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INDONESIA
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal
Published by The Prodia Education and Research Institute
ISSN : -     EISSN : -     DOI : -
Core Subject : Health, Science,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Public Health
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 10 Documents
 1 
Search results for , issue "Vol 15, No 4 (2023)" : 10 Documents clear
High Adenosine Deaminase Level and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate of Intestinal Tuberculosis Patients Nuri Dyah Indrasari; Marcellus Simadibrata; Primariadewi Rustamadji; Yusra Yusra; Aria Kekalih; Suhendro Suhendro; Alida Roswita Harahap; Heri Wibowo; Ida Parwati; Ferry Sandra
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 15, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v15i4.2406

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Currently, laboratory diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis (ITB) is limited based on clinical manifestations, providing opportunities for alternative laboratory tests to diagnose ITB. At the present time, the role of serum adenosine deaminase (ADA) and hematological tests in ITB patients are not widely known. The objective of this study was to determine the role of ADA and hematological tests in patients suspected with ITB.METHODS: Subjects that were suspected of ITB were classified as ITB group, while subjects with inflammatory bowel disease, hemorrhoid, and intestinal malignancy were classified as non-ITB group. Colonoscopy, histopathological examinations, and hematological test were performed. ADA measurement was also performed with clinical chemistry analyzer based on enzymatic colorimetry principle.RESULTS: Out of 143 subjects, 16 (11.2%) subjects were diagnosed with ITB and 127 (88.8%) subjects were classified as non-ITB group. ADA level and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) of ITB group were significantly higher than the ones of non-ITB group (p<0.05). Cut-off, sensitivity, and specificity of ADA level were 12.56 IU/L, 75%, and 57%, respectively. Cut-off, sensitivity, and specificity of ESR were 32.5 mm/hour, 81%, and 62%, respectively. Colonoscopy of ITB subjects displayed multiple ulcerations, edema, and hyperemic mucosa. Histopathological examination of ITB subjects exhibited granulomatous inflammation, epitheloid cells, giant cells, and lymphocyte aggregates.CONCLUSION: ADA level and ESR were significantly higher among ITB patients compared with non-ITB patients. Since the sensitivities of ADA and ESR tests were high, the ADA and ESR tests could be considered as a screening test for ITB.KEYWORDS: intestinal tuberculosis, adenosine deaminase, hematological tests
Electric Field Stimulation of Stem Cell Culture Media Increases Oxygen Radical Uptake Capacity Maki Yoshikawa; Masatoshi Oshita; Tomomi Gotoh; Yukina Tawa; Katsuaki Dan
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 15, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v15i4.2344

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Stem cell culture medium is garnering attention because it comprises growth factors and exosomes secreted by stem cells. In this study, stem cell culture medium was subjected to electric field stimulation using the cells alive system (CAS) to determine the antiaging effects of this medium on dermal fibroblasts.METHODS: The medium was added to the monolayer cultures of human fibroblasts with or without 100 μg/mL advanced glycation end products (AGE), and the cells were incubated for 4 hours. Total RNA was extracted, and mRNA levels of several AGE receptors and heat shock proteins were measured using quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain rection (qRT-PCR).RESULTS: Similar amounts of exosomes were extracted from the supernatants of stem cells cultured with (CAS+) and without (CAS−) electric field stimulation. The results demonstrated that CAS+ had a higher oxygen radical absorbance capacity than CAS−, indicating its high antioxidant activity. Furthermore, the expression of domain-containing link scavenger receptor-1 mRNA, which is involved in the degradation of cell surface receptors for AGE under glycation stress, significantly increased. The electric field stimulation also increased the expression of several heat shock proteins, which play important roles in cellular responses generated against glycation stress. The electric field stimulation of the stem cell culture medium effectively promoted the endocytosis and degradation of AGE, thereby exerting antioxidant effects and inducing glycation stress.CONCLUSION: Electric field stimulation of stem cell culture medium enhanced the expression of Hsp and its antioxidant activity in fibroblasts.KEYWORDS: AGE, electric field stimulation, exosome, fibroblast, oxygen radical absorbance capacity, stem cell
Polyscias scutellaria Aqueous Leaves Extract Increases Insulin Levels and Improves Mammary Gland Histology in Lactating Rats Budiono Budiono; Sumirah Budi Pertami; Kasiati Kasiati; Tutik Herawati; Nurul Pujiastuti; Siti Nur Arifah; Mochammad Fitri Atho&#039;illah
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 15, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v15i4.2425

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Exclusive breastfeeding could be a protective step to avoid infant stunting. During lactation, several hormones are involved in milk secretion, including insulin. Polyscias scutellaria is a perennial plant which has traditionally been used to increase breast milk production. This study was conducted to examine the impact of P. scutellaria leaf extract on the mammary gland histology, expression of insulin in the mammary gland, as well as plasma insulin and the insulin receptor levels.METHODS: Five female unmated rats (UR) and twenty female lactating rats were divided into five groups, namely UR, lactating rats only (LRO), lactating rats treated with Asifit (LRA), lactating rats treated with PSAE at a dosage of 250 and 500 mg/kg body weight (BW) (LRPSAE 250 and 500). Treatments were given orally for 14 days. The dams were sacrificed after the weaning stage (third week after parturition), and the serum, mammary gland, liver, and muscle were collected for further analysis.RESULTS: The histoarchitecture of mammary gland between the LRA and LRPSAE groups were similar. The LRPSAE 250 group had higher plasma level and immunofluorescent expression of insulin than the LRA group. PSAE did not affect insulin receptor beta subunit (INSR-β) levels in both liver and muscle of lactating rats.CONCLUSION: PSAE could be used as an herbal treatment to increase breast milk production by improving mammary gland histology and maintaining the mother's insulin levels.KEYWORDS: Polyscias scutellaria, lactating rats, insulin, INSR-β
Oxidative Stress Mediates the Association between Thyroid Dysfunction and Breast Cancer Maira Mahmood; Mazhar Mushtaq; Aamenah Malik; Rukhshan Khurshid; Faiza Aamir; Arham Javed
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 15, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v15i4.2487

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Breast Cancer (BC) and thyroid dysfunction are commonly observed ailments in females, and two may occur synchronously. The present study was conducted to find the role of oxidative stress and its association with thyroid dysfunction and BC.METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, 288 and 100 subjects were included in case and control groups, respectively. Serum samples were obtained from consented subjects. Thyroid profile, thyroid antibodies, antioxidant and oxidant profiles, as well as cathepsin S (CTSS), prolactin, and estradiol levels were estimated using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. The data was analyzed using independent Student's t-test and Pearson correlation test.RESULTS: BC cases had higher levels of thyroid antibodies and thyroid stimulating hormone than controls. Prolactin and estradiol levels were also deranged in the case group. Higher oxidative stress biomarkers were evident in the case group; 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a DNA damage marker, increased concomitantly. Correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the antioxidant (catalase) and the oxidant (8-OHdG) levels. Furthermore, the higher level of CTSS in BC cases than in the controls is the hallmark of this study, demonstrating the pathogenesis and progression of the disease.CONCLUSION: Results suggest the mediating role of oxidative stress in the association between thyroid dysfunction and BC. It concludes that the parameters assessed in this study could be indicative of disease progression and metastasis in BC as well as thyroid dysfunction.KEYWORDS: breast cancer, thyroid, oxidant, antioxidant, ROS
2-(3-(chloromethyl)benzoyloxy)benzoic Acid Increases CD4+ Regulatory T-Cell Population and FoxP3 Expression in Lipopolysaccharide-induced Mice Yudy Tjahjono; Caroline Caroline; Jusak Nugraha; Kuncoro Foe; Srikanth Karnati; Süleyman Ergün; Nico Jafet; Oryza Chrisantia; I Made Andika Bara Kusuma; Hendy Wijaya; Wuryanto Hadinugroho; Dwi Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih; Dwi Liliek Kusindarta; Yufita Ratnasari Wilianto; Senny Yesery Esar; Hevi Wihadmadyatami
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 15, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v15i4.2429

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has been reported to increase CD4+ regulatory T-cell (CD4+ Treg) populations. Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) has been reported to have immunomodulatory activity, but it may induce chronic gastric ulceration. Another salicylic acid-bearing compound, 2-(3-(chloromethyl)benzoyloxy)benzoic acid (3-CH2Cl), has been reported to have less gastric mucosal damage. However, the effect of 3-CH2Cl on CD4+ Tregs in LPS-induced mice is still unknown. Therefore, the present study was conducted to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of 3-CH2Cl on CD4+ T-cell and CD4+ Treg populations as well as FoxP3 expression in LPS-induced mice.METHODS: Synthesis of 3-CH2Cl was performed by mixing salicylic acid and chloromethylbenzoylchloride with the catalyzation of pyridine, acetone and heat. The 3-CH2Cl tablets were prepared using direct compression method. After intraperitoneal injection of 1 mg/kg BW LPS to mice, 60 mg/kg BW ASA or 60 mg/kg BW 3-CH2Cl was given orally for 3 days. The splenocyte was obtained through splenectomy and collagenase digestion. The population of CD4+ T-cells and CD4+ Tregs, as well as the splenic FoxP3 expression were determined using flow cytometry technique.RESULTS: CD4+ T-cell populations in mice treated with LPS and 3-CH2Cl or ASA were lower than those treated with LPS merely. Meanwhile, CD4+ Treg populations and FoxP3 expression levels in mice treated with LPS and 3-CH2Cl or ASA were higher than those treated with LPS merely.CONCLUSION: Since 3-CH2Cl could decrease CD4+ T-cell population and increase CD4+ Treg population mediated by the increase of FoxP3 expression in LPS-induced inflammation, it may act as a potential therapeutic drug to reduce inflammatory conditions.KEYWORDS: 2-(3-(chloromethyl)benzoyloxy)benzoic acid, acetylsalicylic acid, CD4, T-regulatory cells, FoxP3, LPS
Antibodies to Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase-65 is Associated with Total Daily Dose of Insulin Requirement in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Faisal Faisal; Nur Rochmah; Muhammad Faizi; Novina Novina; Erni Nuraeni
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 15, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v15i4.2377

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) mostly occurs due to the destruction of pancreatic beta cells due to autoimmune processes. Diagnosis of T1D can be established by examining the c-peptide levels and the markers of pancreatic autoantibodies, including glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 autoantibodies (GAD-65). However, the association between c-peptide and anti-GAD-65 toward patients’ clinical manifestations needs to be further explored. Hence, the aim of current study was to identify the association of anti-GAD65 with c-peptide and clinical characteristics in children with T1D.METHODS: Case-control study involving 47 T1D children (T1D group) and 41 healthy children (control group) younger than 18 years old was conducted. Secondary data regarding subjects’ demographic characteristics and medical history were collected from subjects, and serum blood was drawn from each subject for the anti-GAD65 and c-peptide measurement. Anti-GAD65 and c-peptide levels were measured using an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) methods.RESULTS: Anti-GAD65 antibody was detected in 78.7% T1D group, while only 2.43% were detected in control group subject (p=0.0000). The c-peptide level of T1D group was 0.07±0.19 nmol/L and control group was 1.5±0.77 nmol/L (p=0.0000). The total daily dose of insulin in subjects with positive anti-GAD65 was greater than in the negative anti-GAD65 (p=0.012). The sensitivity and specificity of the anti-GAD65 were 85.4% was 66.7%, respectively.CONCLUSION: The results of this study show that anti-GAD65 was associated with total daily dose of insulin requirement in children with T1D.KEYWORDS: diabetes mellitus, type 1 diabetes, anti-GAD65, c-peptide
Rosmarinus officinalis Essential Oil Increases Hair Length and Follicle Diameter of Ultraviolet B-exposed Mice Through VEGF Stefani Luziani; Agus Eka Darwinata; I Gusti Ayu Agung Praharsini; Vincent Ongko Wijaya
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 15, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v15i4.2407

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Ultraviolet (UVB) radiation induces hair photoaging by triggering oxidative stress, causing alterations in hair diameter and length, which contribute to the development of senile alopecia. Development of alternative anti-photoaging agents to prevent hair loss from various materials, including natural products, is currently being explored. Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil (ROEO) has been known to have antioxidant and vasodilation properties. However, the effect and mechanism of ROEO on UVB-exposed hair are still unclear. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ROEO on the hair length and follicle diameter in UVB-exposed mice as well as the skin vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) level.METHODS: Thirty male Swiss mice were treated topically with/without paraffin oil, 2% minoxidil, or various concentrations of ROEO, every day for 21 days. Meanwhile, UVB exposure was performed 3×/week. On day 21, the hair length was measured, the skin tissue was collected for hair follicle diameter and VEGF measurements.RESULTS: ROEO contained phenolic, including flavonoids and tannins, as well as non-phenolic antioxidants, including 1.8-cineole, α-pinene, and camphor. The IC50 value of ROEO was 15.977 ppm. Significant higher hair length, follicle diameter, and VEGF level of 10% ROEO+UVB-treated mice were observed, compared with the ones of mice exposed with UVB merely (LSD test, p<0.05).CONCLUSION: Since 10% ROEO could significantly increase hair length, follicle diameter and VEGF level, and contained antioxidant compounds, it can be suggested that ROEO might increase hair length, follicle diameter, and VEGF level through its antioxidant component.KEYWORDS: Rosmarinus officinalis, hair follicle diameter, hair length, VEGF, ultraviolet B, antioxidant
Sleeve Gastrectomy Decrease Body Weight, Fasting Blood Glucose, and Gene Expression of TNF-α and IL-1 in The Abdominal Aorta of Rats with Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus Addy Saputro; Sigit Adi Prasetyo; Mochamad Ali Sobirin; Abdul Mughni; Yan Wisnu Prajoko
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 15, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v15i4.2240

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is one option to significantly reduce body weight while also protect the cardiovascular system by controlling hyperglycemia and inflammatory markers. Secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1 could induce obesity- and diabetes mellitus (DM)-related inflammation, however its association with SG procedure has not been elucidated well. Therefore, TNF-α and IL-1 gene expression on the abdominal aorta of obese and DM rats that went through SG procedure were evaluated.METHODS: Fifteen rats were divided into 3 groups: lean-non-DM rats model (C1 group), obese-DM rats model (C2 group), and obese-DM rats model underwent SG (T group). Before and 10 days after the SG procedure, rats’ body weight and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were measured. Ten days after the procedure, TNF-α and IL-1 gene expression were also evaluated by PCR.RESULTS: In the end of study, mean body weight and FBG levels in C1 group (231.80±4.32 gram; 68.60±2.07 mg/dL) and T group (232.00±5.33 gram; 114.40±3.20 mg/dL) were significantly lower than in C2 group (264.60± 3.28 gram; 271.00±6.89 mg/dL). TNF-α and IL-1 gene expressions were also found to be significantly lower in the C1 group (1.01±0.01 rfu; 1.01±0.01 rfu) and T group (1.97±0.57 rfu; 1.21±0.78 rfu) compared to the C2 group (224.12±47.59 rfu; 1.85±0.73 rfu).CONCLUSION: SG could decrease body weight and FBG, as well as TNF-α and IL-1 gene expression in the abdominal aorta of rats with obesity and DM, hence SG could be a useful method in reducing body weight and controlling hyperglycemia and inflammatory markers.KEYWORDS: sleeve gastrectomy, TNF-α, interleukin-1, obesity, diabetes mellitus
A Double-Blind, Randomized Controlled Trial of Hydroxychloroquine for Cognitive Dysfunction and Inflammatory Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients in Indonesia Bantar Suntoko; Suharyo Hadisaputro; Handono Kalim; Suyanto Hadi; Ika Vemilia Warlisti
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 15, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v15i4.2504

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune condition characterized by persistent, chronic inflammation that damages organ tissue. One of the symptoms that is often found in SLE is cognitive dysfunction. Hydroxychloroquine is recommended for the treatment of all levels of SLE. This study was conducted to prove the influence of hydroxychloroquine on improving cognitive function and inflammatory biomarkers compared to standard therapy.METHODS: The study adopted randomized controlled trial (RCT) in SLE patients with cognitive dysfunction who met the inclusion criteria. The treatment group consisted of 26 subjects who received hydroxychloroquine 200 mg/day for 8 weeks and standard therapy, while the control group consisted of 29 subjects who were given standard therapy only. Examination of Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)-INA, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-4, interferon (IFN)-α, and C-reactive protein (CRP) scores was carried out at the beginning and the end of the study. The unpaired variables were examined with independent T-test or the Mann-Whitney test, while the paired variables were examined with paired T-test or Wilcoxon signed rank test. The Spearman correlation test was used to measure correlation between variables.RESULTS: A total of 55 subjects participated and completed the study. The result showed a significant relationship between hydroxychloroquine and decreasing levels of IL-6 and IL-4 (p<0.05). Meanwhile, there was no significant effect on the increase in cognitive function and decrease in IFN-α and CRP (p>0.05) in both groups.CONCLUSION: Hydroxychloroquine decreases the levels of IL-6 and IL-4, but has no effect on cognitive function, levels of IFN-α and CRP.KEYWORDS: hydroxychloroquine, systemic lupus erythematosus, cognitive dysfunction, inflammation
Ocimum sanctum Leaves Prevent Neuronal Cell Apoptosis Through Reduction of Caspase-3 and -9 Expressions and Inhibition of β-amyloid Oligomerization Dinda Aliffia; Dinda Ayu Ramadhani; Widya Wasityastuti; Dewi Ratih Tirto Sari; Ulayatul Kustiati; Hevi Wihadmadyatami; Dwi Liliek Kusindarta
The Indonesian Biomedical Journal Vol 15, No 4 (2023)
Publisher : The Prodia Education and Research Institute (PERI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18585/inabj.v15i4.2415

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the loss of neuronal function in the nervous system. In recent years, more than 45 million people worldwide have suffered from progressive loss of memory and cognitive functions caused by Alzheimer’s disease. Ocimum sanctum is one of the medicinal plants known to have neuroprotective abilities. This study was conducted to elucidate the anti-apoptotic effects of ethanolic extract of O. sanctum (EEOS) on PC12 and SH-SY5Y cells as well as interaction between main compounds of EEOS and β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide through in silico molecular docking.METHODS: The viability of TMT-induced PC12 and SH-SY5Y cells was assessed with 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and acridine orange/propidium iodide staining. Cell proliferation rate was measured with cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. Nuclear fragmentation was observed with Hoechst 33342 staining. Caspase -3 and -9 expressions were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Interactions between main compounds of EEOS and Aβ were visualized with in silico molecular docking.RESULTS: EEOS had the potential effect of maintaining cell viability, preventing the cell’s morphological changes, and inhibiting apoptosis via the caspase pathway in PC12 and SH-SY5Y cells. Meanwhile, flavonoid K, phenol, eugenol could interact with the active site of Aβ through hydrogen-bonding and hydrophobic interactions.CONCLUSION: EEOS could prevent neuronal cell apoptosis via downregulation of caspase-3 and -9. Main compounds of EEOS could interact with the active site of Aβ, and thereby might inhibit Aβ oligomerization. Thus, EEOS and its main compounds could be potential as neuroprotective agents for preventing neurodegenerative diseases.KEYWORDS: Ocimum sanctum, anti-apoptotic, β-amyloid, caspase, neurodegeneration

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