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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 14 Documents

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Search results for , issue " Vol 11, No 3 (2012)" : 14 Documents clear

PENGARUH CENDAWAN Trichoderma sp. TERHADAP TANAMAN TOMAT PADA TANAH ANDISOL [Effect of Fungus Trichoderma sp. on Tomato in Andisol Soil] Subhan, Subhan; Sutrisno, Nono; Sutarya, Rahmat
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

An experiment to determine the effect of Trichoderma fungus application in tomato grown in andisol soil, was conducted at IVEGRIâs (Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute) Experimental Garden in Lembang, Bandung, West Java (1250 m asl) from April 2011 until July 10 2011. Two treatments factos i.e. factor (1) Trichoderma application (without and using Trichoderma 10 fungi per plot and factor (2) NPK (15-15-15) fertilizer rate (0, 250, 500, 750 and 1000 kg NPK (15-15-15)/ha) were arranged in randomized block design with 4 replications. The results showed that although P uptake in tomato increased with Trichoderma sp. application, in general Trichoderma sp. application did not significantly affected several growth parameters and yield component of tomato. Significant effect of Trichoderma sp. application was only increased in total plant dry weight at 63 days after planting. The use of NPK (15-15-15) fertilizer 250 kg NPK/ha increased significantly on total plant dry weight and yield component such as total fruit weight per plot and fruit number per plot (15 m ).

PENGARUH TUMPANGSARI TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN DAN HASIL PANEN JARAK PAGAR (Jatropha curcas L.) HASIL REHABILITASI [The Effect of Intercropping on Growth and Yield of Rehabilitated of Physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.)] Mulyaningsih, Sri; Hariyono, Budi
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v11i3.500

A research to study the effect of intercropping on rehabilitated of physic nut (Jatropha curcas L.) was conducted in Muktiharjo Research Station, Pati, Central of Java, from January to December 2010. Plant materials were physic nut rehabilitated by grafting of main branch with IP-2A (1 year old) and intercrops (peanut, soybean, mungbean and sesame). The experiment arranged in randomized block design with 6 replications. The treatments were: 1) intercropping peanut + physic nut, 2) intercropping soybean + physic nut, 3) intercropping mungbean + physic nut, 4) intercropping sesame + physic nut, and 5) physic nut monoculture. Plot size was 8 m x 8 m, plant distance of physic nut 2 m x 2 m, and plant distance for peanut, soybean and mungbean were 25 cm x 25 cm and sesame was 50 cm x 25 cm. The result showed that jatropha seed yield on intercropping physic nut with soybean (980.05 kg/ha) and mungbean (974.22 kg/ha) were not significantly different from physic nut monoculture (1,094.84 kg/ha). Crop that appropriate for intercropped with rehabilitated physic nut (second year) were soybean and mungbean.

ADAPTASI AKSESI KENTANG HITAM {Plectranthus rotundifolius (Poir.) Spreng} TERHADAP BERBAGAI INTENSITAS CAHAYA [Adaptation of Black Potatoes Accessions {Plectranthus rotundifolius (Poir.) Spreng} to Different Light Intensity] Utami, Ning Wikan; Wawo, Albert Husein
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Light is one of limiting factors for plant growth, including black potatoes {Plectranthus rotundifolius (Poir.) Spreng}. This species is a potential carbohydrates source that has been utilized in some areas as an alternative food.Plant adaptation to light intensity is controlled by genetic potential and environment.The aim of this research is to obtain information about the light intensity that suitable for growing some black potato accessions and mutants. The study was compiled using Nested Randomized Complete Block Design.Five accessions (Solo, Sangian, Nganjuk, 6G and 25G) planted in 3 degrees of light intensity i.e. full light (N0), 70% (N1), 50% (N2) and 25% (N3).The results revealed that light greatly affect the growth and production of 5 accessions of black potatoes. Five accessions tend to tolerant for decreasing light intensity until 70%. Decreasing in growth and yield characters significantly occurred in 25% of light intensity than control. Solo and Sangian stable to 4 light intensity treatments.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BAHAN ORGANIK TERHADAP DAYA SIMPAN BENIH KEDELAI {Glycine max (L.) Merr.} [Effect of Organic Matter Application on Storage Period of Soybean {Glycine max (L.) Merr.} Seed] Umar, Sudirman
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v11i3.510

Fertilization with organic and inorganic fertilizers increase the availability of nutrients in the soil and improve soil physical and chemical properties, The nutrient must fulfill crop requirement regarding to its effect to seed quality. The object of experiment was to study the effect of a combination organic fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer to resilience of soybean {Glycine max (L.) Merr.} seed var. Anjasmoro. Storage of seeds, were conducted in the Post Harvest Laboratory of Balai Penelitian Pertanian Lahan Rawa-Balittra (Indonesian Swampland Agriculture Institute), Banjarbaru from October 2009 until April 2010. The experiment was designed in completely randomized with 4 replications. Seed water content, seed germination, vigor index, electrical conductivity and seedling development were observed. The results showed that during storage, water content of seed increased 3-4% and limit the water content of seeds was still able to be maintained at <13%. Organic matter and NPK fertilizer declined vigor and germination of seed. Vigor is still above 70% and germination as high as >77%; As lower as seed germination generate as higher as electrical conductivity and lower the seedling dry weight.

NILAI KEPENTINGAN BUDAYA KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS TUMBUHAN BERGUNADI HUTAN DATARAN RENDAH BODOGOL, SUKABUMI, JAWA BARAT [Index Cultural Significance of Useful Plants Diversity in Bodogol Lowland Forest, Sukabumi, West Java] Rahayu, Mulyati; Purwanto, Y; Susiarti, Siti
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Index Cultural Significance (ICS) of useful plants diversity in ethnobotanical study is an importance step, such as activity strategy which have subsystem aspect and traditional classification. Ethnobotany study in Bodogol lowland forest, West Java recorded more than 200 useful plants species within 3 times visits in 2009 to 2010. Data collection was done by âwalk in the woodâ,interview method, direct observation in permanent plots and estimation of Index Cultural Significance (ICS) form.Result of the study indicated that indigenous people around Bodogol lowland forest has good knowledge about biodiversity around them. Based on interview method, this study showed that indexs cultural significance of useful plants in this area was in the range of 0.5 and 86. Kawung {Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr.} has highest ICS whilst Acung leutik (Arisaema filiforme Bl.) is the lowest.

REGENERASI TUNAS DARI KALUS YANG TELAH DIBERI PERLAKUAN IRADIASI PADA PADI VARIETAS FATMAWATI [Shoot Regeneration of the Fatmawati Rice Variant Radiated Callie] Yunita, Rossa; Lestari, Endang G; Dewi, Iswari S
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Gamma ray mutative induction for increasing genetic variation has been applied for plant prime variety engineering. The materials are derrived from seed organ, shoot and calli. Calli is a group of actively dividing cell and have not been organized to form plant. The benefit of using calli explant is that the gamma ray could directly shot to DNA in the nuclear cell in such a way that there is higher opportunity for genetic change to occur. The problema of using calli explant are the difficulties in regenerating the calli into shoots, due to the deformation as a result of radiation process. Therefore, this research is aimed at obtaining the appropriate media formulation for shoot regeneration from Fatmawati-rice calli which has been irradiated with gamma ray. The reseach was conducted in BB-Biogen laboratory consisting of three experiments, such as : (1) calli iradiation with the dosage of 0; 5; 10; 15; 20; 25; 30; 35; 40; 45; 50; 55 and 60 Gy, (2) shoot regeneration at the MS + BA (0, 1, dan 3 mg/l) + IAA (0 dan 0,8 mg/l) media, and BA (0, 1, and 3 mg/l) + zeatin ( 0; 0,1; 0,2 and 0,3 mg/l) + IAA 0,8 mg/l and (3) Shoot induction at MS + IBA (0, 1, 2 and 3 mg/l) media. The result shows that the range of LD50 was obtained at the dosage of 30 Gy, the most apropriate media for shoot regeneration is MS + BA 3 mg/l + IAA 0,8 + zeatin 0,1 mg/l and media for root induction is IBA 1 mg/l.

ANATOMI HELAIAN DAUN MURRAYA SPP. (RUTACEAE) DI JAWA [The Anatomical of Murraya spp. (Rutaceae) Leaflet in Java] Tihurua, Eka Fatmawati; Astuti, Inggit Puji; Rugayah, Rugayah
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Leaf anatomy of four species of Murraya (Rutaceae) have been examined. Murraya spp. leaf has dorsiventral type. Anticlinal epidermis cell wall present with straight-undulate and square-irregular shaped. Anomocytic stomata distribute only in the lower surface and simple trichome spread in both leaf surfaces except M. crenulata (Turz.) Oliv. which has trichome only in the lower surface. Mesophyll consist of 2 or more layers of palisade tissues in the leaf upper part and sponge below, but M. exotica L. has palisade tissue in both leaf side. Oil gland distribute in the mesophyll. Crystal present as prismatic (cuboid) and drusse type.

KARAKTERISTIK RAGAM KULTIVAR KELAPA (Cocos nucifera L.) YANG DIGUNAKAN SEBAGAI BAHAN UPAKARA PADUDUSAN ALIT DI BALI [Characteristic Variation of Coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) as Materials of Upakara Padudusan Alit Ceremonial in Bali] Kriswiyanti, Eniek
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Exploration have been conducted to determine characters variation of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) usually used in Upakara Padudusan Alit ceremonial by Balinese people, covering coconut plantation areas in each regency (kabupaten) of Bali.The characterization is based on measurement and observation of parts of plant according to âDescriptors for Coconutâ (IBPGR, 1992). Upakara Padudusan Alit use five âcultivarsâ of coconut known as "nyuh panca warna", derived from coconut with specific individual character i.e. has bole. There are five cultivars C. nucifera L. var. typica Nar. ), i.e. âGading Tall, Bulan Tall, Udang Tall and Sudamala Tall. Besides there are 4 derived cultivars from Dwarf coconut (Cocos nucifera L. var. Riff nana), i.e. âGadang Dwarf, Gading Dwarf , Bulan Dwarf and âUdang Dwarf. Characteristics of each coconut are in certain part, like Gadang, Gading, Bulan, with green, yellow and white epicarp. The Nyuh Udang is red in calyx base or in mesocarp; inflorescence of âSudamala tallâ has two bracts, branched spatha and flat spikelet stalk. Determination key of these cultivars is produced.

PEMANFAATAN POHON LOBA (Symplocos fasciculata Zoll.) SEBAGAI PEMBANGKIT WARNA ALAM PADA KERAJINAN TENUN DI DESA PEJENG, TAMPAK SIRING, GIANYAR, BALI [Use of Loba Tree (Symplocos fasciculata Zoll.) as Natural Dye Mordant in Home Weaving Industry in Pejeng Village, Tampak Siring, Gianyar, Bali] Hanum, SF; Darma, IDP; Sumerta, IMd
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v11i3.507

Indonesias plant diversity potentially as natural dyes. A general process in dyeing with natural dyes needed mordanting workmanship on the material to be dyed/stamped. The process of mordanting is done by immersing the material into the metal salts, such as aluminum, iron,tin or chrome. Amid fears of negative impacts caused by dyes and synthetic mordant to health and the environment, people begin to look back the use of natural dyes. So far, the material used for mordanting is alum; though Loba tree (Symplocos fasciculata Zoll.) is one type of plant that can be useful as mordant but today not many people knows the role of this plant. This paper aims to determine the S. fasciculata role and its use as mordant for natural dye textiles. The method used was interviews with parties concerned. The results of this research is aknowledge on S. fasciculata role as a mordant as local wisdom in traditional Balinese weaving. Plant parts that may be used are leaves and inner bark. Conservation efforts is eagerly continued by Eka Karya Bali Botanic Gardens-The Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI). Currently two species (among 250 naturally grow) of Symplocos conserved at Eka Karya Bali Botanic Garden-LIPI.

GEJALA KLINIS DAN PATOLOGI ANATOMI PASCA INFEKSI Campylobacter jejuni PADA AYAM BROILER [Clinical Symptoms and Pathology Anatomy due to Infection Campylobacter jejuni on Broilers] Andriani, Andriani; Sudarwanto, Mirnawati; Setiyaningsih, Surachmi; Kusumaningrum, Harsi Dewantari; Pisestyani, Herwin
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 11, No 3 (2012)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Campylobacter spp. is a bacteria foodborne zoonotic agent that can infect humans and animals, especially birds. This bacteria can cause important problems in the public health since the beginning at the farm level, the level of retail and on the table. Poultry meat is the main source of contamination because the digestive tract of poultry is the predilection of Campylobacter jejuni. During this infection C. jejuni in poultry did not show typical clinical symptoms, making detection quite difficult to diagnose this disease at the farm level. Incidence infection of Campylobacter sp. in developed countries had 5-90%. Currently poultry production and consumption are predicted to still increase due to a high demand for low price protein. This research is conducted to determine the clinical and pathologic anatomy due to an infection of C. jejuni on chicken digestive tract. A total of 105-day-old chickens are divided into 3 groups, each consisting of 35 individuals. Group A was the control group (not infected) group B (infected with C. jejuni ATCC 33291), and group C (infected with field isolate of C. jejuni/C1). Infection of the chicken is done 0.5 ml peroral suspension concentration of104cfu/ml. Anova Duncan is used to analyze parameters of body weight, increase weight gain, feed consumption, FCR values. Kurskall Walis method used to analyze the parameters non-parametric form of the score changes in the macroscopic and microscopic intestinal and liver. Infection of C. jejuni changes the pathology anatomy of intestine i.e. hyperemia, enteritis and enteritis catharalis haemorrhagic. A microscopic change of intestinal is oedema,haemorrhage and infiltration of inflammatory cell. Changes of pathology anatomy liver are colour smeary, congesti, pale, fragile and necrotic. Microscopic changes of liver are degeneration and focal hepatic necrosis. Group observation infected by C. jejuni caused chicken cannot reach maximum body weight and can be detrimental to farmers because of increase of the value of the feed conversion ratio (FCR).

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