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BERITA BIOLOGI

berita_biologi
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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 2,125 Documents

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ANALISIS SENYAWA BIO AKTIF DARI EKSTRAK BUI PICUNG (Pangium edule Reinw.) SEGAR Mangunwardoyo, Wibowo; Ismaini, Lily; Heruwati, Endang Sri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Pangi (Pangium edule Reinw.) seed has long been used traditionally as a preservative agent for fish, especially in remote areas.A study has been conducted on analysis of bioactive compounds of pangi fresh seeds extracts and their fractions.In this study,maceration of fresh seed using water and 50% ethanol was carried out followed by thin layer chromatography (TLC) analysis to see weather the extracts contained tannin. Both extract then separated into their respective fractions using column chromatography.Fractions which had been tested to have highest antibacterial activity were then analysed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to assess the active compounds which believe to be a preservative agent.Identification of water and 50% ethanol extract of Pangium edule Reinw.fresh seeds with TLC resulted that tannin were found in those extracts. Furthermore, GC-MS analysis showed that fractions which had been previously tested to have high antibacterial activity contained 9-octadecanoic acid whith similarity index of 89%, and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid whith similarity index of 94-85%.

KEEFEKTIFAN BAHAN PELINDUNG ALAMI DALAM MEMPERTAHANKAN INFEKTIVITAS Spodoptera exigua NUCLEOPOLYHEDROVIRUS (SeNPV) Samsudin, Samsudin; Santoso, Teguh; Rauf, Aunu; Kusumah, Yayi Munara
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 10, No 6 (2011)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Spodoptera exigua nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeNPV) is a viral pathogen of onion caterpillar S. exigua with high pathogenicity. One of the major constraints to the use of SeNPV for biocontrol of onion caterpillar is its sensitivity to ultraviolet (UV) degradation. The purposes of this research were to determine the effect of sunlight exposure on the virulence of SeNPV and to find out the effective natural UV protectant to maintain the SeNPV virulence. The results showed that the sunlight radiation affects the SeNPV infectivity. Addition of 1% of coconut shell charcoal, lampblack, husk charcoal, yam flour, molasses, yam filtrate, turmeric filtrate and green tea filtrate to the SeNPV suspension were found to be effective as UV protectant. Coconut shell charcoal, lampblack and husk charcoal are activated carbon that can absorb UV light. Yam filtrate is a natural ingredient that contains saponins and is able to protect SeNPV particles as reflectance. While molasses, turmeric filtrate and green tea filtrate containing flavanoid serve as a protective virus particles and UV absorber.

VIRULENCE OF Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae AND REACTION OF RICE GENOTYPES TO THE RACES OFTHE PATHOGEN [Vimlensi Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae dan Reaksi Genotipe Padi Terhadap Ras Patogen] Suryadi, Y; Kadir, Triny S
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 10, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14203/beritabiologi.v10i2.1973

The objective of the trials is to study host-pathogen relationships under green house test and field experiment.The virulence of Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (XOO) isolates of races III, and VIII is characterized on rice genotypes with different resistance to bacterial blight (BB) disease. The result shows that the multiplication of the bacterial population on the resistant (IR 36) and susceptible (TN-1) rice genotype is almost similar at initial Aage of infection; however, BB symptom expression as indicated by lesion length and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) are much faster on TN-1 than that on IR 36 genotype. Based on rice field trial in Pusakanagara Expt. St; W. Java; almost all rice genotypes tested shows susceptible (S) to highly susceptible (HS) against XOO race VIII at generative stage observation.

VARIASI INTRASPESIES Monascus purpureus DALAM BERBAGAI SAMPEL ANGKAK DARI JAWA TIMUR Suharna, Nandang
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 5 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Study was carried out to know intraspecific variation within Monascus purpureus in Chinese red rice (angkak) collected from a number of cities in East Java, covering isolation, characterization and identification of Monascus based on cultural and microscopic characters.Results showed that cultural and microscopic observation on 19 representative isolates of Monascus which each isolate was observed from 19 sample of angkak showed variations among those isolates.Those characters were rate of growth, pigmentation,crystalline hyphae, spore size and cleistothecium diameter.These results indicated that there are intraspecies variaty on M.purpureus used in angkak production. Moreover, cultural and morpholological characters such as colony diameter and askomata seemingly can not be used as taxonomic characters.

KOMPOSISI JENIS DAN JUMLAH BURUNG LIAR YANG DIPERDAGANGKAN DIJAWA BARAT Haryoko, Tri
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 10, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Wildbird trade is a threat to the conservation of birds population in Indonesia. The main causes of wildbirds extinction are habitat loss or habitat destruction and poaching for trade.The aim of this study was to identify trade of wildbird species in West Java. The survey was carried out in October to November 2008.A total of 2080 birds (consisted of 67 species and 29 family) were traded in Bandung, Garut and Tasikmalaya areas.Bird markets in those three areas traded 1051, 496 and 533 birds respectively. The result of one way analysis of variance (anova) using SPSS 13.0 F , ll15)= 2,398 < Ftabel = 3,042, showed no significant different in the above mentioned three bird markets.

DAUR PATOLOGIS TEGAKAN HUTAN TANAMAN Acacia mangium Willd. Nuhamara, Simon Taka; Hadi, Soetrisno; Suhendang, Endang; Suhartono, Maggy T; Syafii, Wasrin; Achmad, Achmad
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Heart rot on Acacia mangium Willd. forest stand is critical especially for mechanical or construction wood based purposes. Failure on understanding the nature and the way it get established into the tree stem may cause high economic consequences.Anticipating such a worse condition, studies on cull factor in relation to age was initiated. Eventually the study is aimed at healthy cutting cycles of the clear and purposely stand establishment. The study had been carried out at BKPH Parung Panjang, KPH Bogor. Following the cull factor measurement technique combined with the pathological rotation estimation procedures, it was found that the healthy volume was 0.0623 m and the cull factor was 31.25 %.The figures were at the age of nine years. Therefore, the pathological rotation cycle for the A. mangium stand in the area could be fitted at eight years, as being adopted so far.This is true, when the plantation is established for the production of wood, provided that the tending operation is optimal. Applying the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) indices, the general performance of the A. mangium forest stand in Parung Panjang is found to be in healthy criteria. The damage indices for all stand ages investigated varied from 2.77 (lowest) to 5.16 (highest) as compared to the 21.18 value, the possible highest FHM tree index.

HETEROSIS, HETEROBELTIOSIS DAN TINDAK GEN KARAKTER AGRONOMIK KEDELAI {Glycine max (L.) Merrill} Krisnawati, Ayda; Adie, MM
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 10, No 6 (2011)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Most of the soybean {Gfycine max (L.) Merrill (varieties in Indonesia are produced through hybridization. Expected value of heterobeltiosis,heterosis and the gene action is needed to know to optimize the development strategy of soybean varieties. The experiment was conducted in The Balai Penelitian Tanaman Kacang-kacangan dan Umbi-umbian (Balitkabi) greenhouse. The first stage was to form Fl hybrid seed,which was done from May to July 2009; the second stage was for the assessment of Fl plants (August-November 2009). Heterosis,heterobeltiosis and the potential ratio are calculated from the 18 crosses combinations derived from 6 parental genotypes. Data used include the flowering day (days), maturity day (days), plant height (cm), number of branches/plant, number of node/plant, number of pods/plant,seed yield/plant (g) and SO seeds weight (g). Cross combinations that have the highest heterosis values are on the flowering day, maturity day, number of branches/plant and number of node/plant; heterobeltiosis also showed the highest value on the same agronomic characters.Heterosis value of the character of seeds per plant ranged from -36.50% to 75.49%, while for heterobeltiosis ranged from -48.68% to 58.31%. The highest heterosis value was indicated by the Fl from crosses Willis x Malabar. The highest heterobeltiosis value was indicated by crosses of Willis x Grobogan, which means that these crosses have the 58.31% higher yield than the best parents. The soybean yield is controlled by dominant genes and over-dominant. Combination crosses Willis X MLG 0706 (reciprocal) has a higher potential ratio for die character of the number of pods and seeds yield/plant compared to the value of the other potence ratio. Development of soybeans with the use of hybrid heterosis phenomenon still needs to be assessed in terms of economic feasibility.

IDENTIFIKASI MOLEKULAR ISOLAT KAPANG PENGHASIL Ã-GLUCAN BERDASARKAN DAERAH INTERNAL TRANSCRIBED SPACER (ITS) Srikandace, Yoice; Caterina A, Ines Irene; Mangunwardoyo, Wibowo
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 5 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Research was conducted to identify the fungal isolate G.23 which produces b-glucan from the Biopharmacy Laboratoriums collection.Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIP1) based on the sequence of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) regions.DNA was isolated from mycelia and the ITS region was amplified by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with ITS1 and ITS4 primers. The PCR product was purified using the QIAquick PCR Purification kit (Qiagen). BigDye terminator cycle sequencing Ready Reaction Kit (Perkin Elmer Applied Biosystem) was used and the product was purified with the AutoSEQ G-50 Kit (Qiagen).The sequence obtained analysed using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool nucleotide (BLAST)n homology search.The BLASTn result showed that the fungal isolate G.23 belongs to the genus Aspergillus. Taxa closely related to this isolate were Aspergillus elegans,A. ochraceus and A.sclerotiorum with 96% sequence homology.ClustalX was used for sequence-alignment. Phylogenetic analysis was constructed using the Neighbour Joining (NJ) method with Kimura two parameters. The phylogenetic tree obtained showed that fungal isolate G.23 separated from A. elegans, A. ochraceus and A. sclerotiorum which indicated that fungal G.23 belonged to a different spesies.Morphological observation on culture and microscopic appearance of the fungal isolate G.23 supported that this isolate differs from A. elegans, A. ochraceus and A. sclerotiorum.

PEMANFAATAN KONSORSIUM BAKTERI LOKAL UNTUK BIOREMEDIASI LIMBAH TEKSTIL MENGGUNAKAN SISTEM KOMBINASI ANAEROBIK-AEROBIK Sastrawidana, I Dewa K; Lay, Bibiana W; Fauzi, Anas Miftah; Santosa, Dwi Andreas
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The objective of this research is to study the potential use microorganisms which are identified as Aeromonas sp., Pseudomonas $p., Flavobaclerium sp., Plesiomonas sp. and Vibrio sp. Five bacteria strains from sludge of Badung river were identified as Vibrio sp. and Plesiomonas sp. Two anaerobic-aerobic reactors were operated to treat textile waste water. Each reactor contained vulcanic stone to increase spesific surface of media for attachment of bacteria.Bacteria consortia used for anaerobic process consist of Aeromonas sp. (ML6), Aeromonas sp. (ML14), Aeromonas sp. 9ML24), Pseudomonas sp. (ML8) and Flavobacterium sp. (ML20). Whereas, bacteria consortia for aerobic process consist of Plesiomonas sp. (SB1), Plesiomonas sp. (SB2), Vibrio sp.(SB1), Vibrio sp. (SB2) and Vibrio sp. (SB3). The system was operated for 3 day in each reactor. The result showed, biodegradation of textile waste water in combined anaerobic-aerobic system by attached growth process is potential for treatment of textile waste water.This technology is effective to decrease COD value up to 98.38%, BODS 93.90%, TDS 80.87%, TSS 87.50% and decolorization of textile dyes up to 95.57%.

AKTIVITAS ENZIM PROTEASE DARI Mucorjavanicus YANG DITUMBUHKAN PADA MEDIA TEPUNG SINGKONG {Mannihot utilissima) Choliq, Abdul
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The experiment was conducted to study the activity of protease from Mucor javanicus in cassava flour media. The influence of peptone and incubation time to the production of the enzyme,and the influence of pH and temperature to the activity of protease were studied. The production of protease was conducted in the flask (100 ml) which contain 17.5 g cassava flour and SO ml aqueous media.The species of M.javanicus observed consist of 10 strains. The strain of M.javanicus which has the highest production of protease among the tenth was incubated in cassava flour media with 3 variations of incubation time (4, 7 and 10 days) and 5 variations of peptone concentration (1-5%). The pH and temperature used for protease characterization were pH 4.0-7.0 and 30-70Â°C, respectively. The results show that the highest protease production with the optimal incubation period 7 days (0.51 U/ml)was M. javanicus M3. The optimal concentration of peptone for protease production was 2 %. The optimal protease activity was reached in pH 5 and temperature 50ÃÂ°C with the value of 4.53 U/ml.

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