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Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 19783728     EISSN : 24429740     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry
The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) (e-ISSN:2442-9740; p-ISSN:1978-3728) is published by the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Its diciplinary focus is dental science and dental hygiene. The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) is published in English on a quarterly basis with each 50-60 page edition containing between nine and eleven scientific articles on research, study literature and case studies. Contributors to the Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) included: dental researchers, dental practitioners, lecturers, and students drawn from Indonesia and a wide range of other countries.
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Articles 964 Documents
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Antitumor activity of antisense oligonucleotide p45Skp2 in soft palate carcinoma cell squamous in vitro Supriatno Supriatno; Sartari Entin Yuletnawati; Iwa Sutardjo Rus Sudarso
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 46 No. 1 (2013): March 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (226.948 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v46.i1.p18-22

Abstract

Background: Human soft palate cancers are characterized by a high degree of local invasion and metastasis to the regional lymph nodes. Treatment options for this cancer are limited. However, a new strategy for refractory cancer, gene therapy is watched with keen interest. p45Skp2 gene as a tumor promoter gene is one of target of the oral cancer therapy. To inhibit the activity of p45Skp2 gene is carried-out the genetic engineering via antisense technique. Purpose: To examine the antitumor activity of p45Skp2 antisense (p45Skp2 AS) gene therapy in human soft palate [Hamakawa-Inoue (HI)] cancer cells. Methods: Pure laboratory experimental study with post test only control group design was conducted as a research design. To investigate the apoptosis induction of p45Skp2 AStransfected cell was evaluated by colorimetric caspase-3 assay and Flow cytometry. Furthermore, to detect the suppression of in vitro HI cell invasion and cell growth of p45Skp2 AS-treatment cell was examined by Boyden chamber kit and MTT assay, respectively. Results: The cell number of p45Skp2 AS-treated HI cell was significant decreased when compared with that of p45Skp2 sense (p45Skp2 S) cells (p<0.05). p45Skp2 AS-treated cell induced apoptosis characterized by an increase in the early and late apoptosis, and activation of caspase-3 (p<0.05). Therefore, suppression of HI cell invasion and cell growth were markedly increased by p45Skp2 AS treatment (p<0.05). Conclusion: Antisense oligonucleotide p45Skp2 has a high antitumor activity in human soft palate cancer cell, targeting this molecule could represent a promising new therapeutics approach for this type of cancer.Latar belakang: Kanker palatum lunak mempunyai karakteristik invasi dan metastasis ke limfonodi regional yang tinggi. Pilihan perawatan kanker tersebut masih sangat terbatas. Walaupun demikian, strategi baru untuk penanganan kanker yaitu terapi gen menjadi pilihan utama. Gen p45Skp2 sebagai gen pemacu tumor merupakan salah satu target terapi kanker oral. Untuk menghambat aktivitas gen p45Skp2 tersebut dilakukan rekayasa genetik melalui teknik antisense. Tujuan: Menguji aktivitas antitumor gen p45Skp2 antisense (p45Skp2 AS) terhadap sel kanker palatum lunak (sel HI). Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksperimen laboratorik murni dengan rancangan posttest only control group design. Induksi apoptosis sel yang ditransfeksi p45Skp2 AS dievaluasi menggunakan uji caspase-3 kolorimetrik dan flow cytometry. Untuk mendeteksi hambatan invasi dan pertumbuhan sel HI yang ditransfeksi p45Skp2 AS dilakukan uji Boyden chamber dan uji MTT. Hasil: Pertumbuhan sel HI yang ditransfeksi p45Skp2 AS menurun secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan p45Skp2 Sense (S) (p<0,05). Sel HI transfeksi p45Skp2 AS menginduksi apoptosis dengan meningkatkan aktivitas proteolitik caspase-3 dan early and late apoptosis (p<0,05). Hambatan invasi dan pertumbuhan sel HI secara signifikan meningkat pada sel yang diperlakukan dengan p45Skp2 AS (p<0,05). Kesimpulan: p45Skp2 AS oligonukleotida mempunyai aktivitas antitumor yang kuat pada sel kanker palatum lunak. Target dari molekul tersebut dapat menjanjikan suatu terapeutik baru untuk jenis kanker palatum tersebut.
Noma management in a child with systemic lupus erythematosus Irna Sufiawati; Asri Arum Sari; Budi Setiabudiawan; Rahmat Gunadi
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 43 No. 1 (2010): March 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (476.055 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v43.i1.p6-10

Abstract

Background: Noma, also known as cancrum oris, is an orofacial gangrene, which during its fulminating stage causes progressive and mutilating destruction of the infected tissues. The disease occurs mainly in children with malnutrition, poor oral hygiene and debilitating concurrent illness. Purpose: The aim of this paper was to report a unique case of noma associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in an 8-year-old boy. Case: An 8-year-old boy referred to Oral Medicine Department complaining about an ulcer at the left corner of his mouth for 1 month, painful and difficulty in opening the mouth. The patient was diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus since 14 months before and had been given immunosuppressive therapy. The patient was also diagnosed severe malnutrition. Haematologic investigations revealed anemia. Case management: Panoramic radiography was performed to check for dental or periodontal foci of infection, but no abnormalities were present. The microbiology examination revelaed Fusobacterium necrophorum, Staphylococcus aureus, and Klabsiella. The patient has been treated with oral irrigation using hydrogen peroxide, saline and 0.2% chlorhexidine, thus helped to slough the necrotic tissue. Oral antibiotics and analgesics were prescribed. The patient was admitted to hospital under the care of a pediatrician, allergy and immunology specialist, and a nutritionist. The result of the comprehensive disease management showed that the lesion healed completely, but leaving a scar on his corner of the mouth. Its physical effects are permanent and may require reconstructive surgery to be repaired by oral surgeon. Conclusion: Noma is not a primary disease, there are various predisposing factors usually precede its occurrence. The management of noma requires a multidisciplinary approach.Latar Belakang: Noma, dikenal sebagai cancrum oris, adalah gangren pada daerah orofasial, yang menyebabkan kerusakan progresif dari jaringan yang terinfeksi. Penyakit ini terjadi terutama pada anak dengan gizi buruk, kesehatan mulut yang buruk dan penyakit yang melemahkan. Tujuan: Makalah ini bertujuan untuk melaporkan sebuah kasus noma yang unikpada seorang anak laki-laki berusia 8 tahun yang menderita lupus eritematosus sistemik. Kasus: Seorang anak laki-laki 8 tahun dirujuk ke Bagian Ilmu Penyakit Mulut, mengeluh adanya luka di sudut mulut sebelah kiri yang telah diderita selama 1 bulan, terasa sangat sakit dan sulit membuka mulut. Pasien didiagnosis lupus eritematosus sistemik sejak 14 bulan sebelumnya dan telah diberikan terapi imunosupresif. Pasien juga didiagnosis menderita malnutrisi yang berat. Pemeriksaan hematologi menunjukkan pasien menderita anemia. Tatalaksana kasus: Radiografipanoramik dilakukan untuk memeriksa fokus infeksi dental atau periodontal, tetapi tidak ditemukan adanya kelainan. Pada pemeriksaan mikrobiologi ditemukan adanya Fusobacterium necrophorum, Staphylococcus aureus, dan Klabsiella. Perawatan pada pasien meliputi irigasi pada daerah gangren dengan hidrogen peroksida, larutan salin dan klorheksidin 0,2% untuk membersihkan jaringan nekrotik. Pasien juga diberikan antibiotik dan analgesik. Pasien dirawat di rumah sakit di bawah perawatan dokter spesialis anak, dokter spesialis alergi imunologi, dan ahli gizi. Hasil penatalaksanaan penyakit secara komprehensif memperlihatkan adanya penyembuhan, tetapi meninggalkan jaringan parut pada sudut mulutnya. Kelainan fisik tersebut bersifat permanen dan memerlukan pembedahan rekonstruktifoleh dokter gigi spesialis bedah mulut. Kesimpulan: Noma bukanlah penyakit primer, terdapat berbagai faktor predisposisi yang biasanya mendahului terjadinya penyakit tersebut. Pengelolaan noma memerlukan pendekatan multidisiplin.
The increasing of fibroblast growth factor 2, osteocalcin, and osteoblast due to the induction of the combination of Aloe vera and 2% xenograft concelous bovine Utari Kresnoadi
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 45 No. 4 (2012): December 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1385.511 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v45.i4.p228-233

Abstract

Background: To make a successfull denture prominent ridge is needed, preservation on tooth extraction socket is needed in order to prevent alveol bone resorption caused by revocation trauma. An innovative modification of the material empirically suspected to be able reduce inflammation caused by the revocation trauma is a combination of Aloe vera and xenograft concelous bovine (XCB) and Aloe vera is a biogenic stimulator and accelerating the growth of alveolar ridge bone after tooth extraction. Purpose: The research was aimed to determine of the increasing alveol bone formation by inducing the combination of Aloe vera and 2% xenograft concelous bovine. Methods: To address the problems, the combination of Aloe vera and xenograft concelous bovine was induced into the tooth extraction sockets of Cavia cabayas which devided on 8 groups. Groups control, filled with XCB, Aloe vera and Aloe vera and XCB combination, at 7 days and 30 days after extraction. Afterwards, immunohistochemical examination was conducted to examine the expressions of FGF-2 and osteocalcin, as the product of the growth of osteoblasts. Results: There were significantly increases expression of FGF-2 and osteocalcyn on group which filled with XCB, Aloe vera and combined Aloe vera and XCB. Conclusion: It may be concluded that the induction of the combination of Aloe vera and xenograft concelous bovine into the tooth sockets can enhance the growth expressions of FGF-2 and osteocalcin as the product of osteoblasts, thus, the growth of alveolar bone was increased.Latar belakang: Untuk keberhasilan pembuatan gigitiruan diperlukan ridge yang prominent, maka diperlukan suatu preservasi soket pencabutan gigi untuk mencegah terjadinya resopsi tulang alveolar akibat trauma pencabutan. Suatu inovasi modifikasi bahan yang diduga secara empiris dapat mengurangi keradangan karena trauma pencabutan adalah berupa kombinasi Aloe vera dan xenograft concelous bovine (XCB). Aloe vera yang merupakan biogenik stimulator untuk merangsang dan mempercepat pertumbuhan tulang alveolar setelah pencabutan gigi. Tujuan: untuk membuktikan bahwa induksi kombinasi Aloe vera dan xenograft concelous bovine 2% pada soket pencabutan gigi, dapat meningkatkan pembentukan tulang alveolar. Metode: Pengisian kombinasi Aloe vera dan XCB pada soket pencabutan gigi Cavia cabaya yang dibagi dalam 8 kelompok. Kelompok: kontrol, Aloe vera, XCB, kombinasi Aloe vera dan XCB, masing-masing dalam pemeriksaan 7 dan 30 hari. Kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan imunohistokimia ekspresi FGF-2 dan osteocalcyn sebagai produk pertumbuhan sel osteoblas. Hasil: Terdapat peningkatan ekspresi FGF-2 dan osteocalcyn pada kelompok yang diisi XCB, Aloe vera dan kombinasi Aloe vera + XCB dibanding dengan kelompok kontrol. Kesimpulan: Induksi kombinasi Aloe vera dan xenograft concelous bovine 2% pada soket pencabutan gigi dapat, meningkatkan ekspresi FGF-2 dan osteocalcyn, sehingga dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan tulang alveol.
The relation between salivary sIgA level and caries incidence in Down syndrome children Rosdiana Rosdiana; Mochammad Fahlevi Rizal
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 45 No. 2 (2012): June 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (293.658 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v45.i2.p79-83

Abstract

Background: Down syndrome or Trisomy 21 is a genetic disorder caused by extra chromosome on chromosome 21. Down syndrome child, however, has good resistance against caries, and some of them even are caries-free. It is because the level of salivary sIgA in Down syndrome children is equal or even higher than that in normal children. Purpose: This review was aimed to review the relation between salivary sIgA level and caries incidence in Down syndrome children. Reviews: Down syndrome is a collection of symptoms caused by chromosomal abnormality that has a number of physical and mental disorders. Down syndrome children, nevertheless, have significantly lower incidence of caries than normal children. These conditions are thought to relate to characteristics of oral cavity and the level of salivary sIgA in Down syndrome children. Caries is a disease of dental hard tissues caused by the fermentation of sucrose into glucans by glucosyltransferase enzymes (GTF) of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). One of proteins in saliva that acts as a defense mechanism is imunoglubulin. Secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA) inhibits the activity of S. mutans as bacteria causing caries forming glucan. This immunoglobulin, sIgA, is the most abundant immunoglobulin in saliva. The level of salivary sIgA in Down syndrome children is significantly higher than that in normal children. Conclusion: Besides factors of tooth eruption delays, wide spaces among teeth, microdontia, pH, and high saliva contents (calcium, sodium, bicarbonate), the low incidence of caries in Down syndrome children is also related with the higher level of salivary sIgA in Down syndrome children than that in normal children.Latar belakang: Sindroma Down atau Trisomi 21 merupakan kelainan genetik yaitu adanya kromosom ekstra pada kromosom 21. Anak sindroma Down memiliki resistensi yang baik terhadap karies dan sebagian dari mereka bebas karies. Kadar sIgA saliva anak sindroma Down sama atau bahkan lebih tingi dari anak normal. Tujuan: Tujuan dari tulisan ini adalah mencari hubungan antara kadar sIgA di dalam saliva dengan kejadian karies pada anak sindroma Down. Tinjauan pustaka: Sindroma Down adalah suatu kumpulan gejala akibat abnormalitas kromosom yang memiliki sejumlah kelainan fisik dan mental. Anak sindroma Down secara signifikan memiliki prevalensi karies yang lebih rendah jika dibandingkan anak normal. Kondisi ini diduga berhubungan dengan karakteristik rongga mulut dan kadar sIgA saliva anak sindroma Down. Karies merupakan penyakit jaringan keras gigi yang disebabkan oleh fermentasi sukrosa menjadi glukan oleh enzim glucosyltransferase (GTF) dari Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). Salah satu protein di dalam saliva yang berperan sebagai mekanisme pertahanan adalah imunoglubulin. Imunoglobulin A sekretori (sIgA) berperan menghambat aktivitas S. mutans sebagai kuman penyebab karies membentuk glukan. sIgA adalah imunoglobulin yang paling banyak terdapat pada saliva. Kadar sIgA saliva sindroma Down signifikan lebih tinggi dibandingkan anak normal. Kesimpulan: Rendahnya insiden karies anak sindroma Down berhubungan dengan kadar sIgA di dalam saliva anak sindroma Down yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan anak normal selain faktor keterlambatan erupsi gigi geligi, ruang antar gigi yang lebar, mikrodonsi, pH dan kandungan saliva (kalsium, sodium, bikarbonat) yang tinggi.
Penambahan xylitol dalam glukosa, sukrosa terhadap pertumbuhan Streptococcus mutans (in vitro) (The Additional xylitol in glucose and sucrose on growth of Mutans Streptococci (in vitro)) Susilowati Susilowati; Udijanto Tedjosasongko; FX Suhariadji
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 47 No. 4 (2014): December 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (378.077 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v47.i4.p181-185

Abstract

Background: Xylitol is a sugar alcohol group consisting of five-carbon chain and the sugar substitutes are recommended to prevent caries. Dietary sugars known as a good substrate for the growth of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). Two types of sugar, xylitol and dietary sugars have different effects on the growth of S.mutans. Purpose: The objective of this study were to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of xylitol on the growth of S.mutans and to determine the addition of xylitol in glucose and sucrose in the growth of S. mutans in vitro. Methods: The samples were divided into 3 groups: xylitol group, xylitol and sucrose combination group, and xylitol and glucose combination group . In all groups were tested against S.mutans growth in various concentrations. Results: The minimum inhibitory concentration against S.mutans xylitol was equal to 0.625%. The addition of xylitol in sucrose the inhibition of S.mutans growth occurred at concentrations of 0.625 % and 2.5%. The addition of xylitol in glucose inhibited the growth of S.mutans at all concentrations. Conclusion: This study showed that the combination of xylitol with dietary sugars could inhibit the growth of S.mutans.Latar belakang: Xylitol adalah golongan gula alkohol yang terdiri dari lima rantai karbon dan merupakan sugar substitutes yang dianjurkan untuk mencegah terjadinya karies. Dietary sugars diketahui sebagai substrat yang baik untuk pertumbuhan bakteri rongga mulut salah satunya Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans). Dua jenis gula yaitu xylitol dan dietary sugars memiliki pengaruh yang berbeda pada pertumbuhan S. mutans. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah meneliti konsentrasi hambat minimal (Minimal Inhibitory Concentration/ MIC) xylitol terhadap pertumbuhan S mutans dan meneliti pengaruh penambahan xylitol dalam glukosa dan dalam sukrosa terhadap pertumbuhan S. mutans secara in vitro. Metode: Sampel dibagi dalam 3 kelompok: kelompok xylitol, kelompok kombinasi xylitol dan sukrosa, dan kelompok kombinasi xylitol dan glukosa. Pada ketiga kelompok tersebut dilakukan pengujian terhadap pertumbuhan S.mutans dalam berbagai konsentrasi. Hasil: Konsentrasi hambat minimum xylitol terhadap S. mutans adalah sebesar 0,625%. Pada penambahan xylitol dalam sukrosa terjadi penghambatan S. mutans pada konsentrasi 0,625% dan 2,5%. Pada penambahan xylitol dalam glukosa terjadi penghambatan S. mutans pada semua konsentrasi. Simpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi xylitol dengan glukosa dan dengan sukrosa dapat menghambat pertumbuhan S.mutans.
Perbandingan sitotoksisitas tiga jenis algyrogel terhadap sel fibroblas (Citotoxicity comparation of three types of algyrogel on fibroblast cells) Stefany Elan Saktiyawardani; Hardono Jaya Lauson; Anugerah Pekerti Astamurtiningrum; Mahadna Aulia Rahmah; Pramana Pananja Putra; Juni Handajani
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 47 No. 3 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (482.049 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v47.i3.p130-134

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of osteoporosis and bone defects in the world and Indonesia increase each year. Algyrogel is a alginate-based hydrogel material recently very popular used as a bone substitute through injectable bone substitute (IBs) method. One of advantages algyrogel is biocompatibility to the body tissues. some natural-based polymer (alginate, chitosan, dan hyaluronat) have different biocompatibility. Purpose: The study was aimed to determine the cytotoxicity of three types algyrogel against fibroblast cells. Methods: This study used three types algyrogel, there were algyrogel containing alginate (Alg), a mixture of alginate with chitosan (Alg/Ch), and a mixture of alginate with hyaluronic acid (Alg/Ha). Each type algyrogel was exposed in the Vero cell line of fibroblast with volume 2 μL; 4 μL; 6 μL; 8 μL; 10 μL; 12 μL; 14 μL; 16 μL; 18 μL; and 20 μL respectively. The cytotoxicity performed by MTT method to determine the percentage of cell death. The optical density was measured by an ELIsA plate reader then data was analyzed using ANOVA and probit. Results: The percentage of cell death in all groups of algyrogel have below 30%. LC50 value at Alg was 651.017 mg/mL (21.56%), Alg/Ch was 280.478 mg/mL (20.91%), and Alg/Ha was 1054.094 mg/ mL (17.2%). Conclusion: Alg/Ha has the lowest cytotoxicity on fibroblast cells and may have potential as an osteoconductor-synthetic bone product.Latar belakang: Prevalensi osteoporosis dan cacat tulang di Indonesia maupun dunia semakin meningkat tiap tahunnya. Algyrogel sebagai bahan hidrogel yang berbasis alginat akhir-akhir ini sangat popular digunakan sebagai bahan pengganti tulang melalui metode Injectable Bone substitute. Kelebihan algyrogel antara lain biokompatibel terhadap jaringan tubuh. Beberapa hidrogel berbasis polimer alami (alginat, chitosan, dan hyaluronat) memiliki perbedaan biokompatibilitas. Tujuan: studi ini bertujuan meneliti sitotoksisitas tiga jenis algyrogel terhadap sel fibroblas. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan 3 jenis algyrogel yaitu algyrogel dengan kandungan alginat (Alg), campuran alginat dengan chitosan (Alg/Ch), dan campuran alginat dengan asam hyaluronat (Alg/Ha). setiap jenis algyrogel dipaparkan pada sel fibroblas jenis Vero cell line dengan volume 2 μL; 4 μL; 6 μL; 8 μL; 10 μL; 12 μL; 14 μL; 16 μL; 18 μL; dan 20 μL. Pengujian sitotoksisitas dilakukan dengan metode MTT untuk mengetahui persentase kematian sel. Penghitungan optical density menggunakan ELIsA plate reader lalu data diuji Anova dan probit. Hasil: Persentase kematian sel pada semua jenis algyrogel memiliki angka dibawah 30%. Nilai LC50 pada Alg sebesar 651,017 μg/μL (21,56%), Alg/Ch sebesar 280,478 μg/μL (20.91%), dan "> Alg/Ha sebesar 1054,094 μg/μL (17,2%). Simpulan: Alg/Ha memiliki sitotoksisitas paling rendah pada sel fibroblas sehingga memiliki potensi sebagai produk osteokonduktor sintesis tulang.
The difference of dental anxiety in children based on frequency of dental appointment Mia Giri Astri; Eka Chemiawan; Eriska Rriyanti
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 44 No. 4 (2011): December 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (220.602 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v44.i4.p205-209

Abstract

Background: Problem of children’s anxiety during dental procedures is a common phenomenon. This is called dental anxiety. The anxiety children patien need to be paid a special attention, because it will affect the success of dental treatment. Purpose: The purpose of this research was to find out the difference of dental anxiety degree in children aged 8 to 12 years old based on the frequency of dental visits in dental community health centre Bandung. Methods: The method of this research was analytical descriptive. The samples collected by using purposive sampling and the amount of sample was taken by consecutive sampling, and analysed by the U Mann-Whitney test. Results: The result of this research was from 76 correspondence there was 12 children feel anxious and 64 children did not feel anxious. Asymp.Sig is less than 0.05 in children having frequent and rarely frequency of dental appointment and Asymp. Sig is more than 0.05 in children having frequent and normal frequency of dental appointment also in children having normal and rarely frequency of dental appointment. Conclusion: In conclusion, the frequency of dental visits showed the difference of children’s dental anxiety.Latar belakang: Masalah kecemasan anak saat dilakukan perawatan gigi merupakan fenomena yang sering terjadi. Kecemasan  pada saat dilakukan perawatan gigi disebut juga dental anxiety. Kecemasan pada penderita anak-anak perlu perhatian khusus karena akan memengaruhi keberhasilan perawatan gigi. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui perbedaan derajat dental anxiety anak usia 8–12 tahun berdasarkan frekuensi kunjungan ke dokter gigi di Balai Pengobatan Gigi Kota Bandung. Metode: Jenis penelitian adalah deskriptif analitik. Naracoba diambil dengan metode purposive sampling dan jumlah naracoba ditentukan melalui consecutive sampling, kemudian diuji dengan U Mann-Whitney. Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini adalah dari 76 naracoba terdapat 12 anak yang merasa cemas dan 64 anak merasa tidak cemas. Asymp.Sig kurang dari 0,05 untuk perbandingan antara anak dengan frekuensi sering dan jarang berkunjung ke dokter gigi serta Asymp.Sig lebih dari 0,05 untuk perbandingan anak dengan frekuensi normal dan sering ke dokter gigi juga untuk anak dengan frekuensi normal dan jarang ke dokter gigi. Kesimpulan: Disimpulkan bahwa jumlah kunjungan ke dokter gigi memberikan perbedaan pada dental anxiety anak.
Koreksi gigitan terbalik posterior dan anterior dengan alat cekat rapid maxillary expansion dan elastik intermaksila Retno Dewati; Teguh Budi Wibowo; Masyithah Masyithah
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 47 No. 2 (2014): June 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (591.263 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v47.i2.p98-102

Abstract

Background: Children with anterior and posterior crossbite usually have a complaint in aesthetic and masticatory function. It could caused by bad habits and hereditary factors which made worse condition. Purpose: The purpose of this case report was to report the use of orthodontic appliance rapid maxillary expansion (RPE) and intermaxillary elastic to correct posterior and anterior crossbite in teenage patient. Case: A fourteen years-old teenage female patient came to Dental Hospital Dentistry Universitas Airlangga with case of anterior posterior cross bite and unerupted permanent teeth. Case management: The case was treated using orthodontic fixed appliance rapid maxillary expansion (RPE) and followed by intermaxillary elastics. The posterior cross bite treatment took 4 weeks used of orthodontic fixed appliance RPE, while, treatment of anterior cross bite which used intermaxillary elactic was done within three month to achieved normal occlusion. Conclusion: This case report showed that the orthodontic appliance rapid maxillary expansion (RPE) and intermaxillary elastic could be used to correct posterior and anterior crossbite.Latar belakang: Anak dengan gigitan terbalik anterior dan posterior pada umumnya mempunyai keluhan dalam hal estetik dan fungsi pengunyahan. Kondisi gigitan terbalik biasanya disebabkan oleh adanya kebiasaan buruk dan faktor keturunan yang semakin memperparah keadaan tersebut. Tujuan: Laporan kasus ini melaporkan pemakaian alat cekat rapid maxillary expansion (RPE) dan elastik intermaksila untuk mengkoreksi gigitan terbalik posterior dan anterior pada anak remaja. Kasus: Pasien remaja perempuan berusia 14 tahun datang ke Rumah Sakit Gigi dan Mulut Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas Airlangga Surabaya dengan kasus gigitan terbalik anterior posterior dan terdapat gigi permanen yang tidak tumbuh. Tatalaksana kasus: Perawatan yang dilakukan adalah koreksi gigitan terbalik dengan menggunakan alat ortodonsia cekat rapid maxillary expansion (RPE) dan dilanjutkan dengan pemasangan elastik intermaksila. Perawatan koreksi gigitan terbalik posterior memerlukan waktu 4 minggu menggunakan alat ortodonti cekat RPE, sedangkan koreksi gigitan terbalik anterior dilakukan dalam 3 bulan untuk mencapai oklusi normal. Simpulan: Laporan kasus ini menunjukkan bahwa pemakaian alat cekat rapid maxillary expansion (RPE) dan elastik intermaksila dapat mengkoreksi gigitan terbalik posterior dan anterior.
Endothelial cell cultured on HA/TCP/chitosan scaffold for bone tissue engineering Bachtiar EW; Amir LR; Abbas B; Utami S
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 44 No. 2 (2011): June 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (469.41 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v44.i2.p67-71

Abstract

Background: Angiogenesis is crucial for the success of bone reconstruction through tissue engineering. Currently, is still not known the activity of endothelial cells that is responsible for blood vessel formation, cultured in HA/TCP/chitosan scaffold. The ability of the scaffold to facilitate the proliferation and migration of endothelial cell to form blood vessel is essential for cell survival especially in the inner area of the scaffold that is susceptible for cell death if adequate vascularization is not occurred. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the porosity of HA/TCP/chitosan scaffold and the biocompatibility of HA/TCP/chitosan scaffold to endothelial cells. Methods: Endothelial cells were isolated from umbilical vein (human umbilical vein endothelial cells/ HUVEC). HA/ TCP/chitosan scaffold was made from two gelling agents and various basic washing solutions. The characteristic of scaffold was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The activity of HUVEC was evaluated by MTT assay. Results: Initial average scaffold porosity size range from 68 μm and increased up to 134 μm after 7 days incubation with 10 mg/L lysozyme. There was no significant difference in the viability of HUVEC incubated with the scaffold compared to control. Conclusion: HA/TCP/chitosan has a good biocompatibility for HUVEC. This condition supports the activity of HUVEC in the scaffold for angiogenesis process, to provide oxygen and nutrient necessary for osteoblast.Latar belakang: Angiogenesis merupakan proses yang penting untuk keberhasilan rekonstruksi tulang melalui rekayasa jaringan. Saat ini, aktifitas sel endotel pembentuk dinding pembuluh darah pada HA/TCP/chitosan scaffold belum diketahui. Kemampuan scaffold sebagai tempat proliferasi dan migrasi sel endotel untuk membentuk pembuluh darah penting untuk kelangsungan hidup sel osteoblast terutama di bagian dalam scaffold. Tujuan: Mengevaluasi porositas HA/TCP/chitosan scaffold serta sifat biokompatibilitas scaffold terhadap sel endotel. Metode: Sel endotel diisolasi dari vena tali pusat (human umbilical vein endothelial cells/HUVEC). HA/TCP/ chitosan scaffold dibuat dengan variasi gelling agents dan dicuci dengan berbagai larutan basa. Karakter scaffold dievaluasi dengan scanning electron microscope. Aktifitas HUVEC dievaluasi dengan MTT assay. Hasil: Pada tahap awal, rata-rata ukuran porus 68 μm dan meningkat menjadi 134 μm setelah inkubasi dengan 10 mg/mL lysosyme selama 7 hari. Kultur HUVEC pada scaffold selama 24 jam tidak menunjukkan tingkat viabilitas yang berbeda dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Kesimpulan: HA/TCP/chitosan memiliki sifat biokompatibilitas yang baik terhadap sel HUVEC. Kondisi ini memberikan dukungan terhadap aktifitas sel HUVEC pada scaffold untuk proses angiogenesis yang akan memberikan oksigen dan nutrisi untuk osteoblas.
Ekspresi COX-2 setelah pemberian ekstrak etanolik kulit manggis (Garcinia mangostana Linn) pada tikus wistar (COX-2 expression after mangosteen rind (Garcinia mangostana Linn) etanolic extract administration in wistar rats) Rendra Chriestedy Prasetya; Tetiana Haniastuti; Nunuk Purwanti
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 46 No. 4 (2013): December 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (945.377 KB) | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v46.i4.p173-178

Abstract

Background: Cyclooxygenase is an enzyme for prostaglandins (PGs) synthesis from arachidonic acid. Cyclooxygenase have been characterized and named as COX-1 and COX-2. COX-1 is responsible for constitutive PGs production under physiological condition and maintains normal function. On the other hand, while COX-2 expression is inducible by cytokines and endotoxin. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by anaerobic bacteria especially gram negative bacteria. The periodontitis occurrence is followed by increased of COX-2 expression. Mangosteen rind (Garcinia mangostana Linn) contains gamma mangostin which inhibits the synthesis of PGE2 through inhibition of COX-2 expression. Purpose: This research was aimed to study COX-2 expression in experimental-induced periodontitis in wistar rats after mangosteen rind etanolic extract administration. Methods: Forty eight male wistar rats were induced periodontitis by putting silk ligature subgingivally around the cervical of the anterior lower teeth for 7 days. After the ligation was taken out, the rats were divided into 4 groups, and treated orally with mangosteen rind extract 60 mg/kg BB, 30 mg/kg BB, ibuprofen and saline respectively. The rats were sacrificed on the 1st, 3rd, 4th, 7th day after the treatment. The rats’ anterior lower jaws were processed for paraffin embedded tissue, cut serially and stained with immunohistochemistry. COX-2 expression were observed and counted under the microscope (400x). The data were analyzed using kruskall wallis test. Results: Kruskal wallis test showed a significant difference COX-2 expression among group indicating that mangosteen rind etanolic extract affected COX-2 expression. Conclusion: Mangosteen rind etanolic extract reduced COX-2 expression in periodontitis rats.Latar belakang: Siklooksigenase adalah enzim yang mensintesis prostaglandin (PG) dari asam arakhidonat. Siklooksigenase dibagi menjadi 2 yaitu COX-1 dan COX-2. COX-1 bertanggung jawab pada sintesis PG dalam kondisi fisiologis dan mempertahankan fungsi normal, sedangkan ekspresi COX-2 dapat terinduksi oleh sitokin dan endotoksin. Periodontitis adalah penyakit peradangan kronis yang disebabkan oleh bakteri anaerob terutama bakteri gram negatif. Terjadinya periodontitis diikuti oleh peningkatan ekspresi COX-2. Kulit buah manggis (Garcinia mangostana Linn) mengandung mangostin gamma yang menghambat sintesis PGE2 melalui penghambatan COX-2. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti ekspresi COX-2 pada tikus wistar jantan yang diinduksi periodontitis setelah pemberian ekstrak etanolik kulit manggis. Metode: Empat puluh delapan ekor tikus wistar jantan diinduksi periodontitis dengan meletakkan ligatur sutra pada subgingiva sevikal gigi anterior rahang bawah selama 7 hari. Setelah ligatur dilepas, tikus dibagi dalam 4 kelompok yaitu ekstrak kulit manggis dosis 60 mg/kg BB, 30 mg/kg BB, ibuprofen dan saline dengan pemberian secara peroral. Tikus didekapitasi pada hari ke-1,3, 5 dan 7 setelah perlakuan. Rahang bawah gigi depan dilakukan pemrosesan menjadi blok paraffin, dipotong serial dan dilakukan pewarnaan imunohistokimia. Ekspresi COX-2 diamati di bawah mikroskop dengan perbesaran 400x. Data pengamatan dianalisa dengan uji kruskall wallis. Hasil: Uji kruskall wallis menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna ekspresi COX-2 diantara kelompok perlakuan yang mengindikasikan bahwa ekstrak kulit manggis mempengaruhi ekspresi COX-2. Simpulan: Ektrak etanolik kulit manggis menurunkan ekspresi COX-2 pada tikus dengan periodontitis.

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