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Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum
Published by Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta
ISSN : 08548722     EISSN : 24430757     DOI : 10.14421/ajish
Core Subject : Religion, Social,
Religion Law, Crime, Criminology & Criminal Justice
2nd Floor Room 205 Faculty of Sharia and Law, State Islamic University (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga, Marsda Adisucipto St., Yogyakarta 55281
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Articles 8 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol 58 No 1 (2024)" : 8 Documents clear
Modus Masuk Islam sebagai Upaya Mendapatkan Hukum Formal Perkawinan Beda Agama di Jakarta Timur Aziz, Abdul; Hakim, Lukman
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 58 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v58i1.1391

Abstract

This study aims to find out and understand the phenomenon of Islamic conversion mode that occurs in interfaith marriages in Indonesia, focusing on five couples who pretend to convert to Islam to meet the legal requirements for marriage with Muslim women. In five cases, after the marriage, all five couples return to their original religions, thus creating inequality and dilemmas for the couples involved. This research uses field research through a legal anthropological approach to discover how legal norms interact with social and cultural practices. The findings of this study show that there is a practice of pretense, where one of the couples pretends to convert to Islam before marriage to carry out the marriage. After the marriage, one of the couples returned to their original religion. This phenomenon describes a pattern of behavior that causes dilemmas and inequalities in the realm of religion in the context of marriage. This article proposes the need for further research to understand the impact and implications of the mode of conversion to Islam, as well as to design policies that protect women's rights and freedoms in the realm of religion and marriage. Public awareness and policy support supporting equality are essential to create a fair and equitable environment. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dan memahami fenomena modus masuk Islam yang terjadi dalam perkawinan beda agama di Indonesia, dengan fokus pada lima pasangan yang berpura-pura masuk Islam untuk memenuhi syarat legal perkawinan dengan perempuan Muslim. Dalam lima kasus, setelah perkawinan terjadi, kelima pasangan kembali ke agamanya semula, sehingga menciptakan ketidaksetaraan dan dilema bagi pasangan yang terlibat. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi lapangan (field research) melalui pendekatan antropologi hukum yakni untuk mengetahui bagaimana norma-norma hukum berinteraksi dengan praktik sosial dan budaya di masyarakat. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa adanya praktik kepura-puraan, di mana salah satu pasangan berpura-pura masuk Islam sebelum menikah agar dapat melaksanakan perkawinan. Setelah perkawinan terjadi, salah satu pasangan kemudian kembali pada agamanya semula. Fenomena ini menggambarkan pola perilaku yang menimbulkan dilema dan ketidaksetaraan dalam ranah agama dalam konteks perkawinan. Artikel ini mengusulkan perlunya penelitian lebih lanjut untuk memahami dampak dan implikasi dari modus masuk Islam, serta untuk merancang kebijakan yang melindungi hak dan kebebasan perempuan dalam ranah agama dan perkawinan.
The Authority of the Fatwa of the Majelis Tarjih and Tajdid on Fajr Time in Ponorogo East Java: Between Scholarly Authority and Organizational Compliance Abdullah, Fuady; Novi Fitia Maliha; Sari, Ima Frafika
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 58 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v58i1.1399

Abstract

Fatwas are a significant tool in Islamic jurisprudence, regulating human behaviour and shaping society's knowledge and interpretation. In an organization, fatwas have more binding power. However, in responding to it, each faces other societal structures. This research focuses on implementing a tarjih decision (putusan tarjih) by the Tarjih and Tajdid Council (Majelis Tarjih dan Tajdid - MTT) of Muhammadiyah regarding changes in the Fajr time. Using Max Weber's theory of Social Action, this study investigates how the Council's legal-rational authority impacts compliance among followers. The findings show that organisational structure and acceptance of MTT influence Muhammadiyah members' obedience to the fatwa as an authority according to the criteria of Islamic jurisprudence. This study adds to the scholarly understanding of religious authority in contemporary Islamic organizations by focusing on how fatwa-making and its implementation steps affect community behaviour and religious practice. Furthermore, it emphasizes the significance of contextualizing Islamic law in response to local social dynamics, laying the groundwork for future research on the relationship between religious edicts and societal norms in organisational settings. Fatwa memainkan peran penting dalam yurisprudensi Islam dan merupakan alat untuk mengatur perilaku manusia dan membentuk pemahaman dan interpretasi masyarakat. Dalam konteks organisasi, fatwa memiliki kekuatan yang lebih mengikat. Namun, dalam menanggapinya, setiap individu juga dihadapkan pada struktur lain dalam masyarakat. Penelitian ini berfokus pada implementasi putusan tarjih oleh Majelis Tarjih dan Tajdid (MTT) Muhammadiyah terkait perubahan waktu subuh. Dengan menggunakan teori Max Weber tentang tindakan sosial, penelitian ini menyelidiki bagaimana otoritas legal-rasional MTT berdampak pada kepatuhan para pengikutnya. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepatuhan anggota terhadap fatwa dipengaruhi oleh struktur organisasi dan penerimaan terhadap MTT sebagai otoritas menurut kriteria yurisprudensi Islam. Studi ini menambah pemahaman ilmiah tentang otoritas keagamaan dalam organisasi Islam kontemporer dengan berfokus pada bagaimana pembuatan fatwa dan langkah implementasinya mempengaruhi perilaku masyarakat dan praktik keagamaan. Selain itu, studi ini menekankan pentingnya kontekstualisasi hukum Islam sebagai respons terhadap dinamika sosial setempat, yang menjadi dasar bagi penelitian di masa depan tentang hubungan antara fatwa agama dan norma-norma masyarakat dalam konteks organisasi.
Integrative-Intersubjective Type of Islamic Law Studies: The Shifting of Paradigms in Epistemology of Islamic Law at the Faculty of Sharī’a and Law, Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University, Indonesia Riyanto, Waryani Fajar
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 58 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v58i1.1426

Abstract

The epistemology of Islamic law studies has shifted from an atomization model towards an integration one. The integration of Islamic law epistemology includes the subjective, objective, and intersubjective types. The epistemological integration model in this field has become a crucial discourse at the State Islamic University (Universitas Islam Negeri – UIN) of Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Accordingly, the current article discusses the shifting of paradigms in epistemology of Islamic law studies at the Faculty of Sharī’a and Law (Fakultas Sharī’ah dan Hukum - FSH) UIN Sunan Kalijaga of Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Document study in qualitative research was employed as a research methodology in this study. The sources of data were obtained from the writings of intellectuals at FSH UIN Sunan Kalijaga. The analysis in this article was done by using Ṭāhā ‘Abdurraḥmān’s theory of integrative epistemology, through the integration between philosophical epistemology, i.e., subjective, objective, and intersubjective reasoning, and historical epistemology, i.e., early, middle, and late periods. The research found the integrative-intersubjective type of Islamic law studies as the scientific mentality of a Muslim jurist who is capable of creatively integrating subjective-objective-intersubjective reasonings and early-middle-late periods, to address issues of Islamic law in the contemporary era. This finding has implications in shaping a moderate reasoning of Islamic law studies, which is neither extremely subjective on the one hand nor extremely objective on the other. Epistemologi studi hukum Islam telah bergeser dari pola atomisasi ke arah integrasi. Integrasi epistemologi hukum Islam melingkupi tipe subjektif, objektif, dan intersubjektif. Model integrasi epistemologi di bidang ini telah menjadi diskursus penting di Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini mendiskusikan pergeseran paradigma pemikiran epistemologi studi hukum Islam di Fakultas Sharī’ah dan Hukum (FSH) Universitas Islam Negeri (UIN) Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Metode penelitian menggunakan studi dokumen dalam penelitian kualitatif. Sumber data diambil dari tulisan-tulisan para pemikir di FSH UIN Sunan Kalijaga. Artikel ini dianalisis menggunakan teori epistemologi-integratif dari Ṭāhā ‘Abdurraḥmān, melalui integrasi antara epistemologi kefilsafatan (nalar subjektif, objektif, dan intersubjektif) dan epistemologi kesejarahan (nalar periode awal, pertengahan, dan akhir). Penelitian ini menemukan tipe studi hukum Islam integratif-intersubjektif sebagai mentalitas saintifik bagi seorang ahli hukum Muslim yang mampu mendialogkan secara kreatif antara nalar subjektif, objektif, intersubjektif dan nalar periode awal, pertenghan, dan akhir, untuk penyelesaian masalah hukum Islam di era kontemporer. Temuan ini berimplikasi pada pembentukan nalar studi hukum Islam moderat, yaitu tidak ekstrim subjektif di satu sisi dan ekstrim objektif di sisi yang lain.
Marriage Dispensation: An Analysis from the Perspective of Islamic Marriage Law and the Sustainable Development Goals afif muamar; Tohayudin; Adang Djumhur; Muhammad Feby Ridho Pangestu
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 58 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v58i1.1327

Abstract

This article examines the implementation of marriage dispensation law in Religious Courts from the perspective of marriage law and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which often appear to be in conflict. Using a normative and sociological approach with qualitative analysis, this article finds that marriage dispensation, from the perspective of marriage law, is solely intended to serve the best interests of the child. It is a measure that must be carefully considered to ensure the child's protection, care, well-being, survival, and development. However, from the SDGs perspective, marriage dispensation may pose a threat or obstacle to achieving sustainable development goals, which aim to cultivate a reliable, resilient, and high-quality generation. The differing perspectives on marriage dispensation create an apparent contradiction between legal norms and sustainable development objectives. Nevertheless, these perspectives can be harmonized by recognizing that the goals of the SDGs and legal principles ultimately align. Thus, marriage dispensation should not always be viewed as a conflict between legal norms and societal realities. This divergence can be reconciled through court decisions that position marriage dispensation cases as das sein (facts/reality) and the SDGs' objectives as das sollen (ideals and aspirations). Artikel ini mengkaji penerapan hukum dispensasi kawin di Pengadilan Agama dari perspektif hukum perkawinan dan tujuan SDGs yang sering kali tampak saling bertentangan. Menggunakan pendekatan normatif dan sosiologis dengan analisis kualitatif, artikel ini menemukan bahwa dispensasi kawin dalam sudut pandang hukum perkawinan semata-mata untuk kepentingan terbaik anak, yaitu tindakan yang harus dipertimbangkan untuk memastikan perlindungan, pengasuhan, kesejahteraan, kelangsungan hidup dan tumbuh kembang anak. Sementara dalam perspektif SDGs, dispensasi kawin bisa menjadi salah satu ancaman atau penghambat bagi terwujudnya tujuan pembangunan yang berkelanjutan, yang hendak mempersiapkan generasi yang handal, kuat dan berkualitas. Sudut pandang yang berbeda dalam melihat dispensasi kawin tersebut menjadikan keduanya seolah saling bertentangan. Namun demikian, keduanya sebenarnya bisa diharmonisasikan dengan menyatukan persepsi bahwa antara tujuan SDGs dan tujuan hukum adalah satu kesatuan. Dengan demikian, dispensasi kawin tidak selalu harus dipertentangkan antara norma hukum dan realitas yang ada dalam masyarakat. Kenyataan tersebut bisa dijembatani melalui keputusan pengadilan, yang mendudukan kasus dispensasi kawin sebagai das sein (fakta/realita), dan tujuan SDGs sebagai das sollen (cita-cita dan harapan).
Ignoring Islamic Law for Family Harmony: The Practice of Delaying Inheritance Distribution in the Indigenous Muslim Community of Kampar, Riau Deri Eka Putra; Riyanta, Riyanta
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 58 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v58i1.1433

Abstract

The delay in inheritance distribution within the indigenous Muslim community of Kampar, Riau, is a longstanding tradition often justified as an effort to maintain family harmony. This phenomenon indicates that although Islamic inheritance law has been normatively established, its application is often selective or postponed in actual social practice. This study investigates the reasons behind such delays, the justifications provided by the community, and their implications for the understanding and implementation of Islamic law. This article use a qualitative approach, which data were collected through in-depth interviews toward religious and traditional leaders. The findings show that delay is not due to ignorance of Islamic legal obligations. Rather, it is a conscious decision rooted in cultural norms, socio-economic considerations, and emotional factors, such as respect for parents and the desire to avoid family conflict. This practice is supported by a communal consensus that prioritizes unity over immediate legal compliance. However, the study argues that although intended to preserve harmony, such postponements risk marginalizing rightful heirs and contradict the justice-oriented objectives of Islamic law (maqāṣid al-sharī’ah). The study concludes that contextual negotiation between customary traditions and Islamic law is necessary but must occur within a framework that ensures justice and legal clarity. Penundaan pembagian warisan dalam komunitas Muslim adat di Kampar, Riau, adalah tradisi yang telah berlangsung lama dan seringkali dibenarkan sebagai upaya untuk menjaga keharmonisan keluarga. Fenomena ini menunjukkan bahwa, meskipun hukum waris Islam telah ditetapkan secara normatif, ia seringkali diterapkan secara selektif atau tertunda dalam praktik sosial. Studi ini menyelidiki alasan penundaan tersebut, alasan yang diberikan oleh komunitas, dan efeknya terhadap pemahaman dan penerapan hukum Islam. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, yang datanya dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap tokoh agama, dan tokoh adat. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa penundaan tidak disebabkan oleh ketidaktahuan tentang kewajiban hukum Islam. Sebaliknya, itu adalah pilihan yang dibuat secara sadar berdasarkan norma budaya, pertimbangan sosial ekonomi, dan faktor emosional, seperti penghormatan terhadap orang tua dan upaya untuk menghindari konflik keluarga. Konsensus masyarakat yang mengutamakan persatuan daripada pemenuhan hukum segera mendukung praktik ini. Namun, penelitian ini berpendapat bahwa, meskipun dimaksudkan untuk menjaga keharmonisan, penundaan tersebut berpotensi meminggirkan ahli waris yang berhak, yang bertentangan dengan tujuan keadilan hukum Islam (maqāṣid al-sharī’ah). Menurut penelitian ini, perundingan kontekstual antara adat dan hukum Islam perlu dilakukan, tetapi harus dilakukan dalam kerangka yang menjamin keadilan dan kejelasan hukum.
Religion, Law, and State Power: The Dynamics of Legal Contestation in Indonesian Presidential Elections Alfarisi, Muhammad Adib; Fatimah, Siti; Astuti, Eka Zuni Lusi
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 58 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v58i2.1427

Abstract

This article examines the legal and political dynamics of the relationship between religion and the state in Indonesia, particularly in the context of presidential elections. Since the nation’s founding, this relationship has been a subject of contestation—beginning with the Jakarta Charter controversy and reemerging in the post-truth era through the rise of identity politics and populism. Employing library research and Michel Foucault’s heuristic framework, the study identifies three dominant paradigms in the religion–state relationship: secularist, traditionalist, and reformist or moderate Islamic. It argues that Indonesia’s current model aligns with the reformist Islamic paradigm, characterized by a reciprocal relationship in which the state supports the development of religion, while religion provides moral and ethical guidance to the state. The state integrates Islamic ethical values—such as honesty, justice, and brotherhood—into governance and social life, fostering a mutually beneficial framework. This symbiosis does not aim to establish a theocracy but rather promotes a morally grounded state apparatus. The study contributes to ongoing scholarly discussions by offering a framework for constructing a harmonious relationship between religion and the state in pluralistic societies. It concludes that strengthening reformist Islamic values can reinforce Indonesia’s democratic resilience and enhance the spiritual and ethical foundations of its political order. Artikel ini mengkaji dinamika hukum dan politik dalam hubungan antara agama dan negara di Indonesia, khususnya dalam konteks pemilihan presiden. Sejak awal berdirinya negara, hubungan ini telah menjadi subjek perdebatan—bermula dari kontroversi Piagam Jakarta dan kembali mencuat di era pasca-kebenaran melalui menguatnya politik identitas dan populisme. Dengan menggunakan metode studi pustaka dan pendekatan heuristik Michel Foucault, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi tiga paradigma dominan dalam relasi agama dan negara: sekularis, tradisionalis, dan Islam reformis atau moderat. Penelitian ini berargumen bahwa model hubungan yang berkembang di Indonesia saat ini selaras dengan paradigma Islam reformis, yang ditandai dengan hubungan timbal balik di mana negara mendukung perkembangan agama, sementara agama memberikan panduan moral dan etika bagi negara. Nilai-nilai etika Islam—seperti kejujuran, keadilan, dan persaudaraan—diintegrasikan ke dalam tata kelola pemerintahan dan kehidupan sosial, membentuk kerangka kerja yang saling menguntungkan. Simbiosis ini tidak bertujuan membentuk teokrasi, melainkan mendorong terbentuknya negara yang berlandaskan moral. Studi ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap diskursus ilmiah yang sedang berkembang dengan menawarkan kerangka untuk membangun hubungan yang harmonis antara agama dan negara dalam masyarakat pluralistik. Ditegaskan bahwa penguatan nilai-nilai Islam reformis dapat memperkokoh ketahanan demokrasi Indonesia serta memperdalam fondasi spiritual dan etika dalam tatanan politiknya.
Ambiguity of Damages in Civil Court Decisions: A Case-Based Analysis of Racial and Ethnic Discrimination in Indonesia Rusydi, Bustanul Arifien
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 58 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v58i1.414

Abstract

This study examines the ambiguity of damages in civil court decisions concerning racial and ethnic discrimination in Indonesia. Using a normative legal method with philosophical, conceptual, and case study approaches, the research focuses on the application of adequate causality theory by Johannes von Kries to assess the causal relationship between discriminatory acts and non-material harm. The study analyzes court decisions Surabaya District Court Decision No. 529/Pdt.G/2014/PN. Sby, Central Jakarta District Court Decisions No. 588/Pdt.G/2017/PN.Jkt.Pst and No. 13/Pdt.G/2018/PN.Jkt.Pst, which were declared inadmissible due to insufficient proof of harm. Findings reveal that current evidentiary standards are limited to material losses, leaving psychological harm—such as trauma, fear, and social stigma—unaddressed. This research proposes normative parameters for evaluating non-material damages, including psychological intensity, public exposure, duration of impact, and social vulnerability of victims. The study highlights the need for a more responsive evidentiary framework that accommodates the realities of symbolic and immaterial harm in discrimination cases.
Presidential Emergency Legislation in Indonesia: A Comparative Study of Fast-Track Mechanisms in Ecuador and Colombia Maslul, Syaifullahil
Asy-Syir'ah: Jurnal Ilmu Syari'ah dan Hukum Vol 58 No 1 (2024)
Publisher : UIN Sunan Kalijaga

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/ajish.v58i1.1434

Abstract

This research analyzes the presidential authority to issue Government Regulations in Lieu of Law (Perpu) during urgent conditions in Indonesia and explores the potential institutionalization of fast-track legislation as a more accountable alternative. Using statutory and conceptual approaches, the study identifies five fundamental problems with the current Perpu mechanism: disruption of legislative processes, judicial review conflicts, unlimited and subjective content scope, lack of legislative discussion, and unclear nomenclature. These issues risk executive overreach and weaken the principle of separation of powers. The research then compares Indonesia’s system with fast-track legislative mechanisms in Ecuador and Colombia. Both countries empower the president to expedite urgent bills with a 30-day legislative response period; Ecuador limits this to economic matters and grants the president authority to enact bills if the legislature fails to act, while Colombia has no such clear consequence. Based on this comparison, the study advocates abolishing the president’s authority to issue Perpu and replacing it with a formal fast-track legislative process involving the House of Representatives. This approach preserves democratic accountability, ensures legal certainty, restores separation of powers, and prevents unilateral executive actions prone to arbitrariness. The research concludes that amending Article 22 of the 1945 Constitution to institutionalize fast-track legislation offers a constitutionally sound and transparent solution to urgent legislative needs in Indonesia.

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