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BERITA BIOLOGI

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Published by Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia

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Core Subject : Science, Agriculture,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology

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Articles 2,125 Documents

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KEANEKARGAMAN FLORA ANGGREK (ORCHIDACEAE) DICAGAR ALAM GUNUNG SIMPANG, JAWA BARAT Sulistiarini, Diah
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Species diversity of orchids in The Gunung Simpang Nature Reserve. Cianjur. West Java was investigated, where thirty three species of orchids are recorded. Two species (Ceraiosiylis capiialu Z. & M. and Trichogloitis ngida Bl.) are regarded as endemic. Three species are new records to Java namely Appendicula babiensis J.J.Sm., A. aberrans Schltr. and Bulbophyllum appressicaule Ridl.

TINGKAT KELANGSUNGAN HIDUP FRAGMEN KARANG Acroporaformosa YANG DITRANSPLANTASIKAN PADA MEDIA BUATAN YANG TERBUAT DARI PECAHAN KARANG (RUBBLE) Fadli, Nur
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Coral reefs around the world continue to decline.Corals killed by natural or anthropogenic disturbances are often degraded into rubble. This rubble is dynamic, easily shifted by storms and currents which may forms "killing fields" for coral juveniles, hindering coral recovery. In order to rehabilitate the coral reef, artificial substrates are always used as artificial reefs both for coral transplantation and recruitment. Unfortunately, most artificial substrates are expensive and used material from outside of the ocean (for example concrete/cement base). In order to develop a new low-cost artificial substrate that can be replacing the concrete/cement-base as a media for coral transplantation and coral recruitment, the modified coral rubble were tested in Seribu Islands, Jakarta. Two different net (nylon and polyethylene) were used to form or to shape rubble into a compact shape, stable and strong substrate.The stability of the rubble and the complexity of the surface which is created by the net make this substrate suitable for coral transplantation and coral recruitment. In 6 m, the highest survival was recorded for coral fragments that were transplanted on cement-base (58%). The lowest survival was recorded on nylon + rubble (16%). While, in 10 m, the highest survival was found on cement-base (40%) and the lowest was on polyethylene + rubble (3%). The modified coral rubble is a potential method for coral transplantation and coral recruitment. However, this approach requires testing at additional sites to determine the replicability of the results.

KEANEKARAGAMAN TUMBUHAN PULAU SEPANJANG JAWA TIMUR Rugayah, Rugayah; Suhardjono, Suhardjono; Susiarti, S
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 10, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Sepanjang Island is a small island located in the eastern part of Madura Island in the Province of East Java. An exploration has been carried out in 200S to record plant diversity of this area. More than 2S0 species of plants were recorded including the cultivated ones. Apocynaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, Malvaceae, Meliaceae, Moraceae, Rhamnaceae and Vitaceae were dominant in this island. Aglaia lawii, Anadendron sp., Tetrastigma lanceolarum, Uvaria littoralis, Zyzyphus jujuba were common in all study sites. Eleven collections are new records for Flora of Jawa and 29 numbers are new collection for Herbarium Bogoriense from this island.

KOMUNITAS CACING TANAH PADA BEBERAPA PENGGUNAAN LAHAN GAMBUT DI KALIMANTAN TENGAH (Earthworms Community on Several Land uses of Peat Land in Central Kalimantan) Maftuah, Eni; Susanti, Maulia Aries
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 4 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Peat land has specific character, depends on depth of peat and peat decomposition rale.Earthworms has a role in decomposition,carbon cycle, nutrient redistribution, bioturbation and cycle of nutrient.The aim of the research was to identify the population and diversity of earthworms on peat soil in central Kalimantan and to get species of dominant earthworm in peat land.The research was carried out in several peat land use in Basarang and Kalampangan, Central Kalimantan within dry and rainy season.The collection of earthworms was by using hand sorting method. The result showed that population of earthworms on mulch was higher than the deep peat.Land use influenced population and diversity of earthworm. The population and diversity of earthworms were highest on pineapple (shallow peat soil).The dominant species earthworm in peat land was Iomoscolex corethurus.

PERTUMBUHAN AKAR DUAPULUH GENOTIP PADI GOGO PADA KAHATFOSFOR DAN CEKAMAN ALUMINIUM Suhartini, Tintin
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 10, No 3 (2010)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Phosphorous insufficiency is a limiting factor for rice production. P deficiency in acid soil of tropical regions causing fixation of Al. Because of it, the giving P fertilizers in acid soil become not efficient. To exploit tolerance varieties to P deficiency and Al toxicity are one of the solutions to decrease P fertilizers. The objective of this experiment was to screen twenty upland rice genotypes for P deficiency and Al toxicity, and double stress Al toxicity and P deficiency in culture solution. The experiment was arranged in a split plot design with three replications. The main plots were aluminium treatment (without and 45 ppm Al), the sub plots were P treatments (0 ppm P, 0,5 ppm P, 5 and 10 ppm P) and twenty genotypes of upland rice were sub-sub plot. The root length and root dry weight characters were used to identify genotypes tolerant to P deficiency and Al toxicity. The results indicated that based on the root length character, Sentani and K36-5-1-1-1 were tolerant to Al toxicity and double stress P deficiency and Al toxicity; while based on the root dry weight character, K36-5-1 -1-1 and NIL-C443 were tolerant to P deficiency, Al toxicity and double stress P deficiency.

PERKECAMBAHAN DAN VIGOR SEMAI Picrasma javanica Blume PADA BERB AGAI SUHU Sutarno, Hadi; Utami, Ning Wikan
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 2 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

The successfull cultivation of useful plant largely depends on the quality of seeds, especially viability and germination vigor. Seed of Picrasma javanica Blume has potential use in the development of templates for new drugs, e. g. to treat malaria.For most species there is still little or no information about the suitable temperature regime for germination and seedling depelopment,therefore,it is interesting to study germination and seedling vigor of Picrasma javanica. The mature green were picked and cleaned before using for experiments.Germination was carried out in 24 compartments of a thermogradientbar apparatus.The temperature gradient extends from 4.8 to 41.6Â°C with 1.6Â°C steps from the first to the 24 th compartment. Twenty seeds were germinated in each compartment. Seeds were sown on 2 layers of filter-paper strips.Everyday for 77 days during germination the germinating seeds were recorded.For hilling experiments those seeds from compartment number 3 to number 13 of thermogradientbar apparatus were than removed to incubator 32Â°C for 28 days. On the seedling vigor, all germinating seed from incubator were removed for replanting in growth room with sand medium. The seedling establishment capacity in the different thermal regions can thus be identified. The results showed that seeds attained 50% germination after 43 days when placed at the gradientbar 22.4Â°C to 41.6Â°C with optimum temperature 36.8Â°C. A 28 days temperatuture pretreatment ranging gradually from 4.8Â°C up to 20.8Â°C has promoted germination significantly. Mechanism of pretreatment on low and high temperature was discussed.

KEANEKARAGAMAN FLORA CAGAR ALAM NUSABARONG, JEMBER - J AWA TIMUR Partomihardjo, Tukirin; Ismail, Ismail
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 1 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Flora of Nusa Barong Nature Reserve, Jember-East Java, was intensively surveyed in 2005. At least 357 specimens consist of 282 species belonging to 232 genera and 88 families have been collected during the survey. Those are includes four species of Pterydophytes and 278 species of Spermatophytes. Among them there were three protected species Corypha utan, Excoecaria agalloca and Protium javanicum. Based on the IUCN categorization status, there were five species under threatened condition, i.e.Agalia edulis (LR/nt), Casearia flavovirens (VU.Bl+2c), Cycas rumphii (NT decreasing), Intsia bijuga and Intsia palembanica,both under VU.Al.cd.The natural population of these last two species was drastically decreasing due to the international trade. Most of the species recognized as new records for the island since there was no complete flora record of the area. Further studies are needed to gain more complete biodiversity information of small island ecosystem.

SIDIK JARI DNA PLASMA NUTFAH PADI LOKAL MENGGUNAKAN MARKA MOLEKULER SPESIFIK UNTUK SIFAT PADI BERAS MERAH Utami, Dwinita W; Ilhami, Aderahma; Hanarida, Ida
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 10, No 2 (2010)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Red rice is one corp that has genetic variation both based upon phenotype and genotype evaluation using moleculer markers for specific gene. A research objective is to identify genetic diversity using red rice specific molecular markers. Forty accessions of Indonesian local rice included 9 accessions of red rice germplasm were used as genetic materials for this research. Specific molecular markers (RC3, RC9 and RC12) for a pigment color found in rice seed were designed based on alignment sequence analysis to rc-bHLH gene, a transcription factor for prothocyanidine protein. Then these markers were used to analyze the genetic variation of red rice. Cluster analysis and association test between phenotype and genotype performances were analyzed by TASSEL 2.1 software program. Results showed that red rice accessions distributed into 2 cluster. One cluster is more closely related to white rice than the other. The association test showed RC12 is the most significant marker in association with the red rice trait: red pericarp and white aleuron. These phenotype variations were found in Cempo merah, one accession originated from Yogyakarta and Pulut mandoti, one accession from South of Sulawesi.

ABSORBSI GLUKOSA DAN SUKROSA SEBAGAI SUMBER KARBON UTAMA OLEH KOMUNITAS MPG PADA KONDISI ANAEROBIK-AEROBIK Supriyati, Dyah
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 5 (2009)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

To study the role of substrate on the establishment of glycogen accumulating organism (MPG), activated sludge originated from anaerobic-aerobic process was implemented on waste water treatment plant which was acclimated with glucose and sucrose.Both susbtrates were effectively utilized by microbial communities during anaerobic condition. Those absorbed substances were converted to glycogen.Glycogen was also used as energy generating process as indicated by a decrease of glycogen. The dominancy of glycogen accumulating organism suppresses the polyphosphate accumulating organism as indicated by no significant release of orthosphosphate during anaerobic condition.

STUDI FITOKIMIA Ocimum spp.: KOMPONEN KIMIA MINYAK ATSIRI KEMANGI DAN RUKU-RUKU Sulianti, Sri Budi
BERITA BIOLOGI Vol 9, No 3 (2008)
Publisher : Research Center for Biology-Indonesian Institute of Sciences

Isolation of essential oils of two species of Ocimum (kemangi and ruku-ruku) were done by hydrodistilation. The chemical composition of those essential oils were analysed by GC-MS. Totaly 38 chemical components of kemangi essential oil were identified, and six of them are the major chemical constituents, ie. ethyl hexadecanoic acid (17.72 %), ethyl octadecanoic acid (14.83 %), ethyl 9-octadecenoic acid (10.62 %), methyl eugenol (4.88 %), Z-citral (7.02 %) and geranial (7.86 %), On the other hand, the essential oil of ruku-ruku contain 31 components with the main five major chemical components, i.e. ethyl hexadecanoic acid (19.33 %), ethyl octadecanoic acid (15.39 %), ethyl 9-octadecenoic acid (11.30 %), methyl eugenol (8.69%) and zerumbona (4.76 %).

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