SCr as standart biomarker of AKI. Prospective analytic observational study was conducted during October to March 2014 in the Saiful Anwar General Hospital and Physiology Laboratory Brawijaya University. There were 13 critically ill as subjects. SCr and KIM-1 levels from all subjects were measured three times ( at admission, after 1st and 6th hour). Subjects were devided into AKI - non-AKI groups by SCr level and survivor - non survivor group at the and of the observations. Results showed that there were significantly increased levels of KIM-1 in the AKI and non-AKI and survivor-non survivor group at time point. However, we found that delta KIM-1 at time point increased significant in non AKI group and survivor group. KIM-1 at admission can diagnosed AKI in critically ill children. We conclude that urinary KIM-1 is a sensitive non-invasive biomarker to diagnosed acute kidney injury in critically ill children. Increase level of KIM-1 by time shows protective and good outcome in critically ill children.
The Pathophysiology and Care of Exercise Related Muscle Cramps Abhay Kumar Pandey; Abha Pandit; B L Pandey
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 5 No. 1 (2015)
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Abstract

Cramps are major concerns to competing athletes. The pain alone is not object of treatment as serious metabolic disturbance of electrolyte must gets due consideration. The phenomenon is dealt with some patho-physiological details and relevant clinical information, important as first hand understanding for the sports persons and their care givers.
Partial Characterization of Salmonella gallinarum Clinical Isolate and Expression of Its Antigenic Outer Membrane Protein C (ompC) Gene in planta Ee Leen Pang; Hwei-San Loh
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 5 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.05.02.02

Abstract

Instigating approximately 100% of mortality and morbidity rates, fowl typhoids epidemiology and disease intervention have been extensively studied since 1950s. Even up-to-date, outbreaks are incessantly haunting poultry industries of major continents. Salmonella gallinarum, the etiologic agent of fowl typhoid, was used to develop a series of vaccination regime. However, treatments are gradually losing effectiveness due to residual virulence from mutated strains and rapid evolution of multi-drug resistance isolates. Hence, in planta subunit vaccine production is proposed to surpass current limitations. The homotrimeric osmoporin (Outer Membrane Protein C) is a potent candidate antigen that confers momentous stimulation of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses in broilers. This research signified the potential development of plant-expressed ompC immunogen, with the scope embarked on identification of S. gallinarum clinical isolate; construction of expression cassette; generation of recombinant vector and delivery of constructs into Nicotiana benthamiana for transient expression via agroinfiltration. The ompC transcripts and proteins were detected successfully at the molecular weights of 1.002 kbp and ~35 kDa, respectively. These preliminary findings pave the feasibility of biomanufacturing a safe and cost-effective fowl typhoid vaccine that would confer multi-protection against other significant Salmonella infections attributed to high sequence homology of ompC gene. Speed improvement is demonstrated and transient expression appears to outperform conventional platforms in expediting vaccine production for an emerging pandemic strain.
Flowering and Fruiting Times on Four Species of Annona (Annonaceae) in Purwodadi Botanic Garden Dewi Ayu Lestari; Siti Sofiah
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 5 No. 1 (2015)
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Abstract

Annona is a genus belongs to Annonaceae family, consisting of numerous species that produce edible fruit.   Four species namely A. glabra, A. montana, A. muricata and A. squamosa collections of Purwodadi Botanic Garden  were recorded for its flowering and fruiting times, since November 2010 to April 2013. The data were scored and complemented with climate data (temperature, rainfall intensity, humidity) then analyzed using multiple linear regression analysis.  The result showed that humidity was the most affected climate factors on the flowering and fruiting times of those species.  Specifically, rainfall intensity (0-550 mm) affected to  Annona muricata, temperature (25,56-28,33 °C) and humidity (66,83-85,02%) to  Annona squamosa, and  humidity to  A. glabra (71,62-85,02% )  and  A. montana (71,62 to 82,94 %) as well. Flowering time of A. glabra occurs three times a year in wet and dry, and fruiting occurs twice a year in the same month. Annona muricata is flowering throughout the year and fruiting twice a year in wet. A. montana and A. squamosa recorded one a year during the wet month.
Saras Cranes in Palwal District in Southern Haryana Are Asking For Immediate Attention for Their Last Rescue Efforts Tirshem Kumar Kaushik; Rohtash Chand Gupta; Parveen Kumar Vats
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 5 No. 2 (2015)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.05.02.04

Abstract

Saras Cranes Grus antigone are endangered birds of open wetlands with highly worrying depletion trends being witnessed related with disappearance of marshy and shallow perennial, expansive wetlands throughout northern India. Alongside, massive hunting in 18th, 19th and 20th centuries and even today is another serious cause for their worrisome deterioration. Also, destruction of nests, eggs, fledglings and adults by aboriginals indeliberately or deliberately is causing these cranes to perish sooner than latter, completely.Now, Saras Cranes are found in limited number and domain as four populations in the entire world including India, China, Burma, South East Asia and northern Australia. In so far as Indian Saras Crane population is concerned, it is pitiably restricted to only few hundred in all, in Etawa, Mainpuri districts of Uttar Pradesh, Kanha National Park near Bharatpur in Rajasthan, some parts of Gujarat in the west and Assam in the east.It is interesting to note that few pairs have been seen in Faridabad and Palwal districts in southern Haryana, India. These need to be protected and conserved

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