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Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Published by Institut Agama Islam Negeri Surakarta
ISSN : 25278169     EISSN : 25278150     DOI : http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/al-ahkam
Core Subject : Religion, Humanities, Social,
Religion Humanities Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice Social Sciences
Al-Ahkam journal aims to facilitate and to disseminate an innovative and creative ideas of researchers, academicians and practitioners who concentrated in Sharia and Law. It covers textual and fieldwork with various perspectives of Islamic family law, Islamic economic law, Islam and gender discourse, and also legal drafting of Islamic civil law.
Arjuna Subject : Seni dan Humaniora - Seni dan Humaniora (Lain-Lain)
Articles 152 Documents
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Kajian Metodologis Terhadap Fatwa MUI Tentang Rokok Firmansyah, Heri
Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum Vol 4, No 1 (2019): Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Publisher : IAIN Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/al-ahkam.v4i1.1829

Abstract

Salah satu yang dihasilkan oleh ijtima Ulama Komisi Fatwa se-Indonesia III yang di adakan oleh MUI pada tahun 2009 di Padang Pajang adalah fatwa mengenai rokok. Di dalam fatwa yang dikeluarkan MUI, ada tiga poin ketentuan hukum mengenai hukum rokok, yaitu pertama mereka sepakat akan adanya perbedaan mengenai hukum merokok yaitu antara makruh dan haram. Kedua, peserta ijtima sepakat memberikan amanah kepada MUI Pusat untuk menetapkan fatwa kemakruhan atau keharaman rokok. Ketiga, dalam ijtima’ ulama tersebut disepakati bahwa hukum merokok haram bagi empat hal yaitu merokok di tempat umum, bagi anak-anak, bagi wanita hamil dan bagi pengurus Majelis Ulama Indonesia. Artikel ini berupaya untuk meneliti fatwa MUI tersebut dari sisi metodologinya. One of the results produced by Ijtima’ Ulama of the Indonesian Fatwa Commission III which was held by the MUI (Indonesian Ulema Council) in 2009 in Padang Pajang was a fatwa concerning smoking. In the fatwa issued by the MUI, there are three points in the legal provisions regarding the cigarette law, namely first they agreed that there would be a difference regarding the smoking law, namely between makruh and haram. Secondly, the ijtima participants agreed to give the mandate to the Central MUI to establish a fatwa for the makruh or haram of smoking. Third, the ijtima’ ulama agreed that smoking law is illegal for four things, namely smoking in public places, for children, for pregnant women and for the members of the Indonesian Ulema Council. This article seeks to examine the MUI fatwa in terms of its methodology.
Pengaruh Islamic Law System Terhadap Hukum Ekonomi Indonesia Janah, Tutik Nurul
Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum Vol 4, No 2 (2019): Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Publisher : IAIN Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/al-ahkam.v4i2.1962

Abstract

Islamic Law System is generally applied in Islamic countries. An Islamic state is a country that uses Islamic law as the formal law of the state. Indonesia is a country with a dominant legal system using the Civil Law System. However, despite the dominant use of the Civil Law System, the Islamic Law System is also quite influential in Indonesia, especially in Privat law and economic law. The influence of the Islamic Law System in Indonesian economic law can be seen from the passing of the Law on Sharia Banking and other Legislation relating to Islamic economics. The dynamics of the speed of the needs of economic actors for legislation makes economic law the most dynamic field of law among other fields of legal study. Nevertheless, the legal norms must not be in conflict with human rights and humanity in order to achieve social justice for all Indonesian people.
Pengupahan Buruh Panen Padi di Desa Pagersari, Mungkid, Magelang (Analisis Hukum Islam) Yanti, Aprilia Risma
Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum Vol 4, No 1 (2019): Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Publisher : IAIN Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/al-ahkam.v4i1.1324

Abstract

Wage of paddy labors in villages is mostly based on heredity habits. This practice occurs continuously in muamalah activities as in Pagersari village, Mungkid, Magelang. This research aims to analyze the wage of paddy labors in Pagersari village by looking at the condition of the people who do not understand the conformity of the practice with the  Islamic law rules about wage. The method used in this research was descriptive analysis with qualitative approach. The data collection techniques were using interviews, field studies, and documentation studies. Meanwhile the data analysis techniques covered the data reduction, the data presentation, and conclusion drawing. This research was done by people who practice the wage of paddy labors. The result of the research shows that those practices according to Islamic law are categorized in fikih muamalah; that is ijarah based on works (ijarah ala al a’mal) which has been fulfilled the contract basis (rukun akad). The wage received is bawon gabah with the comparison system 12:1, 13:1, and 14:1 from the harvest which is divided between the laborers and the farmers in kilogram units. The wage is categorized ajrul misli; that is worth it with the works and the working conditions. As seen from the appropriateness in Islamic law, the wage practice has fulfilled the worthiness and virtue elements. It just has not fulfilled the element of justice in the form of transparency in the distribution of wage in the balance. 
Islamic Family Law Reform: Early Marriage and Criminalization (A Comparative Study of Legal Law in Indonesia and Pakistan) Abubakar, Fatum
Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum Vol 4, No 2 (2019): Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Publisher : IAIN Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/al-ahkam.v4i2.1667

Abstract

In this paper I want to compare of legal law in Indonesia and Pakistan about early marriage. In Indonesia, marriage law No. 1/ 1974 explained that the limit of age of marriage is sixteen (16) years for women and nineteen (19) years for men. In Pakistan, after the 1961 MFLO amendment, Pakistan established the minimum age of marriage under the Child Marriage Restraint Act, 1929, is eighteen (18) years for men and sixteen (16) years for women. In addition to Law No. 1 of 1974, in Indonesia, the KHI is clearly repeating Article 15 Paragraph (2), for candidates who have not reached the age of 21 years, they must obtain permission as provided in Article 6 Paragraph (2), (3), (4), and (5) of Law No. 1 year 1974. Otherwise, in Indonesia this regulation is slower than other perversions country that I mention. The questions in this paper are; first, why does the legislation of Indonesia provides dispensation of marriage in the Court for prospective couples under the age of marriage? Second, why does Pakistan's legislation give prison sanctions and penalties for married couples under the age of marriage? Thirdly, why does the legislation of Indonesia and Pakistan implement different determination of law for early marriage? The conclusion; if both prospective brides are still below the minimum age for marriage, the parents of the two brides-to-be may submit a marriage dispensation in a religious court. Dispensation of this marriage is regulated in Minister of Religious Affairs Regulation No. 3 year 1975, specifically for people who are Moslems. This matter the marriage law also provides an outlet as a solution if the minimum age requirement is not met. Otherwise, In Pakistan, Historically; the marriage of children is in conflict between those who feel established and those who want change by reforming their family law. So, MFLO 1961 came out of the outcome of the change of the Child Marriage Restraint Act 1929 to sanction marriage with fines and imprisonment for married couples who are married under the minimum age set for marriage. Even sanctions are given for parents, guardian, and marriage organizers as well as even more than the sanctions given to his son. Even if the renewal of Islamic law in the Indonesia have been done. Indonesia is somewhat late in doing Islamic law reform than Pakistan.
Monodualistik Penanganan Tindak Pidana Pelecehan Seksual Perspektif Pembaharuan Hukum Acara Pidana Indonesia Susila, Jaka
Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum Vol 4, No 2 (2019): Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Publisher : IAIN Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/al-ahkam.v4i2.1795

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan : (1) Untuk mengetahui bagaimana penanganan kasus kejahatan pelecehan seksual (2) Untuk mengetahui sejauhmana negara dalam mengedepankan perlindungan hak bagi korban pelecehan seksual (3) Untuk mengetahui gagasan dasar perlindungan hukum terhadap korban kejahatan pelecehan seksual sebagai proses dalam pembaharuan hukum acara pidana (KUHAP) di Indonesia.Metode  yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini metode analisis-deskriptif (analytical-descriftif method). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kepustakaan (library research) an sich yang bersifat literer,  sekaligus bersifat field research (penelitian lapangan). Sifat library research artinya penelitian ini akan didasarkan pada data tertulis yang  berkaitan dengan kejahatan asusila atau seksualitas.Hasil penelitian pada penanganan kasus pelecehan seksual menunjukkan bahwa belum sepenuhnya memberikan efek jera bagi pelaku pelecehan seksual. Hal ini menjadi perhatian penting bagi penanganan korban pelecehan seksual sehingga tidak hanya menjadi langkah kuratif namun juga preventif dengan menekan niat pelaku pelecehan seksual. Dalam hal lain, sistem perlindungan hukum yang saat ini berjalan terhadap korban belum sepenuhnya mengembalikan luka baik psikologis maupun fisik setelah mengalami pelecehan seksual. Hal ini seharusnya menjadi perhatian penting bagi sistem hukum untuk tidak hanya memberikan perlindungan hukum selama proses hukum, namun juga mengembalikan martabat korban seperti sediakala. Oleh karenanya sistem hukum memberikan berbagai rekomendasi yang dapat diusulkan. Diantaranya adalah memberikan bentuk-bentuk sanksi berdasarkan perlakuan ekstern diantaranya yang diusulkan adalah hukuman kebiri serta hukuman rajam. Dimana perlakuan ekstern bertujuan untuk memberikan suatu efek jera. Pandangan lain memasukkan bahwa sistem hukum progresif dimana dalam pandangan ini maka hukum progresif menempatkan korban pelecehan seksual tidak hanya sebagai subjek namun juga menempatkan manusia yang menjadi korban tidak hanya secara fisik namun juga psikologis.
Peran Pengadilan Agama dalam Mendukung Perkembangan Industri Keuangan Syariah di Indonesia Al Hasan, Fahadil Amin
Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum Vol 4, No 1 (2019): Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Publisher : IAIN Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/al-ahkam.v4i1.1329

Abstract

Hukum dan ekonomi memiliki hubungan timbal balik dan saling mempengaruhi. Artinya, suatu kegiatan ekonomi yang tidak didukung oleh perangkat hukum yang baik memungkinkan akan mengakibatkan terjadinya kekacauan. Hal ini disebabkan karena para pelaku ekonomi akan melakukan aktivitasnya dengan tanpa standar norma yang pada akhirnya menyebabkan  kerugian di antara salah satu pihak yang melakukan aktivitas ekonomi. Jika dibiarkan begitu saja, hal tersebut akan menyebabkan iklim ekonomi di masa depan menjadi terganggu. Begitupun halnya dengan ekonomi syariah. Jika proses hukum, dalam hal ini penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah dilaksanakan dengan baik, maka pengembangan ekonomi dan keuangan syariah akan semakin baik. Pengadilan Agama sebagai salah salah satu pelaksana kekuasaan kehakiman di bawah Mahkamah Agung Republik Indonesia memiliki peranan yang penting dalam memajukan industri keuangan syariah di Indonesia. Hal ini didasarkan karena Pengadilan Agama merupakan lembaga negara yang memiliki kewenangan dalam menyelesaikan sengketa ekonomi syariah di Indonesia. Makalah ini mencoba membahas mengenai beberapa aspek penting yang terkait dengan penyelesaian sengketa ekonomi syariah di Pengadilan Agama, serta beberapa usaha yang dilakukan oleh Mahkamah Agung dalam menguatkan peran Pengadilan Agama dalam menyelesaikan sengketa ekonomi syariah. AbstractThe legal relationship with the economy has a reciprocal and mutually influencing relationship. That is, an economic activity that is not supported by a good legal tool will result in chaos, this is because the economic actors will perform its activities without standard norms that caused the loss of one party in conducting economic activities. If left alone, this will cause the economic climate in the future to be disturbed. Likewise with the sharia economy. If the legal process, in this case the sharia economic dispute resolution carried out well, then the development of sharia economic and financial industry will be better. The Religious Courts as one of the judicial authorities under the Supreme Court of the Republic of Indonesia plays an important role in advancing the sharia financial industry in Indonesia. This is because the Religious Courts are state institutions that have the authority to resolve the dispute of sharia economy. This paper tries to discuss some important aspects related to the settlement of sharia economic dispute in the Religious Courts, as well as some efforts made by the Supreme Court in strengthening the role of Religious Courts in solving the dispute of sharia economy.
Perda Syariah Perspektif Ketatanegaraan dan Siyasah Dusturiyyah hanum, cholida
Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum Vol 4, No 2 (2019): Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Publisher : IAIN Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/al-ahkam.v4i2.1530

Abstract

Salah satu buah dari reformasi adalah terjadinya perubahan mendasar pada sistem ketatanegaraan Indonesia yang semula sentralistik menjadi desentralistik. Tidak dapat dipungkiri bahwa sistem desentralisasi membuka kran bagi munculnya Perda-Perda Syariah. Selain itu Perda-Perda ini muncul terkait dengan historisitas penerapan syrai’at Islam di Indonesia sejak Islam masuk ke bumi Nusantara. Sebagian dari muatan Perda-Perda syariah tersebut bertentangan dengan ketentuan dalam prinsip-prinsip Hak Asasi Manusia baik yang terdapat dalam HAM dalam perspektif Islam maupun HAM yang dimuat dalam konstitusi Indonesia. Prinsip utama dalam ajaran agama Islam adalah kemaslahatan bagi masyarakat yang di dalamnya tertuang dalam Al-Qur’an dan As-Sunnah. Pelaksanaan aturan perundang-undangan termasuk peraturan daerah yang merupakan tataran terendah dalam hierarki peraturan perundang-undangan harus mewujudkan tujuan dasar negara ini yaitu perlindungan terhadap hak-hak warga negara serta dalam konsepsi siyasah dusturiyyah pun demikian diatur bahwa peraturan haruslah menjamin kemaslahatan bagi masyarakat sebagai tujuan utama dalam nomokrasi Islam.Kata Kunci: Perda Syariah, Siyasah Dusturiyyah, Kemaslahatan
The Technique of Determining Ijtihad and Its Application In Life: Analysis Of Istihsan, Maslahah Mursalah, ʻUrf, and Syarʻu Man Qablana MAULIDIZEN, AHMAD; Raihanah, Ashilah
Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum Vol 4, No 1 (2019): Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Publisher : IAIN Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/al-ahkam.v4i1.1600

Abstract

Islam as a comprehensive religion has regulated the Shari'a for the conduct of all human actions which the Shari'a is universal and its use is not limited by the times. There are four main sources in the determination of law in Islam, namely Alquran, Sunnah, Ijma and Qiyas. Apart from the source of the law, there are several methods used by ulul Usul Fiqh to determine the law on a new problem. The issue in this research is whether the methods of ijtihad such as Istihsan, Maslahah Mursalah, Urf, and Syar'u man qablana can be accepted and allowed by the Ulema Ushul fiqh in determining a law? What is the success in Islamic law? And how is it applied in human life and activity? The method used in this paper is the library study method. The results of the research obtained that Istihsan, Maslahah Mursalah, ‘Urf, and Syar’u man qablana are part of Islamic Shari'a. Despite the differences of opinion among the scholars regarding the ability to use the ijtihad methods. There are those who directly allow, some also give certain conditions in the process of determining the law. Described the arguments that strengthen the opinions of the scholars in issuing their fatwa. There are also examples of the implementation and application of the ijtihad method both at the time of the Prophet's best friend and in the present in accordance with the true Islamic Shari'a
Perbandingan Pengembangan Asuransi Syariah di Indonesia dan Malaysia (Analisis Aliran Mazhab Sejarah dan Law as a Tool of Social Engineering) Agustin, Inneke Wahyu
Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum Vol 5, No 1 (2020): Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Publisher : IAIN Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/al-ahkam.v5i1.1963

Abstract

This research discusses the development of Islamic insurance or known as takaful. The focus of discussion on sharia insurance in Indonesia and Malaysia by tracing the history of regulation and the growth of the industry. These two things are compared with the conclusion that you can understand the factors that cause differences in the development of Islamic insurance in Indonesia and Malaysia. With a comparative approach, the conclusion is that Islamic insurance regulations in Indonesia and Malaysia are formed based on the soul of the nation by historical flow of law. Have the same foundation, but Indonesia is slower in responding to regulations. As a result, the growth of the Islamic insurance industry in Indonesia lags behind that of Malaysia. The basic couse is due to the role of law in Indonesia is less responsive because the law acts as a means of social control, for changes in Islamic insurance to be more developed.
Controlling Dualism in Sharia Cooperative and Spirit of Institutional Progressivity Efendi, Mansur
Al-Ahkam Jurnal Ilmu Syari’ah dan Hukum Vol 5, No 2 (2020): Al-Ahkam: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Publisher : IAIN Surakarta

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.22515/al-ahkam.v5i2.2990

Abstract

Act no 1 of 2013 on micro-finance institution makes controlling dualism for a micro-finance institution, cooperative, including sharia cooperative. In that act, every micro-finance institution that operating its business must choose between a cooperative or limited liability company (PT) as a legal entity. According to the act on cooperative and act on the micro-finance institution, Sharia cooperative can be supervised by Finance Service Authority (OJK) or cooperative and micro-medium enterprise service. This dualism makes differences in how to determine controlling institutions for sharia cooperative. One of the contributing factors is the differences in controlling regulation between act on cooperative and act on the micro-finance institution. The result of this research shows that there are differences in controlling between act on cooperative and act on the micro-finance institution. The way of controlling, according to act on cooperative emphasizes principles to give autonomy, independency, and leniency to a cooperative. Whereas, the controlling model which implemented by OJK emphasize on prudential banking principles.

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