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Konversi
Published by Universitas Lambung Mangkurat
ISSN : 23023686     EISSN : 25413481     DOI : -
Core Subject : Education,
Education
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 8 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 12, No 1 (2023): April 2023" : 8 Documents clear
The effect of pressure on the concentration of methane and carbon dioxide absorption in biogas Huda, Hairul; Aditya, Revy; Worotikan, Rivaldo Bodewyn Julian; Nurdin, Nurdin
Konversi Vol 12, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i1.14680

Abstract

Biogas is playing a vital role in the emerging market for renewable energy. Biogas is an alternative energy that can be used as a substitute for fossil energy. The main composition of biogas is methane gas (CH4) and carbon dioxide gas (CO2) with a small amount of hydrogen sulfide (H2S). Therefore, it is necessary to do treatment to enrich gas methane and reduce CO2 and H2S content in optimizing the use of biogas. Absorption is a CO2 capture technology often used in the chemical industry. A chemical absorption technique using a solvent solution is one of the most widely used techniques to capture CO2. This research uses MDEA (Nmethyldiethanolamine) solvent as an alkanolamine solution dissolved in water. The unit operation usually used to carry out the absorption process is an absorber, and the type of absorber used is a spray column absorber. Simulating variations in pressure on the absorber was conducted in this research. The result of this research is that the increase in pressure will increase the composition percent of CH4 in sweet gas and increase the amount of CO2 absorption in biogas. The best result of absorber pressure is obtained at a pressure of 48 bar. The purity of CH4 and %removal of CO2 in biogas can be solved simply by using the evaluation parameters of the various absorber pressures presented, which we expect to contribute to the biogas industry in the future.
Parameter evaluation of extraction using microwave hydrodistillation ultrasonic-pretreatment on yield of black pepper oil Panjaitan, Renova; Erliyanti, Nove Kartika; Putra, Sandy Buana; Wicaksono, Achmad Pemadi; Syahrani, Alza Nadilla; Amanda, Nabila Ayu
Konversi Vol 12, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i1.14984

Abstract

Black pepper is one of Indonesia's agricultural commodities, contributing foreign exchange to the country. However, the economic value of this commodity has decreased. It is influenced by the lack of diversified black pepper products, which of course, have a higher value than raw material marketing. One product diversification that can be developed is black pepper oil. In obtaining essential oils, appropriate methods and technology are needed so that the resulting product is of high quality and the process is carried out efficiently. The latest methods in extraction that are being developed are microwave and ultrasonic technology. Therefore, in this study, black pepper oil extraction was carried out using the microwave hydrodistillation method, whereas previously, ultrasonic pretreatment was given for the material. In this case, observations were made on the influence of extraction parameters. Based on the research, it was found that increasing the distiller size flask and ambient temperature could increase the percentage of essential oils yield. At the same time, the longer extraction time caused a decrease in yield. Decreasing the material particle size and increasing microwave power could cause an increase in yield up to a certain point. The best results in black pepper oil extraction were obtained under extraction conditions using a distiller size of 1000mL, extraction time of 60 minutes, at an ambient temperature of 30 oC, the particle size of 60 mesh, at a power of 450 W with a yield of 1.056%, with the characteristics of having a clear greenish colour and anRI of 1.480. These specifications comply with ISO 3061:2008 for essential oil from black pepper. Thus, these parameters can be considered in the black pepper oil extraction process to produce marketable products. As a suggestion for further research, modeling, and process scale-up can be developed.
Utilization of water lily activated charcoal as a biofilter in tofu wastewater treatment Khamidah, Noor; Nugraha, Muhammad Imam; Sari, Novita Kurnia
Konversi Vol 12, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i1.15176

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of water lily activated charcoal as a biofilter in tofu wastewater treatment and to determine the effective dose of water lily activated charcoal as a biofilter in tofu wastewater treatment. The results showed that water lily activated charcoal can be used to improve the quality of tofu liquid waste; thus, it can improve the quality of tofu liquid waste which can be seen from the parameters of TSS (Total Suspended Solid). The treatment dose of 2 g of activated charcoal (A3) is the best dose to improve the quality of tofu liquid waste and has complied with the 2014 LH regulation concerning the quality standards of wastewater for the tofu industry, namely the parameters of TSS. The existence of this research can be a reference for further similar research by utilizing organic matter as an alternative in tofu wastewater treatment.
Liquid treatment of food coloring industry waste using coconut and chitosan in removal dyes Yusuf, Defana Makartina; Rahma, Nur Aini; Purwaningsih, Dian Yanuarita
Konversi Vol 12, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i1.14217

Abstract

Liquid waste has a component containing water that has been mixed with chemical compounds. One example of liquid waste containing chemical compounds is wastewater from a food coloring industry. The liquid waste of the food coloring industry has a very strong color density so that it has a negative impact on the environment, therefore it is necessary to treat liquid waste in order to meet the quality standards of wastewater in accordance with East Java Governor Regulation number 72 of 2013. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of adding dose of coagulant and mass of biosorbent on percent color removal in food coloring industrial wastewater. The results showed that the addition of 35% coagulant and 13% biosorbent resulted in 97% optimal removal of color.
Effectivity CaO/Hydrotalcite catalyst to biofuel microalgae Nannochloropsis sp conversion Mirzayanti, Yustia Wulandari; Zakariya, Muhammad Fadkhul; Saputra, Denny Angga
Konversi Vol 12, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i1.14209

Abstract

Along with the rapid development of the times, the need for energy is also increasing. Fossil energy in Indonesia reaches 95% of Indonesia’s energy needs. For this reason, it is necessary to find a solution to overcome this, one of which is using renewable energy which must also be environmentally friendly. One alternative energy that has been discovered and is still being developed is biofuel. One of the raw materials that can be used for the production of biofuels is the microalgae Nannochloropsis sp. This study aimed to determine the effect of operating time on %yield and FFA of the biofuel produced and the effect of loading catalyst on %yield and FFA of the resulting biofuel. The highest %yield of crude and the lowest FFA were observed at a reaction time of 3 hours and a catalyst loading of 0.45 %wt with values of 47.981 and 0.064, respectively. The lowest %yield of crude and the highest FFA were obtained at a reaction time of 1 hourwith a catalyst loading of 0.4 %wt with values of 25.730% and 0.133, respectively.
Quality of cow dung composting fertilizer with additional starter solution of cow rumen contents Nurdiansyah, Amirul; Pribadi, Arqowi; Suprayogi, Dedy; Karami, Abdillah Akmal
Konversi Vol 12, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i1.14357

Abstract

RPH Kedurus produces livestock solid waste in the form of cow dung as much as 750 kg/day and the content of cow rumen is 2 tons/day. The livestock solid waste can be processed by turning it into compost using the takakura composting method. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the compost according to the specified parameters (temperature, pH, moisture content, organic c, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and the C/N ratio) and to determine the dose of use of a good cow rumen content solution to produce compost according to the quality standard of SNI 19-7030-2004. In this study, the treatments used were P0 with a composition of 3 kg of cow dung and 1 kg of rice husks, P1 with a composition of P0 and 100 mL of starter solution of cow rumen contents, P2 with a composition of P0 and 200 mL of starter solution of cow rumen contents, and P3 with a composition of P0 and 300 mL of starter solution for bovine rumen contents. Overall, the characteristics produced by the four treatments met the quality standards, while the optimum dosage for the use of rumen contents was found in treatment P2 with the use of 200 mL of starter bovine rumen contents and produced a temperature of 29 °C, pH 7.4, water content 14.2%, C. -organic 67 %, nitrogen 4.26 %, phosphorus P2O5 0.37 %, potassium K2O 2.21 %, and C/N ratio 15.7. The compost fertilizer produced can be used as an alternative organic fertilizer to be developed.
Production of biogas from coffee husk waste with rumen fluid and mixture of rumen fluid and cow dung Anwar, Hasrul; Ulya, Ridho; Djana, Miftahul; Mayasari, Rizka
Konversi Vol 12, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i1.15810

Abstract

Coffee is the second largest traded commodity in the world and also produces by-products and residues. Coffee husk waste is an abundant lignocellulosic material and has the potential to be used as raw material for biogas production. This study compared the production of biogas from coffee husk using rumen fluid with a mixture of rumen fluid and cow dung. In the pretreatment process using ethanol, the waste consisted of 65.90% cellulose, 24.95% hemicellulose, 0.21% lignin, 2.16% pectin, 1.08% protein, 3.11% tannins, 0.91% caffeine, and 3.78% polyphenols. The decrease in TS (total solid) and VS (volatile solid) values for C-RC (coffee-rumen fluid-cow dung) was greater than for C-R (coffee-rumen fluid) as 32.20% and 42.47% were obtained for C-RC, while the values for C-R were 19.32% and 38.37 The VFA (volatile fatty acids) values for C-R and C-RC were 1.09% and 2.24%. The biogas produced for C-R was CH4 of 14.4%, CO2 of 13.75%, and H2 of 0.59%, while that for C-RC consisted of CH4 of 22.3%, CO2 of 4.11%, and H2 of 0.36%. The yield of biogas for C-R was 0.48 Nm3/(kg COD removal) and for C-RC was 1.95 Nm3 /(kg COD removal).
Performance of diesel engine with biodiesel fuel from cooking oil Marlinda, Marlinda; Suparno, Suparno; Ramli, Ramli; Irwan, M.; Yandi, M. K.
Konversi Vol 12, No 1 (2023): April 2023
Publisher : Universitas Lambung Mangkurat

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20527/k.v12i1.15098

Abstract

Biodiesel from used cooking oil is a very potential material to replace diesel fuel. Besides being cheap, it can also reduce waste. The purpose of the study was to determine the performance of the Nissan SD22 diesel engine on the use of biodiesel as fuel and the optimum composition of biodiesel and diesel mixtures. The results of the diesel engine performance show that a high rotational speed of 2800 rpm could produce a torque of 112 N.m at B10, while the results for the power parameter at a rotational speed of 2750 rpm produced a large power of 33.46 KW for B10. As for fuel consumption for a rotation speed of 2750 rpm, B10 fuel provided 0.293 kg/(kW.hour) of specific fuel while Pertamina Dex requires 0.310 kg/(kW.hour) of specific fuel, meaning that the use of B10 saved 5.48% more than B10. As for fuel consumption for a rotation speed of 2750 rpm, B10 fuel provides 0.293 kg/kW.hour of specific fuel while Pertamina Dex requires 0.310 kg/kW.hour of specific fuel, meaning that the use of B10 saves 5.48% more than B10. Biodiesel B10 is able to provide good performance for use as a diesel engine fuel. The resulting gas emissions are smaller than diesel emissions. This proves that biodiesel is an environmentally friendly fuel.

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