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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences
Published by Universitas Brawijaya
ISSN : 20875517     EISSN : 25274376     DOI : -
Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,
Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science
The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 1,001 Documents
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Date Fruit Extract (Phoenix dactylifera, Ajwa) Modulates NK Cells and TNF- Alpha in DMBA-Induced Mammary Cancer Sprague-Dawley Rats Rehab Mohammed Mustofa Elhemeidy; Diana Lyrawati; Edi Widjajanto
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 8 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.08.03.04

Abstract

Cellular immune system is one of anti-tumor target development. NK cells, one of major components of antitumor innate immune responses, are frequently decreased functionally during breast cancer progression, whereas TNF-alpha changes from anti-tumor into pro-tumorigenesis and its level increases with advancing cancer. In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of Ajwa date fruit extract to determine whether it stops the progression of breast cancer. Using rats induced with single dose 20 mg DMBA subcutaneously, we examined whether administration of Ajwa date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera) extract (at 400, 800 mg/kg body weight/d) post-DMBA induction for 30 days modulate NK cells, TNF-alpha, and development of breast cancer. ELISA, FACS, immunohistochemistry, and histologic observation were employed. Compared to positive control group (DMBA-induced only), we showed that the Ajwa date fruit extract normalize the level of circulatory CD161 NK cells and breast tissue TNF-alpha, cell size and proliferation, and improve overall survival rates. Ajwa date fruit extract may be used to modulate NK cells and TNF-alpha against progression of breast cancer. Further studies are required to develop date fruit extract as anti-cancer in human, whether as single or adjunct therapy to standard management of breast-cancer.
Difference of Vitamin D and Interleukin-6 Levels in Children with Steroid- Resistant, Steroid-Sensitive and Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome Krisni Subandiyah; Hervin Febrina Ghofar; Loeki Enggar Fitri
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 9 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.09.02.07

Abstract

Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is the most prevalent autoimmune glomerular disease in children and its pathogenesis is correlated with high level of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and low level of vitamin D. This study was aimed to investigate the difference of vitamin D and IL-6 level in steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), steroid sensitive (SSNS), and idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS). This research was designed as cross sectional involving 45 subjects which then divided into 3 groups as follows: SRNS, SSNS, and INS. A level of serum 25 (OH)D was measured by Enzyme-linked Immuno Assay Method then categorized as sufficiency, insufficiency, and deficiency. Level of IL-6 serum was measured by ELISA method. Results showed that IL-6 level was significantly different among three groups, in which SRNS had the highest value (ANOVA, p < 0.05). Further analysis demonstrated that IL-6 level correlated with steroid resistance (Spearman correlation test, p = 0.000, r = 0.692). Vitamin D status was significantly different among three groups (Chi square, p = 0.03) and associated with steroid resistance (Spearman correlation test, p = 0.000, r = 0.568). Moreover, IL-6 level associated with 25 (OH) D level in SRNS group (Pearson correlation test, p = 0.020, r = 0.591) but not in the SSNS and INS group. We conclude that IL-6 levels were significantly higher in SRNS group as compared to other groups. Otherwise, vitamin D status were significantly lower in SRNS compared with other groups. An IL-6 level was negatively correlated with vitamin D status in patients with NS, specifically in SRNS group.
Microsatellite Marker for Genetic Variation Analysis in Local Chili Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) Induced by Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) Ria Reinnata Juliandari; Retno Mastuti; Estri Laras Arumningtyas
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 9 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.09.02.08

Abstract

Mutation using Ethyl Methane Sulfonate (EMS) is a simple and quick method to produce genetic variation in chili pepper. In this study, a total of 3 genotypes of local chili pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.), i.e. Genotype 2 (G2), Genotype 7 (G7), and Genotype 11 (G11) were induced by EMS with concentrations of 0% (K0), 0.01% (K1), 0.02% (K2), and 0.04% (K3). Genetic variation analysis in mutant was performed based on 3 microsatellite markers CA 19, CA 27, CA 62. Those molecular markers successfully detected the genetic variation in chili pepper mutant based on the number and size of microsatellite alleles variation. The 3 genotypes of chili pepper mutant produced a total of 15 alleles with the average Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) value of 0.82. Compared to the control plant, genetic variations in genome level were observed in local chili pepper. Furthermore, the treatment of EMS with concentration of 0.04% produced the most notable genetic variation in 3 genotypes of local chili pepper. 
Genetic Variation Analysis of EMS-Induced Chili Pepper (Capsicum frutescens L.) Mutants Using SSR Markers Edia Fitri Dwinianti; Retno Mastuti; Estri Laras Arumingtyas
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 9 No. 3 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Mutation induction with chemical mutagen ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) capable of producing genetic variation in plants. The purpose of this research was to evaluate genetic variation of EMS-induced chili pepper mutants using SSR molecular marker. Various concentration of EMS (0.01%; 0.02%; 0.04%) were applied to chili pepper seeds of Genotypes 2, 7, and 11. The genomic DNA was isolated from mutants and control plants then used for PCR analysis using three SSR primers namely CA26, CA52 and CA96. The three SSR primers were able to detect genetic variation in the three genotypes of EMS-induced chili pepper mutants and control plants. A total of 18 alleles have been identified in all three SSR loci with PIC values ranging from 0.792 to 0.893. The three genotypes of chili pepper plants had different sensitivity to EMS mutation induction. Genotype 11 plants showed higher sensitivity to EMS treatment than genotypes 2 and 7 based on the amount of genomic changes. Dendrogram constructed based on genetic similarity values distributed the mutants and control plants into three main groups with similarity coefficients ranging from 0.34 to 0.90. Similar genotype either control plant or mutants, especially Genotypes 2 and 7 were group into similar group. However, for the Genotype 11 plants, large genome changes cause mutant plants G11K1, G11K2, G11K3 had a low genetic similarity to their control plants, so the mutants were separated in a different group from the control plant. Those indicate that EMS mutation induction capable of increasing genetic variation in chili pepper plants based on SSR molecular marker.
New Record of Marine Parasitic Isopods (Family, Corallinidae) from South Andaman, Andaman Islands, India Pathan Anil; Tarun Das; Kaderambil Arjunan Jayaraj
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 8 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.08.03.12

Abstract

Parasitic isopods are causing problems to the worldwide fishery resources. The studies on parasitic isopods are very scanty in Andaman Islands. So here we provided information on the distribution of two species of parasitic isopods of fishes from Junghlighat fish landing center of South Andaman. The two marine parasitic isopods species are Argathona rhinoceros (Bleeker 1857) and Argathon amacronema (Bleeker 1857). They found to infest the host marine fishes Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton 1822) and Epinephelus tauvina (Forsskal 1775) respectively. These two species were collected from the nostril cavity of the individual host fishes. The morphological characteristics of two specimens are described in detail. Prevalence of corallinids provides additional information to update the check list of isopods from Andaman and Nicobar Islands.
Prolonged-heated High-Fat Diet Increase the Serum LDL Cholesterol Level and Induce the Early Atherosclerotic Plaque Development in Wistar Rats Valentina Yurina; Ema Pristi Yunita; Tri Yudani Mardining Raras; Achmad Rudijanto; Kusworini Handono
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 9 No. 1 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Rats are one of the most widely used animal models in health research. However, since rats are relatively resistant to atherosclerosis, the transgenic rats often used to study atherosclerosis in rats. Our study suggests a prolonged-heated lipid to induce atherosclerosis in rats, therefore provide a more low-cost option to study atherosclerosis in rats. Aims of this study is to compare the effect of heated high-fat diet (HFD) to the LDL and HDL cholesterol level and foam cell formation in the Wistar rat animal model. Rats were divided into three groups, control group was given with the normal diet, and the other two treated groups received oxidized HFD (heated HFD) and HFD, respectively. The heated HFD contain lard that was previously heated at 190°C for 24 h. Diet was given for 8 weeks. The serum LDL and HDL cholesterol level were measured before and 4th and 8th weeks after treatment with help of colorimetric measurement. The aorta analyzed for the foam cell formation after HE staining using the light microscope.  The prolonged- heated HFD significantly increased the LDL cholesterol from the 4th week of the treatment (p = 0.023). The rats aortic from HFD and heated HFD treated groups showed a mononuclear cells infiltration and the early foam cell formation. The heating process of the lipid caused lipid oxidation which significantly increased the LDL cholesterol level of the animal model and foam cells formation. This study suggests that Wistar rats with heated HFD could demonstrated early atherosclerosis plaque development.
In vitro Studies on Pollen Viability, Pollen Germination and Pollen Tube Growth of Hornstedtia conoidea Ridl. – a Philippine Endemic Ginger Species Noe Polo Mendez; Florfe Macabudbud Acma
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 8 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.08.03.13

Abstract

Zingiberaceous plants are predominantly propagated through underground rhizomes and seeds. In this study, the viability of pollen, rate of pollen germination and length of pollen tube of the Philippine endemic Hornstedtia conoidea were examined. Four petri plates containing pollen samples were prepared, of which two petri plates were used immediately after the collection, while the other two petri plates were stored for one week. The determination of pollen viability was made employing stain tests using IKI (iodine + potassium iodide) solution and safranin and measured immediately after the collection and after one week. Likewise, pollen germination test was carried out in vitro on agar medium and measured after 24 hours and one week of incubation. Data revealed that pollen viability was higher in the samples which were sown immediately with safranin with percentage pollen viability of 92.43%, while IKI test was lower with 89.36%. On the other hand, the pollen stored for one week measured 47.29% for safranin test and 33.14% for IKI test. The percentage germination of pollen after 24 hours was 72.65%, while 11.13% after one week. The pollen samples which were subjected for tube growth were examined for two weeks and gave positive results. Overall, it can be concluded that H. conoidea pollen can successfully be collected and stored for certain time. Knowledge regarding the pollen viability, pollen germination and pollen tube growth of this species will give practical benefit for plant breeding and conservation purposes, since H. conoidea is found in the wild, and as of now, the species has been recorded only in the Philippines.
Red Yeast Rice Protects Hepatocytes conditions of Rats Receiving High Fat Diet Doti Wahyuningsih; Helmin Elyani; Dini Sri Damayanti; Arif Yahya; Muhammad Zainal Fadli
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 9 No. 2 (2019)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.09.02.06

Abstract

Triglyceride (TG) is a simple and the main lipid of the daily diet. Nowadays, TG is emerging as an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and increasing clinical data that indicate a high level of this simple lipid in serum may alert and play a role in liver impairment. Red yeast rice (RYR) reduces serum TG in human and animals. The rice is widely used as a natural inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase to correct serum cholesterol level. Bioactive components of the rice are well known to have antioxidant properties. This study examined whether RYR protects hepatocytes by evaluating the serum AST-ALT, HDL-Cholesterol (HDL-C), TG levels, and the number of liver foam cells in hypertriglyceridemic rats. Twenty male Wistar rats were grouped into 5. Four groups received a high-fat diet (HFD), 40 g/animal/day for 60 days to induce hypertriglyceridemic condition. Along with the HFD treatment, three groups received 108, 54, and 27 mg/kgBW/day of RYR, respectively. Two other groups received standard and only HFD diet, respectively. Intracardiac blood was collected for measuring AST and ALT using AST or ALT activity assay Kit, respectively, serum TG and HDL-C by Enzymatic Caloric Test.  Hematoxylin-Eosin–stained 4µmm thick slices of liver tissues were prepared to count foam cell number by a light microscope with 400x magnificence. Data were analyzed using the Kruskal Wallis continued by the Mann Whitney U test. The p values of < 0.05 were considered to be significant. The present study found that 108, 54, and 27 mg/kgBW/day of RYR significantly decreased serum TG, HDL-C, AST, and ALT compared with those of hypertriglyceridemic rats receiving no RYR. The decreasing levels of the parameters were in relation to the doses of RYR. The doses of 108 and 54 mg/kgBW/day resulted in complete recovery of the liver tissues suffered from steatosis (p < 0.05). The RYR dose of 108 mg/KgBW/day completely corrects the serum HDL-C level. In conclusion, red yeast rice may have a potency to protect hepatocytes injuries due to hypertriglyceridemia.
Antimicrobial Production by an Actinomycetes Isolated from The Termite Nest Ni Putu Ratna Ayu Krishanti; Deni Zulfina; Bramantyo Wikantyoso; Arpiwi Zulfitri; Sulaeman Yusuf
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 8 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Actinomycetes are Gram positive bacteria that have been detected in diverse ecological niches. Their member species are known to be a main source of various bioactive compounds. The discovery of Actinomycetes from diverse and unexplored resources has also been linked to increased opportunities to obtain novel bioactive compounds. Insect nest material is being investigated as a new source of novel antimicrobial producing Actinomycetes, which could be harnessed for therapeutic potential. A total of 10 Actinomycetes isolates were collected from the nest of Nasutitermes sp. in Pananjung Pangandaran Nature Reserve. These isolates were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against the challenge bacteria (Eschericia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Serratia Marcescens) and fungi (Fomitopsis palustris, Fusarium oxysporum, Trichoderma viridae) by dual culture method. The result revealed that several isolate were active against fungi and bacteria. Isolate Pn-TN2 showed the highest level of antibacterial inhibition and the highest antifungal inhibition with Inhibition Rate value more than 80%. By morphological and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis strongly suggested that the isolate Pn-TN2 belonged to Streptomyces prasinopilosus. We suggested that termite nest is a potential source of bioactive strains of cultivable Actinomycetes for future biotechnological needs.
Ameliorative Effect of Infused Watercress on Rat Galactopoiesis following Maternal Separation Rahadian Yudo Hartantyo; Ucik Erlitaningsih; Jeremia Gerald; Indah Permata Sari; Laksmindra Fitria; Mulyati Mulyati
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol. 8 No. 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

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Abstract

Galactopoiesis is the maintenance of milk production. The process that regulated primarily by prolactin hormone. The research was conducted to evaluate galactopoiesis activity by measuring prolactin level and milk production continuity of lactating rats after oral administration of infused watercress. Twenty lactating rats were randomly divided into five groups (two control groups and three variations of infused watercress dose groups). Serum prolactin was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Milk yield was measured using indirect milk measurement method by Sampson and Jansen. Milk protein level was measured using Kjedahl method. The treatment of infused watercress (10 g/kg body weight), started from postnatal day 3 until 12, indicated ameliorative effect on rat galactopoiesis by increasing milk yield and prolactin levels, but not milk total protein.

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