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Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi)
Published by Universitas Airlangga
ISSN : 19783728     EISSN : 24429740     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health,
Dentistry
The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) (e-ISSN:2442-9740; p-ISSN:1978-3728) is published by the Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga. Its diciplinary focus is dental science and dental hygiene. The Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) is published in English on a quarterly basis with each 50-60 page edition containing between nine and eleven scientific articles on research, study literature and case studies. Contributors to the Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) included: dental researchers, dental practitioners, lecturers, and students drawn from Indonesia and a wide range of other countries.
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Articles 950 Documents
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The effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control in Indian diabetics with periodontal disease – A systematic review and meta-analysis Ghadge, Komal K.; Shetty, Sharath K.; Kulloli, Anita; Martande, Santosh; Mehta, Vini; Gopalakrishnan, D.; Mathur, Ankita; Fiorilla, Luca
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 58 No. 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v58.i2.p198-206

Abstract

Background: Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition that contributes to systemic complications. It is associated with an increased risk of poor glycemic control and other diabetes-related complications. Purpose: This review aimed to evaluate the effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on the metabolic level of diabetes (HbA1c) in diabetic patients with generalized chronic periodontitis (GCP) in the Indian population. Methods: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) criteria were followed for conducting the review. PubMed-MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched from inception until January 30, 2025. The Cochrane risk of bias (ROB)-2 tool for randomized controlled trials (RCT) was used to assess quality. A p value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant, and the standardized mean difference (SMD) was employed as a summary statistic measure using a random effect model. Results: Eleven studies fulfilled the eligibility criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis, of which only six studies were suitable for meta-analysis. The pooled estimate through the SMD signifies that periodontal therapy, or NSPT, had a significant reduction in the clinical parameters assessed (p < 0.05). Publication bias through the funnel plot showed symmetric distribution with the absence of systematic heterogeneity. Conclusion: This study highlights that NSPT as a standalone therapy significantly reduces metabolic markers, specifically HbA1c, in diabetic patients. Additionally, notable improvements in clinical parameters were observed following NSPT. Therefore, periodontal therapy should be considered for patients with elevated metabolic markers (HbA1c), as it may help to reduce both the inflammatory burden and HbA1c levels associated with diabetes.
Vitamin administration on orthodontic tooth movement animal model: A systematic review Lubis, Hilda Fitria; Idrus, Erik; Suniarti, Dewi Fatma; Amir, Lisa Rinanda; Bachtiar, Endang Winiati; Lestari, Widya
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 58 No. 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v58.i2.p207-218

Abstract

Background: Duration is a very important aspect of orthodontic treatment and is still challenging for orthodontists. Numerous studies investigating the effects of biological substances, including dietary supplements, on orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) rate indicate positive results. Efforts to improve the OTM rate can be classified into four main categories: biological, biomechanical, physical, and surgical. Numerous animal studies have evaluated the impact of biological substances on the rate of OTM, yielding positive outcomes compared to those not given biological substances. Purpose: This systematic review investigated the impact of dietary supplement delivery both locally and systemically on the rate of OTM. Methods: Nine databases were searched until January 31, 2023, for animal studies evaluating the effect of supplement administration on OTM. The Systematic Review Center for Laboratory Animal Experimentation’s (SYRCLE) risk of bias tools were employed. This review’s reporting adhered to the PRISMA guidelines. Results: Sixteen studies were identified for inclusion. Local injections of vitamin D exhibited variable effects. Vitamin C and zinc, as well as vitamin A, showed insignificant effects based on the OTM rate. Vitamin E showed conflicting results. Combined prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and calcium can increase the OTM. Effects of systemic administrations of omega-3 fatty acids can decrease the OTM in vivo. Conclusion: The pace of tooth movement in animals may vary depending on the local or systemic administration of vitamins, as applied to OTM animal models.
Cone beam computed tomography in detecting the second mesiobuccal canal in the upper molars: A pilot study Othman, Noor Ilyani
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 58 No. 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v58.i2.p113-119

Abstract

Background: Root canal treatment aims to heal and/or prevent apical periodontitis. It is accomplished by removing inflamed or necrotic pulp, followed by sealing with the appropriate materials. Studies show that the endodontic treatment of the maxillary molars has the highest failure rate because of anatomical variations in the mesiobuccal (MB) roots. Purpose: This study aims to evaluate cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) to accurately identify the second mesiobuccal (MBII) canal in human maxillary first molars. Methods: The investigation was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Research Management Institute, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM). Images were sourced from the Radiology Unit of the Centre for Oral Radiology Studies, Faculty of Dentistry, UiTM. CBCT images of permanent maxillary molars (n = 24) were selected. The images were of intact permanent maxillary first molars with complete root formation, with or without the presence of obturation material. The presence or absence of the MBII canals was analyzed by three examiners, and the data were recorded. Results: The MBII canals were present in 86% (n = 19) of the investigated upper first molars. All of the previously endodontically treated teeth (n = 10) revealed the presence of MBII canals, which were not obturated. Seventy-five percent (n = 3) of the patients exhibited four canals in both the right and left upper first molars. Conclusion: The MB roots of maxillary molar teeth have more variations in their canal system than the other two roots. CBCT is a good diagnostic tool for detecting and mapping the MB root-canal system and can potentially improve the quality of endodontic treatment.
Variation and contact time of protective surface coating on fluoride release and recharge from glass ionomer restoration AL-Dabbagh, Aya Thanoon; AL-Naimi, Raya Jasim
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 58 No. 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v58.i2.p180-186

Abstract

Background: Glass ionomer cement (GIC) is an effective restorative material known for its ability to release and recharge fluoride over an extended period. The application of fluoride-containing varnish and acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel can substantially enhance the fluoride release and recharge properties of GIC. These additional treatments provide an extra source of fluoride, contributing to the long-term protection and strengthening of teeth. Purpose: This study aims to investigate the fluoride release and rechargeability of a tooth-colored restorative material (glass ionomer) over different time periods following the application of fluoride varnish (F varnish) and APF gel. Methods: Seventy-two specimens were prepared and divided into three groups, each further categorized into four subgroups based on the type and duration of fluoride application. Fluoride release was measured at 24 hours, 1 week, and 1 month, while fluoride recharge was evaluated after the application of F varnish and APF gel. Results: There was no significant difference in fluoride release between 24 hours and 1 week, but a significant decrease was observed after 1 month. The highest fluoride release occurred at 24 hours, while the lowest was recorded at 1 month. After fluoride recharge, there was a significant increase in fluoride release. Conclusion: Fluoride release from glass ionomer restorations was highest at 24 hours, and the rechargeability was greater with a 24-hour F varnish application compared with 12 hours. APF gel demonstrated higher fluoride release than F varnish, and prolonged contact time between the restorative material and the recharging agent resulted in greater fluoride uptake.
Planning for success: Full mouth rehabilitation with different fixed restorations Bin Fadly Loo, Muhamad Faizran Loo Szen
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 58 No. 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v58.i2.p187-193

Abstract

Background: A minimally invasive approach in a full mouth rehabilitation is preferred, especially in a younger patient, as it is reversible, in line with the European Consensus Statement. Purpose: This case report aims to highlight the importance of detailed planning of a full mouth rehabilitation involving different fixed restorations, including direct composite restoration, indirect posterior onlays, and the replacement of an unrestorable tooth with a dental implant. Case: A 52-year-old gentleman presented with severe generalized non-carious tooth surface loss (NCTSL), planned for full mouth rehabilitation in a reorganized approach. His treatment was complicated by subgingival restorative margins and an unrestorable tooth, requiring replacement. Case management: Periodontal disease was stabilized, and the full mouth rehabilitation was initiated with direct composite restoration of the anterior teeth using the injection molding technique (IMT), followed by the implant placement protocol and extraction of unrestorable tooth 24. The final implant abutment and restoration were digitally designed and delivered with high accuracy. Conclusion: Full mouth rehabilitation requires detailed planning and can be complicated by the replacement of missing teeth with dental implants. However, digital technology and good communication with the dental technologist can help to deliver the prosthodontically driven implant restoration with good accuracy.
Pomegranate-peel-chitosan-gelatin composite: A hemostatic dental sponge with antibacterial enhancement Rozykulyyeva, Lale; Widiyanti, Prihartini; Astuti, Suryani Dyah
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 58 No. 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v58.i2.p171-179

Abstract

Background: Effective post-tooth extraction bleeding management and the alleviation of patient discomfort hinge upon the careful choice and judicious application of suitable hemostatic agents. Purpose: In this study, we developed a biodegradable, porous hemostatic sponge composed of gelatin (GE) and chitosan (CS), enhanced by the incorporation of pomegranate peel extract (PE), which was designed for use in dental applications, with a focus on antibacterial properties and infection prevention. Methods: The sponge was synthesized using an environmentally friendly (green) foaming approach without a foaming agent and was fabricated by freeze-drying. The efficiency of the hemostatic sponge was evaluated using various tests, including structural analysis, mechanical strength, water absorption capacity, hydrophilicity, blood clotting time (BCT), in vitro antibacterial effectiveness, and biodegradability. Results: The calcium chloride–crosslinked CS-GE and PE-immersed (CS-GE-PE) sponges exhibited adequate tensile strengths, with CS-GE-PE at 0.776 ± 0.025 MPa. The CS-GE-PE sponge showed significant water absorption (927.1% ± 37.55%). Hydrophilicity was evident (contact angle: 45°) and decreased slightly with the addition of PE. The BCT was shorter for the CS-GE sponge (161 ± 9.644 s), and both sponges exhibited minimal hemolysis, indicating biocompatibility. The CS-GE-PE sponge exhibited slightly enhanced antibacterial properties. Conclusion: This study has successfully developed a composite sponge consisting of CS, GE, and PE that exhibits a balanced level of biodegradability, antibacterial and anti-inflammatory properties, and blood absorption properties that reduce clotting time. This innovative material has great potential for a wide range of clinical applications in dental procedures and wound care.
Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis and oroantral communication: A case report Dipankara, Jackson; Hadrian, Gary; Eddy; Putri, Tansza Setiana; Rinanti, Astri; Swe, Thet Thet; Poedjiastoeti, Wiwiek
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 58 No. 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v58.i2.p194-197

Abstract

Background: Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis (OMS) and oroantral communication (OAC) have been well recognized in oral and maxillofacial surgery. The treatment ranges from non-surgical treatment to surgical treatment. Purpose: This case report discusses the management of OMS and OAC through a non-surgical approach. Case: A female patient presented to our department after being referred from a different department. After informed consent was obtained, her tooth was extracted. Unfortunately, the maxillary sinus was exposed, and OMS was suspected after pus leakage occurred into the oral cavity prior to tooth extraction. The communication was found at the mesiobuccal region with a 3 mm diameter and distobuccal region with a 2 mm diameter. Case management: Due to the small size of the OAC, it was decided to close the communication using the figure-of-eight suture technique, and an absorbable gelatin sponge was placed inside the socket. Odontogenic maxillary sinusitis was treated with a combination of pharmacological therapy and dental therapy, including the removal of the source of infection and a prescription of antibiotics and nasal decongestant due to the OAC. Finally, the patient was educated about the sinus precaution step. Conclusion: Good healing of the lesion was noted in this report. Non-surgical treatment such as dental therapy and pharmacological therapy can, therefore, be considered to treat OMS. Closure of the OAC using a suture technique and a gelatin sponge can treat small-sized communication.
Bond strength of a silicon-based soft liner to three types of denture base materials Mahmood, Israa Ali; Hasan, Radhwan Himmadi
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 58 No. 2 (2025): June
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v58.i2.p163-170

Abstract

Background: Silicon-based soft liners have poor chemical adhesion to denture base resin, as they depend on mechanical interlocking. De-bonding between denture resin and soft liners is a common problem, as it shortens the life of a relined prosthesis. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to assess the tensile bond strength of three types of denture base materials—fabricated by conventional heat curing, computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture, and three-dimensional printing, or milling—that are bonded to the silicon-based soft liner. The study also aimed to evaluate the effect of surface treatment (acetone; erbium- and chromium-doped yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet [Er,Cr:YSGG] laser) of denture base materials on the bonding capability of the soft liner. Methods: A total of 90 specimens were divided into three groups according to the denture base type (conventional, printed, and milled). The 30 specimens in each group were then subdivided into three sub-groups according to the surface treatment (untreated, acetone, and Er,Cr:YSGG), such that each sub-group included 10 specimens. The denture base was bonded to a ready-to-use paste of the silicon-based soft liner. The strength of the tensile bond was tested using a universal testing machine. Data were statistically analyzed using SPSS v.26 software, two-way ANOVA, and Duncan’s test at a significance level of p ≤ 0.05. Results: The milled denture base showed a higher mean tensile bonding strength compared with the conventional and printed denture base materials, at p ≤ 0.05. The surface treatment with Er,Cr:YSGG and the acetone, respectively, showed a higher mean tensile bonding strength value than the untreated group, at p ≤ 0.05. Conclusion: A milled denture is the most favorable denture base material for bonding to a silicon-based soft liner. The use of Er,Cr:YSGG and acetone surface treatment, respectively, enhances the tensile bonding strength.
The correlation of head posture (NSL/OPT angle) with maxilla and mandible relation (ANB angle) by cephalometric analysis (Review of Deutro Malay children aged 10–12 years in Jakarta) Putri, Annisa Galuh Rahmawati Hendra; Budiardjo, Sarworini B.; Suharsini, Margaretha
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 58 No. 3 (2025): September
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v58.i3.p262-266

Abstract

Background: Proper head posture involves an upright head with minimal muscle work and maximum mechanical efficiency in the central nervous system. Muscular imbalance in the cervical spine and stomatognathic system affects head posture and maxillary–mandibular malrelation. Age 10–12 years is the golden period for orthodontic treatment, for which an assessment of head posture needs to be considered. The nasion-sella line/odontoid process tangent (NSL/OPT) angle represents flexion–extension of the head posture; the A point, Nasion, B point (ANB) angle is used to determine the maxillary–mandibular relationship. No research has ever been conducted on the relationship between the NSL/OPT and ANB angles in children of the Deutro Malay race aged between 10 and 12 years. Purpose: This study aims to analyze the relationship between the NSL/OPT and ANB angles in children of the Deutro Malay race aged between 10 and 12 years. Methods: This research was conducted at the Pediatric Dental and Radiology Clinic of Universitas Indonesia Dental Hospital with 33 respondents aged between 10 and 12 years, taking the inclusion and exclusion criteria into account. Lateral cephalometric radiographs were taken, and the NSL/OPT and ANB angles were determined using ImageJ software. Data analysis was conducted using the Pearson correlation test. Results: The mean values for the NSL/OPT and ANB angles are 97.9 and 3.15, respectively. The correlation test result (r = 0.067; p-value = 0.713) indicates an immensely weak relationship between the NSL/OPT and ANB angles and is not significant. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that there was an exceedingly weak linear relationship; it can be concluded that the angle of head posture cannot be correlated to the ANB angle.
Nigerian dental anxiety, fear, and phobia: A prevalence review Eseadi, Chiedu; Surjaningrum, Endang R.
Dental Journal (Majalah Kedokteran Gigi) Vol. 58 No. 3 (2025): September
Publisher : Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga https://fkg.unair.ac.id/en

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20473/j.djmkg.v58.i3.p301-313

Abstract

Background: Dental anxiety, dental fear, and dental phobia are psychological conditions that commonly affect individuals, making dental visits and treatments daunting and distressing. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate dental anxiety, fear, and phobia among Nigerians through a literature review design. The main outcome of the study was to assess the prevalence of dental anxiety, fear, and phobia among Nigerians. Methods: The research databases used were Google Scholar, PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, and Cochrane. After independent assessors read the full texts to ensure eligibility, 23 studies were selected for inclusion, while 65 papers were excluded. These studies documented the existence of dental anxiety, fear, and phobia among Nigerians from 2002 to 2022. Results: Among the selected studies, there were 21 dental anxiety studies, one dental fear study, and one dental phobia study. The prevalence of dental anxiety in these studies ranged from 7.43% to 62.8%, the prevalence of dental fear was 36.8%, and the prevalence of dental phobia was 30%. Notably, dental anxiety studies were more frequently carried out among residents of South-Western Nigeria than residents of other regions of the country. The Modified Dental Anxiety Scale was the most commonly used instrument for assessing dental anxiety among study participants. Dental anxiety, fear, and phobia were commonly associated with dental health concerns, past pain experiences, and previous traumatic dental treatment among Nigerians. Conclusions: Dental anxiety, dental fear, and dental phobia affect both Nigerian children, adolescents, and adults, though the prevalence and extent of investigation vary by group and region. Further empirical studies are needed across different regions of the country, particularly in the South-Eastern and North-Eastern regions, focusing on hospitals, schools, and community-based settings. Psychological services can be implemented alongside dental treatments to help alleviate anxiety, fear, and phobias in Nigerian dental patients.

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