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Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)

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Published by Universitas Airlangga

ISSN : 19783728 EISSN : 24429740 DOI : -

Core Subject : Health,

Dentistry

The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) (e-ISSN:2442-9740; p-ISSN:1978-3728) is published by the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Its diciplinary focus is dental science and dental hygiene. The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) is published in English on a quarterly basis with each 50-60 page edition containing between nine and eleven scientific articles on research, study literature and case studies. Contributors to the Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) included: dental researchers, dental practitioners, lecturers, and students drawn from Indonesia and a wide range of other countries.

Arjuna Subject : -

Articles 950 Documents

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Usia saat inisial akuisisi Streptococcus mutans dan jumlah erupsi gigi sulung pada anak (Initial acquisition age of Mutans Streptococci and number of erupted primary teeth in children) Citra Adinda; Udijanto Tedjosasongko; Teguh Budi Wibowo
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 47 No. 4 (2014): December 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Mutan Streptococci (MS) are considered as major bacteria in human dental caries. Previous experiments reported that MS needs permanent surface to make stable colonization in human oral mouth. Transmission of MS occured directly or indirectly by salivary contact. The younger the child acquired MS the higher dental caries risk of the child. Purpose: The purposes of this study was to determine the age and number of primary teeth erupted during MS initial acquisition in children. Methods: The subjects were 30 infants aged 5 months old of Simomulyo region, Surabaya, East Java, Indonesia. Monthly plaque samples were taken using sterile cotton bud and oral examination were done to check number of primary teeth for 6 months period. The MS isolate were isolated using BHI broth and TYC respectively. The MS identification was done by gram staining and colony morphology. Number of erupted primary teeth was determined by counting the erupted teeth in each month. Results: As the result 83% children acquired MS and 17% children remain free from MS. The mean age of initial acquisition was 7,76±0,96 months and the average number of erupted teeth was two teeth. Conclusion: The study revealed that the mean age of MS initial acquisition in children was 7,76±0,96 month and the colonization of MS was found in children with average 2 primary teeth erupted.Latar belakang: Streptococcus Mutans (SM) merupakan bakteri utama penyebab karies gigi. Percobaan sebelumnya melaporkan bahwa SM membutuhkan permukaan permanen untuk membuat kolonisasi stabil di rongga mulut. Penularan SM terjadi secara langsung atau tidak langsung melalui kontak saliva. Semakin muda anak mengakuisisi SM semakin tinggi resiko terjadinya karies pada anak tersebut. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan meneliti umur dan jumlah rata-rata gigi erupsi pada masa inisial akuisisi SM pada anak Metode: Subyek penelitian ini adalah 30 bayi berusia 5 bulan di wilayah Simomulyo, Surabaya, Jawa Timur, Indonesia. Sampel plak diambil setiap bulan dengan cotton bud steril. Dilakukan pula pemeriksaan rongga mulut untuk memeriksa jumlah gigi sulung yang erupsi selama 6 periode 6 bulan. SM diisolasi menggunakan BHI broth dan TYC. Identifikasi SM dilakukan dengan pewarnaan gram dan pemeriksaan morfologi koloni. Jumlah gigi erupsi ditentukan dari penghitungan jumlah gigi sulung yang erupsi setiap bulannya. Hasil: Delapan puluh tiga persen anak-anak positif didapatkan SM dan 17% anak-anak tetap bebas dari SM. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa SM rata-rata usia awal akuisisi anak adalah 7,76 ± 0,96 bulan dan jumlah rata-rata gigi erupsi adalah 2 gigi. Simpulan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa usia rata-rata inisial akuisisi SM pada anak-anak adalah 7,76±0,96 bulan dan kolonisasi SM ditemukan pada anak-anak dengan rata-rata 2 gigi sulung telah erupsi.

Effectiveness of bleaching agent on composite resin discoloration Galih Sampoerno
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 45 No. 1 (2012): March 2012
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: The discoloration of teeth, especially anterior teeth, is one of aesthetic problems. The use of tooth bleaching agents for discolored natural teeth is becoming increasingly popular. Many dentists, however, get many problems when they conduct bleaching process since there is much composite filling on patient’s anterior teeth. Although many research have focused on the discoloration of composite resin after bleaching process, the problem still becomes debatable. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of the discoloration between hybrid composite and nano composite before and after the application of tooth bleaching agent, 38% hydrogen peroxide. Methods: Eighteen disk-shaped specimens (5 mm) of each of two composite resins, hybrid and nano filler, were prepared. The each group was treated 3 times and the specimens were divided into two groups consisted of 9 specimens for each, and then immersed in black tea solutions for 72 hours. Next, after having staining and bleaching processes, the color of the specimens was measured with a optic spectrophotometer by using photo with type BPY-47 and digital microvolt. The differences of the light intensity among three measurements were then calculated. Afterwards, GLM MANOVA Repeated Measure and parametric analysis (Independent t-test and Paired t-test) were then used to analyze the data. Results: After staining process, it is then known that the nano composite had more discoloration and more affected by the black tea solution than the hybrid one. Conclusion: After bleaching, the discoloration was finally removed completely from both hybride and nano filler composite resins and became brighter from the baseline color.Latar belakang: Salah satu problem estetik adalah adanya perubahan warna pada gigi anterior. Peningkatan pemakaian bahan bleaching semakin popular. Banyak dokter gigi mempunyai problem ketika mereka akan melakukan proses bleaching dan ditemukan banyak tumpatan komposit pada gigi anteriornya. Meskipun telah banyak penelitiahan yang dilakukan tetapi masalah ini masih menjadi pro dan kontra. Tujuan: Melihat perbedaan perubahan warna antara komposit hybrid dan komposit nano sebelum dan sesudah terpapar bahan pemutih gigi hidrogen peroksida 38%. Metode: Tiap kelompok mendapatkan perlakuan 3 kali. Dipersiapka 18 spesimen berbentuk tabung (5 mm) dan dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok masing-masing 9 untuk resin komposite hybrid dan komposit nano. Direndam larutan teh hitam selama 72 jam. Perubahan warna diukur dengan spektrofotometer tipe BPY-47 dan mikrovolt digital, baik sebelum, setelah perendaman larutan teh hitam dan setelah proses bleaching. Perbedaan intensitas cahaya dihitung dengan GLM MANOVA Repeated Measuse dan analisa parametrik. Hasil: Setelah perendaman teh hitam, komposit nano mempunyai perubahan warna yang lebih gelap dibandingkan komposit hybrid. Setelah bleaching, baik komposite hybrid dan komposit nano kembali ke warna aslinya. Tetapi perubahan warna komposit nano lebih besar dari pada komposit hybrid. Kesimpulan: Setelah bleaching, baik resin komposit hybrid dan nano menjadi lebih terang dari warna aslinya.

Efektifitas siwak (Salvadora persica) dan pasta gigi siwak terhadap akumulasi plak gigi pada anak-anak (Effectiveness of Siwak (Salvadora persica) and siwak toothpaste on dental plaque accumulation in children) Indra Bramanti; Iwa Sutardjo RS; Navilatul Ula; Muhammad Isa
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 47 No. 3 (2014): September 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: siwak contain of salvadorine with an antiseptic effect. There were many reports about antibacterial effect of siwak on the cariogenic bacterial, pathogen periodontal, and dental plaque accumulation. Purpose: The study was aimed to determine the effect of siwak and siwak toothpaste on accumulated dental plaque in children. Methods: The subjects were 39 teenage children in range of age 12-15 years old, and were divided on 3 groups. Each subject group was asked to brush their teeth 3 times a day using siwak; siwak toothpaste; and toothpaste with no additional substance as control, respectively. After brushing for a week, plaque scoring was performing using Modified Personal Hygiene Performance Index (PHP-M). Data were analysed using one way Anova. Results: The plaque score on siwak group lower significantly than control group, but there was no significant difference between siwak group and siwak toothpaste group. Conclusion: The study suggested that siwak and siwak toothpaste had the same effect on decreasing plaque accumulation in children.Latar belakang: siwak mengandung salvadorine yang berefek sebagai antiseptik. siwak juga dilaporkan memiliki efek antibakteri terhadap bakteri kariogenik dan pathogen periodontal, dan menghambat pembentukan plak. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efek siwak dan pasta gigi siwak terhadap akumulasi plak pada anak. Metode: subyek penelitian adalah 39 anak remaja berusia 12-15 tahun yang dibagi dalam 3 kelompok. setiap subyek dalam kelompok yang sama diminta untuk menyikat gigi sehari 3 kali dengan menggunakan siwak; pasta gigi siwak; dan pasta gigi murni tanpa tambahan bahan sebagai control. setelah selama seminggu menyikat gigi, dilakukan pengukuran skor plak menggunakan indeks PHP-M. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan Anova satu jalur. Hasil: skor plak kelompok siwak lebih rendah secara signifikan dibanding kelompok pasta gigi murni, namun antara kelompok siwak dan pasta gigi siwak tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna. Simpulan: studi ini menunjukkan bahwa siwak dan pasta gigi siwak memiliki efek yang sama dalam menurunkan akumulasi plak pada anak.

Recent pharmacological management of oral bleeding in hemophilic patient Monica Widyawati Setiawan
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 44 No. 3 (2011): September 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Hemophilia is a hereditary bleeding disorder that can increase the risk of disease in oral cavity. Sometimes hemophilia is not always established already in a patient. The lack of awareness of hemophilia presence can cause serious problem. Purpose: The purpose of this review is to explain about dental bleeding manifestation and management in hemophilic patient. Reviews: Hemophilia can be manifested as dental bleeding that cannot stop spontaneously. It should be treated with factor VIIII either by giving whole blood, fresh plasma, fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate, and factor VIII concentrate. Factor VIII dose for hemophilia treatment can be calculated based on factor VIII present in hemophilia patient’s body. Factor VIII can also be given as prophylaxis to prevent bleeding. Complications that can be caused by factor VIII replacement therapy are the presence of factor VIII inhibitor and transfusion related diseases. Treatment of dental bleeding due to hemophilia consists of factor replacement therapy and supportive therapy. Conclusion: Treatment of dental bleeding due to hemophilia consists of factor replacement therapy and supportive therapy. There are complications that can happen due to factor VIII replacement therapy that should be considered and anticipated.Latar belakang: Hemofilia adalah kelainan pembekuan darah yang diturunkan. Hemophilia dapat meningkatkan resiko penyakit rongga mulut. Hemofilia tidak selalu sudah terdiagnosa saat penderita melakukan kunjungan ke dokter gigi. Kurangnya kewaspadaan akan adanya hemofilia dapat menyebabkan masalah serius. Tujuan: Tujuan dari kajian pustaka ini adalah memaparkan tentang manifestasi dan penanganan perdarahan gigi pada penderita hemofilia. Tinjauan pustaka: hemofilia dapat bermanifestasi sebagai perdarahan gigi yang tidak dapat berhenti secara spontan. Pada keadaan perdarahan tersebut, pemberian faktor VIII yang diberikan sebagai whole blood, fresh plasma, fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate, dan konsentrat faktor VIII. Dosis faktor VIII sebagai terapi hemofilia dapat dihitung berdasarkan kadar faktor VIII yang terdapat dalam tubuh penderita hemofilia. Faktor VIII juga dapat diberikan sebagai terapi profilaksis untuk mencegah perdarahan. Komplikasi yang dapat terjadi pada pemberian factor VIII replacement therapy adalah timbulnya inhibitor faktor VIII dan penyakit yang terkait transfusi. Terapi perdarahan gigi pada penderita hemofilia terdiri dari factor replacement therapy dan terapi suportif. Kesimpulan: Terapi perdarahan gigi pada penderita hemofilia terdiri dari factor replacement therapy dan terapi suportif. Komplikasi factor VIII replacement therapy harus diwaspadai dan ditatalaksana dengan baik.

Combination of Aloe vera and xenograft induction on decreasing of NF-kb of tooth extraction socket preservation in Cavia cobaya Utari Kresnoadi; Retno Pudji Rahayu
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 47 No. 1 (2014): March 2014
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Tooth extraction can naturally cause inflammation triggering osteoclast proliferation and alveolar bone resorption. Preservation of the tooth extraction sockets is needed for patients in order to reduce alveolar bone resorption risks. Aloe vera is known to have anthraquinones components, namely Aloin, Aloe emedin, and barbaloin, considered as anti-inflammation. Therefore, to overcome the inflammation, the role of NF-kb is very significant to decrease nuclear factor kappa b (NF-kb). As a result, inflammation risks will be decreased. Purpose: The study was aimed to determine the induction effect of combination of Aloe vera and XCB into tooth extraction sockets to reduce inflammation by reducing NF-kb expression, osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Methods: Forty-eight Cavia cobaya were divided into eight groups, each group consisted of six animals. The mandibular incisors of those Cavia cobaya were extracted and induced with either PEG, XCB, Aloe vera, or the combination of Aloe vera + XCB. Those animals were sacrificed on day 7 and day 30 after the extraction. Then immunohistochemical and histopathology examinations were conducted to observe NF-kb expression, osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Results: It was known that in group induced with the combination of Aloe vera and xenograft concelous bovine, the growth of osteoblasts was high, while NF-kb expression and osteoclasts reduced. Conclusion: It can be concluded that the induction of the combination of Aloe vera and XCB into the tooth extraction sockets can reduce NF-kb expression and osteoclast, as a result, alveolar bone resorption risks decrease, and osteoblast increase.Latar belakang: Trauma mekanis akibat pencabutan gigi asli menyebabkan keradangan. Keradangan memicu proliferasi osteoklas sehingga menyebabkan resorpsi tulang alveolararis. Pada pembuatan gigi tiruan, resorpsi tulang alveolar yang terjadi, sangat tidak diinginkan, sebab resorpsi tulang alveolar mengurangi keberhasilan pembuatan gigitiruan. Diperlukan preservasi soket pencabutan gigi asli pada penderita untuk mencegah terjadinya resorpsi tulang alveolar. Aloe vera mempunyai komponen anthraquinon yaitu aloin, Aloe emodin, barbaloin yang merupakan anti inflamasi yang dapat secara cepat menyembuhkan luka, sehingga berpotensi untuk digunakan pada preservasi soket. Didalam mengatasi keradangan peran NF-kb sangat berarti, sebab penurunan NF-kb akan mengurangi terjadinya inflamasi. tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah induksi kombinasi lidah buaya dan XCB ke soket pencabutan gigi dapat mengurangi peradangan dengan mengurangi ekspresi NF - kb , osteoklas dan osteoblast. Metode: Empat puluh delapan ekor Cavia cabaya yang terdiri dari 8 kelompok, tiap kelompok 6 ekor, kelompok pengisian PEG (kontrol), kelompok pengisian XCB, kelompok pengisian aloe vera dan kelompok pengisian kombinasi aloe vera dan XCB, kelompok ini terdiri dari kelompok 7 dan 30 hari, kemudian diperiksa dengan imunohistokimia ekspresi NF-kb dan pemeriksaan histologi untuk osteoblas dan osteoklas. Hasil: Kelompok yang diisi kombinasi Alo vera dan xenograft concelous bovine pada soket pencabutan gigi, menunjukan nilai tertinggi dalam pertumbuhan osteoblas dan penurunan pada ekspresi NF-kb dan osteoklas. Simpulan: Induksi kombinasi Aloe vera dan xenograft concelous bovine pada preservasi soket pencabutan gigi dapat menurunkan ekspresi NF-kB dan osteoklas, menurunkan resiko resorpsi tulang alveolar dan meningkatkan osteoblas.

Constraints on the performance of school-based dental program in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: A qualitative study Rosa Amalia; Niken Widyanti; Johan W. Groothoff; Rob M.H. Schaub
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 44 No. 2 (2011): June 2011
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: A high prevalence of caries at ages ≥ 12 in Yogyakarta province (DMFT = 6.5), raises the question of the effectiveness of the school-based dental program (SBDP) which, as a national oral health program in schools, is organized by community health centers (CHCs). Purpose: The aim of this study is to explore the possible constraints on work processes which might affect the performance of SBDPs in controlling caries. Methods: In-depth interviews was conducted in twelve CHCs, covering all five districts both in urban and rural areas. Subjects were 41 dentists and dental nurses working in these CHCs. The interviews were structured according to the following themes: resources and logistics; program planning; target achievement; monitoring and evaluation; and suggestions for possible improvements. The data were analyzed using content analysis. Results: The main constraints identified were limited resources and inflexible regulations for resource allocation in the CHC, and inadequate program planning and program evaluation. Inadequate participation of parents was also identified. Another constraint is thatpolicy at the district level orientates oral health towards curative intervention rather than prevention. Suggestions from interviewees include encouraging a policy for oral health, task delegation, a funding program using school health insurance, and a reorientation towards prevention. Conclusion: The weakness of management processes and the unsupported policy of the SBDP at the local level result in a lack of effectiveness. The constraints identified and suggestions for improvements could constitute a basis for improving program quality.Latar Belakang: Tingginya prevalensi karies pada usia ≥ 12 tahun (DMFT = 6.5) di Provinsi Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY) menimbulkan pertanyaan akan efektifitas Usaha Kesehatan Gigi Sekolah (UKGS). UKGS adalah salah satu program nasional di bidang kesehatan gigi dan mulut yang dilaksanakan oleh Puskesmas. Tujuan: Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengeksplorasi hambatan pada pelaksanaan UKGS yang dapat mempengaruhi kinerja dari UKGS untuk mengontrol karies. Metode: Penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan in-depth interview dilakukan di 12 Puskesmas, meliputi lima kabupaten di DIY baik di daerah pedesaan maupun perkotaan. Subyek terdiri dari 41 dokter gigi dan perawat gigi di Puskesmas. Struktur tema dari wawancara adalah sumber daya dan logistik; perencanaan program; pencapaian target; monitoring dan evaluasi; saran untuk perbaikan program. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis konten. Hasil: Hambatan pada program UKGS yang teridentifikasi adalah sumber daya yang terbatas dan regulasi yang tidak fleksibel untuk alokasi sember daya di Puskesmas, perencanaan dan evaluasi program yang tidak memadai dan rendahnya peran serta orang tua. Hambatan lain adalah kebijakan pada tingkat kabupaten yang berorientasi pada pelayanan kuratif daripada preventif. Saran yang dikemukakan adalah penguatan kebijakan untuk kesehatan gigi, delegasi tugas, asuransi kesehatan sekolah dan reorientasi pelayanan preventif. Kesimpulan: Proses manajemen yang lemah dan kurangnya dukungan kebijakan untuk UKGS pada tingkat daerah menjadi salah satu sebab kurang efektifnya program. Hambatan dan saran yang teridentifikasi pada studi ini dapat menjadi dasar untuk meningkatkan mutu program.

The effect of CPP-ACP containing fluoride on Streptococcus mutans adhesion and enamel roughness Yulita Kristanti; Widya Asmara; Siti Sunarintyas; Juni Handajani
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 46 No. 4 (2013): December 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Direct contact between the bleaching agent and the enamel surface results in demineralization, alteration in surface roughness and bacterial adhesion. Many studies try to minimize this side effect through different way. Purpose: The aim of this study was to determined the effect of Calcium Phospho Peptide-Amorphous Calcium Phosphate (CPP-ACP) containing fluoride application before and after bleaching procedure on the adhesion of S. Mutans and enamel roughness. Methods: The samples were 6 teeth which were divided into 4 groups, and each tooth was cut into four pieces. Group A and C were treated with CPP-ACP after bleaching, while group B and D were treated with CPP-ACP before and after bleaching. CPP-ACP used in group C and D was the one that contain fluoride. After treatment, all samples were sterilized, immersed in steril human saliva for one hour, then immersed into S. mutans suspension of 108 CFU. Samples were incubated overnight. On the next day the samples were put into steril BHI and vortexed for one minute to detach the bacteria. Fifteen ml BHI containing bacteria was poured into TYS agar then incubated 37°Cfor 48 hours. Bacterial colony was counted with colony counter. The SEM examination was done on all samples. Results: Application of desensitizing agent reduced the S.mutans adhesion significantly among groups (p<0.05) except between group A and C. SEM evaluation revealed significant differences among groups. Conclusion: The application of CPP-ACP containing fluoride before and after bleaching was effective to reduce the accumulation of S.mutans colony and enamel roughness.Latar belakang: Kontak langsung antara bahan bleaching dan permukaan enamel menyebabkan demineralisasi, perubahan kekasaran permukaan dan berpengaruh terhadap banyaknya bakteri Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) yang melekat. Banyak peneliti mencoba meminimalkan efek samping ini dengan cara yang beragam. Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meneliti efek aplikasi CPP-ACP mengandung fluor sebelum dan setelah bleaching terhadap adhesi S.mutans dan kekasaran enamel. Metode: Sampel penelitian adalah 6 buah gigi yang dibagi dalam 4 kelompok, kemudian masing-masing gigi dibelah menjadi 4 bagian. Kelompok A dan C diaplikasi dengan CPP-ACP setelah bleaching, sedang Kelompok B dan D diaplikasi CPP-ACP sebelum dan setelah bleaching. CPP-ACP yang digunakan pada kelompok C dan D adalah yang mengandung fluor. Setelah perlakuan, semua sampel disterilkan dan direndam dalam saliva steril, lalu direndam dalam suspensi S. mutans 108 CFU dan diinkubasi 24 jam. Hari berikutnya sampel dimasukkan dalam BHI steril, divortex 1 menit untuk melepaskan bakteri. Lima belas ml BHI yang berisi S. mutans tersebut diambil untuk dikultur dalam agar TYS dan diinkubasi 37°C selama 48 jam. Bakteri yang tumbuh dihitung dengan colony counter. Pemeriksaan SEM dilakukan untuk meneliti permukaan enamel. Hasil: Aplikasi CPP-ACP(F) menurunkan jumlah bakteri yang melekat pada enamel secara signifikan (p<0,05) pada semua kelompok, kecuali antara kelompok A dan C. Simpulan: Aplikasi CPP-ACP mengandung fluor sebelum dan sesudah bleaching efektif mengurangi akumulasi S. mutans dan kekasaran pada permukaan enamel.

The increasing of odontoblast-like cell number on direct pulp capping of Rattus norvegicus using chitosan Widyasri Prananingrum
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 43 No. 4 (2010): December 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Pulpal perforation care with direct pulp capping in the case of reversible pulpitis due to mechanical trauma was performed with chitosan which has the ability to facilitate migration, proliferation, and progenitor cell differentiation. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the increasing number of odontoblast-like cells in direct pulp capping dental care of Rattus norvegicus using chitosan for seven and fourteen days. Methods: Samples were molars of male Rattus norvegicus strain wistar, aged between 8–16 weeks, divided into two treatment groups, namely group I given chitosan and group II as a control group given Ca(OH)2. Those Rattus norvegicus’ occlusal molar teeth were prepared with class I cavity, and then chitosan and Ca(OH)2 were applied as the pulp capping materials. Afterwards, glasss ionomer cement type IX was used as a restoration material. Their teeth and jaw were then cut on the seventh day and the fourteenth day. Next, histopathological examination was carried out to observe the odontoblast like cells. All data were then analyzed by t test. Degree of confidence obtained, finally, was 95%. Results: The results obtained showed that the significant differences of odontoblast like cells on the seventh day observation was 0.001 (p = 0.001), and on the fourteenth day observation was 0.002 (p = 0.002). Conclusion: The number of odontoblast-like cells in direct pulp capping dental care of rattus norvegicus using chitosan is higher than the one using Ca(OH)2 for seven and fourteen days.Latar belakang: Perawatan perforasi pulpa pada kasus pulpitis reversible karena trauma mekanis bur dilakukan direct pulp capping dengan cara pemberian bahan secara topikal pada daerah perforasi. Kitosan memiliki kemampuan untuk memfasilitasi migrasi, proliferasi dan diferensiasi sel progenitor pulpa. Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menentukan jumlah peningkatan odontoblas-like cell pada perawatan direct pulp capping gigi Rattus norvegicus menggunakan kitosan selama 7 dan 14 hari. Metode: Sampel adalah gigi molar Rattus norvegicus jantan strain wistar, berusia antara 8–16 minggu, dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok perlakuan yaitu kelompok I yang diberi kitosan dan kelompok II sebagai kontrol yang diberi Ca(OH)2. Oklusal gigi molar Rattus norvegicus dipreparasi kelas I kemudian kitosan dan Ca(OH)2 diaplikasikan sebagai bahan pulp capping. Glass ionomer cement tipe IX digunakan sebagai bahan restorasi. Gigi beserta rahang tikus dipotong pada 7 dan 14 hari. Pemeriksaan histopatologi dilakukan untuk mengamati odontoblas-like cell. Semua data dianalisis dengan uji t. Tingkat kepercayaan = 95%. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan yang signifikan dalam odontoblas like cell pada pengamatan hari ke-7 (p = 0,001) dan pengamatan hari ke 14 (p = 0,002). Kesimpulan: Jumlah odontoblas like cell pada perawatan direct pulp capping gigi Rattus norvegicus menggunakan kitosan lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan Ca(OH)2 selama 7 dan 14 hari.

Ukuran kranial dan indeks sefalik pada anak retardasi mental (Cranial size and cephalic index of mentally retarded children) Dewi Elianora; Iwa Sutardjo; Bambang Udji Rianto
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 46 No. 3 (2013): September 2013
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Mental retardation is imperfect condition of mental development which resulted in delay of motoric development, speech and in adaption with the environment. The common symptoms is brain growth disorder, which affects the cranial size and the intelectual function lower than average (<70). Purpose: This study was aimed to determine the difference of cranial size and cephalic index of mentally retarded children compared with normal chilren based on antropometry and cephalometric measurement. Methods: This research was epidemiology analytic observational with case control design. The cranial size and cephalic index measurements were carried out on 168 children in range of age 7-12 years old (84 were moderate mental retarded children and 84 were normal children). Data was statistically analyzed with t-test. Results: The size of cranial and cephalic on index on mentally retarded children were smaller than normal children. S-N and G-Op size were shorter than normal children, the results of S-N differences (-4.4), S-Ar (-2.38) and G-Op (-5.5), Eu-Eu (-8.24). The results analysis of linear and angle component cranial base (S-N, S-Ar and <NSAr) was significantly smaller than normal children. Based on age and genders, and the normal child was normocephalic. Odds ratio value of the head profile based on age groups 2.10 times (CI 0.290-3.390) compared to normal children 0.99 (CI 0.025-0.375). Based on gender the odds ratio value 1.469 times (CI 0.429-5.035) compared normal child 0.562 (CI 0.19-1.65). The head length and cranial base had related with gender. Cranial size on boys were bigger than girls. Conclusion: It is concluded that the cephalic index and the size of cranial base of mentally retarded children were smaller than normal children.Latar belakang: Retardasi mental merupakan ketidaksempurnaan perkembangan mental yang mengakibatkan keterlambatan perkembangan motorik, bicara dan penyesuaian diri dengan lingkungan. Gejala umum adalah gangguan pertumbuhan otak yang berpengaruh terhadap ukuran kranial dan fungsi intelektual (Quetient Intelegence) rendah (kurang dari 70). Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan mengukur perbedaan ukuran kranial dan indeks cephalik anak retardasi mental umur 7-12 tahun dibandingkan anak normal berdasarkan pengukuran antropometri dan sefalometri. Metode: Penelitian epidemiologi analitik observasional dengan rancang penelitian case control. Pengukuran ukuran kepala dan indeks sefalik dilakukan pada 168 anak umur 7-12 tahun (84 anak retardasi mental sedang dan 84 anak normal). Data dianalisis dengan uji-t. Hasil: Ukuran kranial dan indeks sefalik anak retardasi mental lebih kecil, terlihat dari ukuran S-N dan G-Op lebih pendek pada anak retardasi mental dibanding anak normal. Rerata selisih perbedaan -4.4 (S-N), -2.38 (S-Ar) dan G-Op (-5.05 mm), Eu-Eu (-8.24). Hasil komponen garis dan sudut ukuran basis kranium (S-N, S-Ar dan sudut N-S-Ar) lebih pendek secara bermakna pada anak retardasi mental dibanding anak normal. Berdasarkan kelompok umur dan jenis kelamin pada anak retardasi mental lebih banyak ditemukan bentuk kepala brakisefalik, dan anak normal normosefalik. Nilai odds ratio bentuk kepala berdasarkan kelompok umur 2.10 kali (95% CI 0.025-0.375) dibanding anak normal 0.99 (CI 0.290-3.390). Berdasarkan jenis kelamin nilai odds ratio 1.469 kali (CI 0.429-5.035) dibanding normal 0.562 (CI 0.19-1.65). Panjang kepala dan basis kranial ada kaitannya dengan jenis kelamin, anak laki-laki ukuran kranialnya lebih besar dari anak perempuan. Simpulan: Ukuran kepala dan basis kranial anak retardasi mental lebih kecil dari anak normal.

Early removal of odontoma resulting in spontaneous eruption of the impacted teeth Achmad Harijadi
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 43 No. 2 (2010): June 2010
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Background: Compound odontomas in the anterior maxilla during mixed dentition frequently cause obstruction to the eruption pathway of permanent upper anterior teeth. Removal of the odontomas may or may not lead to spontaneous eruption of the impacted teeth depending on the age when the surgery is performed, the size of the lesion, and the stage of tooth development of the involved teeth. Purpose: This paper attempts to emphasize the importance of early removal of compound odontoma to enable spontaneous eruption of the affected teeth. Case: A case of odontoma in the anterior maxilla causing failure of eruption and delayed root formation of upper right permanent lateral incisor and canine in a 10-year-old male patient is presented. Case management: The odontoma was surgically removed under general anesthesia and histology result confirmed the diagnosis of compound odontoma. A three-year post surgical follow up showed spontaneous eruption as well as continued root formation of the two affected teeth. Conclusion: Removal of odontoma may lead to spontaneous eruption of the affected teeth if their root development are not completed.Latar belakang: Compound odontoma pada daerah anterior maksila pada masa geligi pergantian sering menyebabkan hambatan erupsi pada gigi permanen penggantinya. Kemungkinan terjadinya erupsi spontan gigi permanen yang impaksi setelah pengambilan odontoma tergantung dari: umur penderita pada saat dilakukan operasi, ukuran lesi odontoma dan tahapan perkembangan gigi permanen yang terlibat. Tujuan: Laporan kasus ini ingin menekankan pentingnya pengambilan compound odontoma sedini mungkin untuk memberi kesempatan tumbuhnya gigi permanen yang terlibat dan erupsi secara spontan. Kasus: Ditampilkan sebuah kasus compound odontoma pada regio maksila anterior menyebabkan gagalnya erupsi dan terlambatnya pembentukan akar gigi insisif kedua dan kaninus permanent rahang atas kanan pada penderita anak laki-laki berumur 10 tahun. Tatalaksana kasus: Dilakukan eksisi odontoma dengan pembiusan umum dan pemeriksaan histopatologi menunjukkan lesi tersebut adalah compound odontoma. Dalam kurun waktu 3 tahun pasca pembedahan kedua gigi permanen yang impaksi dapat erupsi sempurna secara spontan disertai dengan berlanjutnya proses pembentukan akar. Kesimpulan: Pengambilan odontoma dapat menyebabkan erupsi secara spontan gigi permanen yang impaksi dengan syarat proses pembentukan akar gigi yang bersangkutan belum selesai.

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Home Page

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Contact Name
Saka Winias

Contact Email
saka.winias@gmail.com

Phone
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Journal Mail Official
dental_journal@yahoo.com

Editorial Address
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Location
Kota surabaya,

Jawa timur

INDONESIA