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INDONESIA
Science and Technology Indonesia
Published by Universitas Sriwijaya
ISSN : 25804405     EISSN : 25804391     DOI : -
Core Subject : Science, Social, Engineering,
Biochemistry, Genetics & Molecular Biology Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Environmental Science Materials Science & Nanotechnology Physics
An international Peer-review journal in the field of science and technology published by The Indonesian Science and Technology Society. Science and Technology Indonesia is a member of Crossref with DOI prefix number: 10.26554/sti. Science and Technology Indonesia publishes quarterly (January, April, July, October). Science and Technology Indonesia is an international scholarly journal on the field of science and technology aimed to publish a high-quality scientific paper including original research papers, reviews, short communication, and technical notes. This journal welcomes the submission of articles that covers a typical subject of natural science and technology such as: > Chemistry > Biology > Physics > Marine Science > Pharmacy > Chemical Engineering > Environmental Science and Engineering > Computational Engineering > Biotechnology Journal Commencement: October 2016
Arjuna Subject : -
Articles 24 Documents
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Search results for , issue "Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024): October" : 24 Documents clear
The Effect of Adding Minor Actinide Fuel Rods on GFR Reactor in Radiopharmaceutical Waste Production Using OpenMC Program Syarifah, Ratna Dewi; Prasetya, Fajri; Mabruri, Ahmad Muzaki; Arkundato, Artoto; Trianti, Nuri
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024): October
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.4.857-865

Abstract

GFR is a generation IV reactor based on helium gas refrigeration capable of working at very high temperatures. The fast spectrum in this reactor makes it possible to use nitride-based fuel, namely Uranium Plutonium Nitride (UN-PuN). Adding minor actinide (MA) material to the primary fuel, UN-PuN can maximize reactor performance to near critical from the beginning to the end of burn-up. This study aims to analyze the effect of adding MA fuel rods to the heterogeneous core of 5 fuel variations (F1, F2, F3, F4, F5) on the probability of radiopharmaceutical waste production. The method in this research is to place MA fuel rods in this study using four designs based on the highest neutron flux value in one fuel assembly. The results of the neutron flux calculation show that the reactor’s active core’s central region (F1, F2, F3) needs to be added to MA fuel rods so that the resulting flux is more evenly distributed. The calculation of reactor criticality shows that Np fuel rod design 4 and Am fuel rod design 1 have the best keff value (keff ≈ 1) among other designs. The burn-up of MA fuel rods produces a minimal probability of producing Tc99m, Sr89, Y90, Rh105, Ag111, I231, and Sm15 radiopharmaceutical waste, even less than 1 kg.
Myristicin Inhibit Invasion and Migration of Melanoma Cells through Suppression of MMP2 and MMP9 Gene Expression Krisnayanti, Ni Putu Eka; Mariya, Silmi; Indriawati, Iin; Dayana, Hepy; Zaelani, Bella Fatima Dora; Tjandrawinata, Raymond R.; Darusman, Huda Shalahudin
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024): October
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.4.884-892

Abstract

Melanoma is the deadliest type of skin cancer, having a high mortality rate. This cancer has an aggressive nature, is highly invasive, and has the tendency to metastasize. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are essential in that process, especially MMP2 and MMP9. Their expression is upregulated during metastasis progression. Myristicin is one example of a compound that can be utilized to target MMP 2 and MMP 9 in melanoma. This research concerns the activity of myristicin to inhibit melanoma cell invasion and migration by suppressing MMP2 and MMP9 gene expression. The MTT assay in this study demonstrated that myristicin exhibited strong cytotoxic activity against melanoma cells. This compound works in a dose-dependent manner by inhibiting cell migration and invasion. The invasion test was performed using the transwell assay, whereas the migration test was performed using the wound healing assay. The invasion assay results were consistent with MMP2 and MMP9 gene expression. These two genes were analyzed using the RT-qPCR technique. It has been demonstrated that low gene expression in melanoma cells inhibits cell invasion. In contrast, higher MMP2 and MMP9 gene expression was associated with an increase in the number of invasive cells on average. However, MMP2 and MMP9 in excessive expression and uncontrolled activity impair the ability of melanoma cells to form a monolayer sheet to cover wound gaps. This condition significantly reduced the migration rate and percentage of wound closure.
Optimization of a Modified QuEChERS Method of Experimental Design for Vitamin B2, B3, B6 and B9 in Powder Formula Milk by HPLC/DAD Thi, Ngoc-Van Nguyen; Duong, Ngan Tuyet; Pham, Thanh Tuan; Duong, Chau Ngoc; Thi, Cam-Thuy Le; Pham, Kieu Bich; Nguyen, Kien Trung
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024): October
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.4.893-903

Abstract

The purpose of this work is to use HPLC/DAD to ascertain the best extraction and cleanup conditions for various forms of vitamin B in powder formula milk. The QuEChERS method’s key variables were optimized using a Box-Behnken design with 3-level 4-variable and Minimum-Run Resolution IV Screening Design. Following the selection of the best experimental setup, the suggested approach was applied to quantify four vitamins B (B2, B3, B6, and B9) in powder formula milk matrix by HPLC/PDA in accordance with AOAC and ICH guidelines. When taking into account the performance standards given in this guideline, the approach presented recovery between 83.55 and 108.43 for 4 B vitamins, which is adequate. The intra-day and inter day percentage relative standard deviations were 1.66 to 2.75% and 0.47 to 4.78%, respectively. Furthermore, the technique enabled the determination of low detection limits in less than 25 minutes of analytical time. The proposed method’s excellent accuracy, precision, and efficiency made it acceptable for regular B vitamin analysis when applied to powder formula milk samples. The findings confirmed that the modified QuEChERS technique is appropriate for routinely assessing B vitamin levels in powder formula milk matrix.
Novel Micrococcus unila to Produce Glucosamine by Solid-state Fermentation of Shrimp Shell Waste Setiawan, Wawan Abdullah; Setiawan, Andi; Salsabila, Nafila Khansa; Widyastuti, Widyastuti; Laila, Aspita; Juliasih, Ni Luh Gede Ratna; Irawan, Bambang; Ahmadi, Peni; Apriliana, Ety; Arai, Masayoshi; Hendri, John
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024): October
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.4.779-789

Abstract

This study aimed to assess glucosamine production through enzymatic activity, utilizing actinomycetes sourced from shrimp shell waste (SSW) in a solid-state fermentation (SSF) process. A total of 16 actinomycetes underwent chitinase activity screening, and the strain exhibiting the highest chitinolytic index was chosen for subsequent morphological and phylogenetic analyses. High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) was employed to analyze glucosamine produced from the bioconversion of SSW via SSF. Optimal conditions for glucosamine production were determined by varying time, pH, and temperature. Isolate 18D36-A2 showed the highest chitinolytic index of 1.02 in the 32-mm clean zone. Phylogenetic analysis revealed 97% similarity to the genus Micrococcus, identifying it as a novel Micrococcus unila strain 18D36-A2 and deposited in GenBank. This isolate effectively converted shrimp shells. The findings showcase the bioconversion of SSW to glucosamine through SSF using the Micrococcus unila 18D36-A2. Furthermore, this study establishes a foundation for future research on environmentally friendly and sustainable designs for glucosamine production.
Identifying the Original Source of Megalithic Stones in Tambunan Using Spectral Signature Technique Eboy, Oliver Valentine; Sieng, Kong Teck; Kemarau, Ricky Anak
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024): October
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.4.941-948

Abstract

Megalithic stones are a remnant of the ancient people. An intriguing megalithic stone legacy ought to emphasize the context in which it fits. Consequently, it is necessary to ascertain each megalithic stone’s historical context. This is significant for the archaeologist to obtain true and valid information. In Tambunan, there are numerous myths about megalithic stones. As a result, it is impossible to verify the story’s validity. These days, remote sensing has emerged as a crucial technical instrument for archaeologists to gather spatial data in both broad and localized locations. Prior research has demonstrated the efficacy of remote sensing in identifying archaeological site remnants. Nevertheless, there have never been any investigations utilizing remote sensing in relation to small-sized megalithic stones. Thus, this study employs spectral signature techniques and remote sensing to identify the original source of the megalithic stones discovered in Tambunan. This study carries out the spectral signature of megalithic stones in Tambunan using Sentinel-2A satellite image data with a 5-meter resolution using the SNAP application. Before that, the coordinates and measurements for each megalithic stone were obtained from the ground. The spectral signature of all the megalithic stones was then compared with the spectral signature of the stones near the river or near the hill. The study’s findings demonstrate that the spectral signature of the megalithic stones in question is identical to the stone found in the river near its location. As a result, this study was successful in providing scientific evidence that the river is the source of the megalithic stones in Tambunan, despite the stones’ considerable distance from their site.
Diamagnetic to Ferromagnetic Like Transition of Non-Stoichiometry Barium Titanate (BaTiO3-x) Prepared by Sol-gel Method Soegijono, Bambang; Susetyo, Ferry Budhi; Notonegoro, Hamdan Akbar; Raksa, Teguh Yoga
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024): October
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.4.876-883

Abstract

The oxygen vacancy properties are significant, creating ferromagnetic properties of material in metal oxide systems like dilute magnetic semiconductors. An aqueous sol-gel method has been used in the present study to synthesize non-stoichiometry BaTiO3-x polycrystalline. In an attempt of examining the oxygen deficiency consequences on the magnetic properties, the gel samples were sintered (1000◦C) at various times (6, 12, 18, and 24 hours) under a vacuum environment. This study employs an X-ray diffraction apparatus in terms of characterizing segments and structures of the samples. It also investigates morphology and element distribution on the surface of the samples exploiting an Electron microscope where Energy dispersive spectroscopy is supplied. For the purpose of characterizing the magnetic properties of the samples, it applies vibrating sample magnetometers. The chemical state of the element and its corresponding bond to other elements was identified using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Single-phase compounds were observed. The crystal system is tetragonal, but the crystal parameters are different. Increase sintering time leads to increase crystallite size and decrease in micro strain. Moreover, sintering in a vacuum environment results in oxygen deficiency and leads to the atomic ratio of Ba/Ti change as the sintering time increases. The Ba/Ti ratio change affects the transformation from diamagnetic to ferromagnetic-like. The elements (Ba, Ti and O) chemical state is shown and its bonding to the corresponding element along with the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy pattern of the BTX2 sample. The element of oxygen binds to Ti and Ba while Ba element exists in two chemical states.
A Graphene Oxide Nano-Sheets: A Novel Eco-Friendly Approach for Tissue Engineering and Antibacterial Applications in Bone Disease Abdullah, Hind W.; Mubarak, Tahseen H; Resan, Kadhim K.
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024): October
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.4.806-817

Abstract

Obtaining novel scaffolds on bone disease-affected cells with osteoconductivity has recently been the focus of tissue engineering methodologies. Chemical treatment and microwave radiation form a novel strategy to create graphene oxide nanosheets (Gns) that decorate carbon crystal structures. This approach is proven to be eco-friendly. Gns was characterized using "X-ray diffraction, ultraviolet, and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometers". The XRD spectra confirmed the crystalline structure of Gns. The Gns product was analyzed using "Raman spectroscopy. Transmission electron microscopy and field-emission scanning electron microscopy" exposed few layered surfaces of Gns. The TEM images showed Gns specifically decorated with carbon nanoparticles. The evidence demonstrated the novelty of Gns as a very effective bactericidal agent, suggesting its potential as a future antibacterial agent. Different concentrations of Gns and its derivatives showed different cell viabilities toward various cell lines, demonstrating the dependency of a biocompatible environment for good attachment on MG63 cells.
Synthesis and Characterization of Ni(II) Schiff Base Complex as a Precursor for NiO Nanoparticles and an Investigation of Their Corrosion Inhibition Raji, Shahad Qasim; Bader, Ali Talib
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024): October
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.4.914-928

Abstract

This study first aimed to synthesize and characterize a [Ni(C14H13NO2)(OAC)2(H2O)2] via the preparation of a ligand, coordination with Ni(II) ions, and full characterization, such as "FTIR, 1H and 13C-NMR, UV-Visible spectroscopy; and ESI-mass spectrometry" The Nickel complex was then used as a precursor to prepared NiO Nps by calcination at 450°C. The phase purity, crystalline structure, and morphological characterizes of the NiO nanoparticles were investigated via X-ray diffraction (XRD), FESEM, and FTIR spectroscopy, revealing them to be cubic system with an average crystalline is 26 nm. The preparation technique is facile, cost-effective, and rapid and suitable for generating NiO nanoparticles for use in industrial processes. Further, the corrosion inhibition effectiveness of all synthesized compounds on mild steel in 1 M HCl was evaluated. Their inhibition efficiencies were determined via potentiodynamic polarization studies, revealing the highest inhibition efficiency for the NiO nanoparticles compared to the Nickel complex and free a ligand.
Thermal Conversion of Coral Waste and its Utilization as Low-Cost Catalyst for Biodiesel Production Widianingsih, Suci; Yanti , Ika; Kamari, Azlan; Fatimah, Is
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024): October
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.4.866-875

Abstract

This study investigates the thermal conversion of waste coral and its utilization as a heterogeneous catalyst for biodiesel production from soybean oil. In this work, waste coral is calcined at varied temperatures of 800, 900, and 1000°C, and the effect of the calcination temperature on the physicochemical character of the solid is evaluated through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and basicity measurement. The results show that the higher temperature facilitates the conversion of CaCO3 of the aragonite and calcite phases in raw waste coral into CaO, achieving a complete conversion at the temperature of 1000°C. Thermal conversion influences the increased surface basicity of the solid, which is associated with the higher activity for biodiesel production. Further studies on the obtained CaO as a catalyst demonstrate the catalyst dosage and the methanol-to-oil ratio as significant factors for fatty acid methyl ester production. The highest yield of 98.7% is achieved after a 3 hours reaction with 8 wt.% catalyst dosage and 9:1 methanol-to-oil ratio. The catalyst exhibits stability with an insignificantly decreased yield until the fifth usage cycle. The optimum conditions and reusability features of the calcined waste coral suggest that waste coral is a favorable CaO catalyst source for biodiesel production.
Metabolic Profiling, Antioxidant, and Anti-lipase Activity from Combined Leaves Extracts of Tamarindus indica and Murraya paniculata: A Simplex Lattice Design Approach Sholikhah, Eti Nurwening; Wiyono, Tri; Pratiwi, Woro Rukmi
Science and Technology Indonesia Vol. 9 No. 4 (2024): October
Publisher : Research Center of Inorganic Materials and Coordination Complexes, FMIPA Universitas Sriwijaya

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.26554/sti.2024.9.4.828-839

Abstract

Tamarindus indica leaves are recognized for their potent antioxidant and hypolipidemic properties, whereas Murraya paniculata leaves are known for their abilities to lower lipids and glucose levels. This study aimed to assess the combined extract of both leaves against pancreatic lipase inhibition and analyze their metabolomic profiles as an initial step toward developing a polyherbal treatment for hypertriglyceridemia. The extracts were subjected to Liquid Chromatography-High Resolution Mass Spectrometer (LC-HRMS) untargeted system coupled with Compounds Discoverer software to reveal their metabolomic profile. Subsequently, both individual extracts and their combination were evaluated for anti-lipase activity using pancreatic lipase enzyme with p-nitrophenyl butyrate as the substrate. The combination of the two extracts (0-300 μg/mL, 300 μg/mL in total) was prepared following the Simplex Lattice Experimental Design with 5 different composition variations. Results: The findings indicated that Tamarindus indica leaf extract (TIE) predominantly exhibited lipase inhibitory activity. Interestingly, the addition of Murraya paniculata extract (MPE) diminished this enzyme inhibitory effect. TIE was found to be rich in polyhydroxy flavonoids followed by fatty amides, whereas MPE contained mainly polymethoxy flavonoids, fatty amides, and coumarins. The presence of fatty amides in both extracts was identified as a potential cause for this incompatibility. In summary, Tamarindus indica leaf extract demonstrated strong lipase inhibition; however, its effectiveness was reduced when combined with Murraya paniculata extract, possibly due to primary fatty amides. Further research is necessary to explore strategies for eliminating these compounds and confirming their impact in vivo.

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