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All Journal Ganaya: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Bina Hukum Lingkungan Jambura Law Review Pusaka : Jurnal Khazanah Keagamaan Media Keadilan: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Widya Pranata Hukum : Jurnal Kajian dan Penelitian Hukum SUPREMASI Jurnal Hukum RIO LAW JURNAL Jurnal Litigasi Amsir Jurnal Hukum dan Etika Kesehatan (JHEK) Jurnal El-Thawalib Bina Hukum Lingkungan Dewantara: Jurnal Pendidikan Sosial Humaniora Jurnal Penelitian Serambi Hukum Priviet Social Sciences Journal Journal of Research and Publication Innovation Jurnal Riset Rumpun Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Humaniora (JURRISH) Gudang Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Mutiara : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia Eksekusi: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum dan Administrasi Negara Jurnal Sains Student Research JUSTITIABLE - Jurnal Hukum Universitas Bojonegoro Jaksa: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum Dan Politik Mandub: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora Jurnal Media Akademik (JMA) JURNAL MULTIDISIPLIN ILMU AKADEMIK Jurnal Riset Ilmiah MERDEKA: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Hukum Inovatif : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Sosial dan Humaniora Media Hukum Indonesia (MHI) Jurnal Intelek Dan Cendikiawan Nusantara Jembatan Hukum: Kajian Ilmu Hukum, Sosial dan Administrasi Negara Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Ilmu Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendikia Presidensial: Jurnal Hukum, Administrasi Negara, Dan Kebijakan Publik Jurnal Padamu Negeri Referendum Aliansi: Jurnal Hukum, Pendidikan dan Sosial Humaniora Terang: Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Sosial, Politik dan Hukum Konsensus: Jurnal Ilmu Pertahanan, Hukum dan Ilmu Komunikasi Jurnal Riset Multidisiplin Edukasi International Journal of Law Analytic Jejak digital: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Green Social: International Journal of Law and Civil Affairs Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Jurnal El-Thawalib Jurnal Ilmu Hukum SciNusa: Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Jurnal Citra Multidisiplin Jurnal Riset Sosial Humaniora dan Pendidikan ALADALAH: Jurnal Politik, Sosial, Hukum dan Humaniora NETIZEN (JOURNAL OF SOCIETY AND BUSSINESS) Punggawa Law Review Jurnal Hukum dan Sosial Politik Punggawa Global Research
Zul Khaidir Kadir
Fakultas Hukum Universitas Muslim Indonesia
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Celah Hukum dalam Sistem Pengelolaan Limbah di Indonesia: Perspektif Green Criminology Nur Fadhilah Mappaselleng; Zul Khaidir Kadir
Bina Hukum Lingkungan Vol. 10 No. 3 (2026): Bina Hukum Lingkungan, Volume 10, Nomor 3, Juni 2026
Publisher : Asosiasi Pembina Hukum Lingkungan Indonesia (PHLI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24970/bhl.v10i3.483

Abstract

ABSTRAKUndang-Undang Nomor 32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup mewajibkan negara menjamin sistem pengelolaan limbah yang melindungi keberlanjutan ekosistem. Namun, kajian yang ada masih lebih banyak berfokus pada implementasi dan penegakan hukum, sehingga belum memadai untuk menjelaskan bagaimana struktur hukum di Indonesia justru menyisakan celah regulasi yang memungkinkan berlangsungnya praktik destruktif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dua bentuk utama celah hukum dalam sistem pengelolaan limbah, yaitu ambiguitas dalam klasifikasi limbah dan fragmentasi kelembagaan dalam pengawasan, serta menganalisisnya melalui pendekatan kriminologi hijau. Metode penelitian menggunakan penelitian normatif dengan pendekatan konseptual dalam perspektif green criminology untuk menjelaskn sejauh mana bahaya ekologi dapat terjadi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa struktur hukum yang longgar dan prosedural tidak mampu menandai batas teknis antara limbah berbahaya dan bahan baku industri, serta gagal menciptakan sistem pengawasan yang terkoordinasi lintas institusi. Dalam kondisi ini, kejahatan lingkungan tidak dilakukan melalui pelanggaran eksplisit, melainkan berlangsung melalui mekanisme legal yang disediakan oleh desain regulasi. Pendekatan green criminology menegaskan bahwa negara bertindak sebagai fasilitator impunitas ekologis melalui hukum yang permisif terhadap tekanan ekonomi. Oleh karena itu, reformulasi struktural terhadap orientasi hukum menjadi prasyarat untuk membatasi kerusakan ekologis yang berlangsung sebagai bentuk kekerasan terstruktur dan dilegitimasi secara hukum.Kata kunci: celah hukum; green criminology; pengelolaan limbah. ABSTRACTLaw Number 32 of 2009 on Environmental Protection and Management obliges the state to ensure a waste management system that protects ecological sustainability. However, existing studies still focus more on implementation and law enforcement, and are therefore not yet sufficient to explain how Indonesia’s legal structure itself leaves regulatory loopholes that allow destructive practices to persist. This study aims to identify two main forms of legal loopholes in the waste management system, namely ambiguity in waste classification and institutional fragmentation in supervision, and to analyse them through a green criminology approach. This research employs a normative legal method with a conceptual approach from the perspective of green criminology to explain the extent to which ecological harm may occur. The findings show that a loose and procedural legal structure is unable to define the technical boundary between hazardous waste and industrial raw materials, while also failing to establish a coordinated system of supervision across institutions. Under these conditions, environmental crime does not occur through explicit violations, but rather through legal mechanisms enabled by regulatory design. From a green criminology perspective, the state acts as a facilitator of ecological impunity through laws that remain permissive toward economic pressures. Therefore, a structural reformulation of legal orientation is required as a prerequisite for limiting ecological harm that persists as a form of structured violence legitimated by law.Keywords: green criminology; regulatory loophole; waste governance.
NARASI YUDISIAL DAN PENALARAN PEMBUKTIAN DALAM PERKARA HONOR KILLING BANAZ MAHMOD Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal Citra Multidisiplin Vol. 1 No. 6 (2026): Jurnal Citra Multidisiplin (Juni)
Publisher : STKIP Citra Bakti

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.38048/jcm.v1i6.7008

Abstract

Artikel ini mengkaji hubungan antara narasi yudisial dan penalaran pembuktian dalam perkara pembunuhan demi kehormatan Banaz Mahmod. Penelitian menggunakan metode hukum berbasis kasus dengan menelaah bahan yudisial, terutama dokumen pertimbangan pemidanaan, laporan perkara, dan bahan hukum resmi yang memuat kronologi, motif, peran pelaku, serta hubungan antarfakta. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa narasi yudisial membantu pengadilan menyusun ancaman, kontrol keluarga, penyembunyian jenazah, dan tindakan terkoordinasi sebagai satu rangkaian yang memiliki arti hukum. Namun, narasi itu tetap dibatasi oleh penalaran pembuktian karena setiap kesimpulan tentang peran dan kesalahan pelaku harus ditopang oleh bukti yang cukup. Kesulitan utama perkara ini terletak pada cara menerjemahkan cerita kolektif tentang kehormatan, ancaman, dan kekerasan menjadi pertanggungjawaban pidana individual tanpa melonggarkan standar pembuktian pidana.
Living Law sebagai Instrumen Kebijakan Kriminal dalam KUHP Baru Indonesia Zul Khaidir Kadir
JOURNAL SAINS STUDENT RESEARCH Vol. 4 No. 1 (2026): Februari: Jurnal Sains Student Research
Publisher : CV. KAMPUS AKADEMIK PUBLISING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61722/jssr.v4i1.8146

Abstract

This study aims to assess the position of living law as a criminal policy tool, examine whether such recognition results in substantive integration or instrumentalization of culture, and assess its implications for the rule of law and the criminal justice system. The research method used is normative legal research with a legislative approach and a conceptual approach. The results confirm that Article 2 of the New Criminal Code expands the basis of criminal justice legitimacy without adopting the internal community mechanisms that support customary norms, so that social norms shift into material managed by law enforcement institutions. This configuration widens discretion, disrupts predictability, and opens up fragmentation of criminal justice standards between communities, especially for parties in subordinate social relations, while maintaining the centralization of state authority over coercion.
Siri’ Killing vis-à-vis Honor Killing: Menimbang Batas Universal dan Kekhasan Lokal Pembunuhan Demi Kehormatan Zul Khaidir Kadir
JOURNAL SAINS STUDENT RESEARCH Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): April: Jurnal Sains Student Research
Publisher : CV. KAMPUS AKADEMIK PUBLISING

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61722/jssr.v4i2.9447

Abstract

The term honor killing has long been used in global scholarship to describe killings associated with the restoration of family or community honor. Although useful as a general category, the term does not always capture the full social meaning embedded in local experiences. This article examines the relationship between siri’ killing and honor killing by addressing two central questions: whether siri’ killing may be situated as a local form of honor killing, and to what extent it possesses conceptual features that are not fully covered by that global term. This study is a normative legal research employing conceptual and comparative approaches. The materials consist of primary legal sources, secondary legal materials, and relevant non-legal sources, all of which are analyzed qualitatively through library research. The study finds that siri’ killing may still be placed within the broader family of honor killing because both are grounded in the idea of family honor, the social spread of shame, and retaliatory violence understood as restoring dignity. At the same time, siri’ killing cannot be fully explained by the term honor killing because siri’ carries a more specific normative structure, particularly in relation to dignity, the distribution of shame, and the social responsibility to restore family reputation. This article argues that siri’ killing should be positioned as a local form that remains connected to honor killing while also correcting the overbreadth of that global concept. This distinction affects both criminological explanations of violence and criminal law’s effort to maintain a clear boundary between explaining social background and rejecting any justification for killing in the name of honor.
CIRCUMSTANTIAL EVIDENCE DAN NARASI YUDISIAL DALAM PERKARA JESSICA WONGSO DAN MADELEINE SMITH Zul Khaidir Kadir
SINERGI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah Vol. 3 No. 6 (2026): SINERGI : Jurnal Riset Ilmiah, Juni 2026
Publisher : Lembaga Pendidikan dan Penelitian Manggala Institute

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62335/sinergi.v3i6.2630

Abstract

Murder cases based on circumstantial evidence raise a central problem in criminal adjudication because courts must transform fragmented facts into a legally persuasive narrative without allowing suspicion to replace proof. This article aims to examine how judicial narrative is constructed through evidentiary inference in two poisoning cases, namely Jessica Wongso in Indonesia and Madeleine Smith in Scotland. The study employs a document-based doctrinal-comparative method by analyzing the cause of death, poison medium, access or opportunity, attribution of conduct, treatment of alternative possibilities, and the final form of verdict. The findings show that courts do not merely assess evidentiary fragments in isolation, but arrange them into a narrative that establishes sequence, causality, and a basis for accepting or rejecting conviction. In the Jessica Wongso case, the connection between the victim’s death, cyanide, coffee as the medium, control over the drink, and other surrounding facts was regarded as sufficient to sustain a guilty verdict. In the Madeleine Smith case, strong suspicion arose from personal relations, arsenic purchases, and circumstances incriminating the accused, yet the connection between poison, opportunity, and act was not considered sufficient to justify conviction. The implication of this comparison is that circumstantial evidence should not be evaluated only through narrative coherence, but also through the strength of inferential links and the disciplined assessment of alternative possibilities.
Pembuktian Unsur Rencana dalam Perkara Honor Killing: Deliberasi Keluarga dan Skema Persiapan Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal Intelek Insan Cendikia Vol. 3 No. 1 (2026): JANUARI 2026
Publisher : PT. Intelek Cendikiawan Nusantara

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Abstract

Honor killing is frequently framed in judicial proceedings as an act triggered by an immediate emotional outburst, leading to a narrowed or weakened assessment of premeditation. Such framing risks misclassification, as decision-making in honor killings often unfolds through brief yet deliberative chains of choice and may be distributed among multiple family members. This article aims to formulate honor-killing-specific indicators for proving premeditation by focusing on family deliberation and preparation schemes that remain verifiable through criminal evidence.The study employs normative legal research with a doctrinal and argumentative orientation, using statutory, conceptual, and systematic approaches. Analysis draws on provisions governing premeditated murder and principles of criminal evidence to connect the element of planning with observable conduct rather than subjective admissions. The findings demonstrate that the distinction between emotional outburst and premeditation should rest on the structure of decision-making rather than emotional intensity. Family deliberation operates as an internal authorization mechanism that enables role assignment and directs preparatory actions. Preparation schemes may be identified through weapon procurement, victim luring, surveillance, timing and location selection, and post-offence coordination, provided these acts maintain a logical connection with pre-offence preparation. These indicators are organized into a premeditation checklist based on evidentiary convergence across decision, preparation, and post-offence clusters. The checklist functions as a judicial reasoning aid that enables systematic scrutiny of spontaneity claims while preserving the foundational principles of criminal proof.
Standar Pembuktian Mens Rea dalam Perkara Pembunuhan demi Kehormatan (Honor Killing) Zul Khaidir Kadir
Jurnal Intelek Dan Cendikiawan Nusantara Vol. 2 No. 6 (2025): Desember 2025 - Januari 2026
Publisher : PT. Intelek Cendikiawan Nusantara

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Abstract

Honor killing cases raise persistent challenges in criminal law, particularly at the stage of proving mens rea. The core difficulty arises when honor-based motives are treated as substitutes for the mental element, or when family and community pressure is used to attenuate intent without strict factual scrutiny. This article aims to formulate a mens rea evidentiary standard capable of distinguishing intent formed through honor norms from claims of momentary emotion, while mapping the forms of knowledge and acceptance of fatal risk embedded in communal legitimization. The research adopts a normative legal method with a conceptual and analytical approach, grounded in mens rea doctrine and the extraction of fact-based indicators commonly found in criminal case files. The analysis demonstrates that honor motives must be treated with disciplinary restraint, functioning either as background context or as inference enhancers, but never as replacements for knowledge and volition. The article proposes a three-tiered mens rea test consisting of the assessment of knowledge of fatal consequences, acceptance of fatal risk, and consolidation of will through family communication and social control. This framework enables a structured differentiation between dolus directus, dolus indirectus, and dolus eventualis, while preventing social pressure from operating as an automatic excuse. The proposed tiered test strengthens criminal proof by anchoring intent in verifiable factual structures rather than moral or emotional narratives.
The Lack of Authority in Determining State Losses: A Legal Anomaly in Corruption Cases Nur Fadhilah Mappaselleng; Zul Khaidir Kadir
Widya Pranata Hukum : Jurnal Kajian dan Penelitian Hukum Vol. 8 No. 1 (2026)
Publisher : Fakultas Hukum Universitas Widya Mataram

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37631/widyapranata.v8i1.2043

Abstract

This study analyzes the legal problems of determining state losses in corruption cases in Indonesia, especially regarding the unclear institution that is legally authorized to determine it. This study was conducted using normative research with a statute approach. The results of the study indicate that there is no explicit norm that establishes the Audit Board of Indonesia (BPK) as the sole institution authorized to determine state losses in criminal cases. This opens up space for investigators and prosecutors to use internal estimates or audits from non-constitutional institutions, which raises the potential for excessive criminalization, inter-institutional conflict, and legal uncertainty. This study recommends harmonization of legislation that integrates BPK investigative audits as the main evidence in corruption criminal proceedings and encourages the reconstruction of inter-institutional procedures to ensure the principle of due process and legal justice.
Siri’ Killing dalam Masyarakat Bugis-Makassar: Konstruksi, Pola Pembunuhan, dan Respons Hukum Pidana Zul Khaidir Kadir
MUTIARA: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin Indonesia Vol. 4 No. 2 (2026): JIMI - APRIL
Publisher : PT. PENERBIT TIGA MUTIARA

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.61404/mutiara.v4i2.493

Abstract

This study examines the phenomenon of siri’ killing in the Bugis-Makassar community, which has received limited attention in global discussions on honor-based killings. The background of this research is rooted in the strong value of siri’ as a system of collective honor that not only regulates social behavior but also has the potential to generate violence as a means of restoring dignity. The research problem focuses on how the construction of siri’ shapes collective honor, how patterns of honor-motivated killings occur, and how Indonesian criminal law responds to this phenomenon without legitimizing violence. This study employs a normative legal method with statutory, case, and conceptual approaches to analyze the relationship between legal norms and cultural values. The findings indicate that siri’ is understood as a collective family identity that significantly influences individual behavior, with women becoming the most vulnerable group due to the unequal distribution of moral burden. Patterns of siri’ killing are generally associated with control over sexuality and marriage and are driven by social pressure and collective moral legitimacy. The response of criminal law tends to be ambivalent, as cultural motives are not justified but are often considered as background factors. The conclusion emphasizes that siri’ killing is a complex phenomenon that cannot be understood merely as a criminal act, but rather as the result of interactions among culture, gender, and law. The novelty of this study lies in the integration of cultural, criminal law, and gender perspectives in explaining siri’ killing as a localized form of honor killing with distinctive characteristics in Indonesia.
Reconstructing Honor Killing Through Siri’: A Cultural Perspective from Bugis-Makassar Society Nur Fadhilah Mappaselleng; Zul Khaidir Kadir
Ganaya : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial dan Humaniora Vol 8 No 4 (2025)
Publisher : Jayapangus Press

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37329/ganaya.v8i4.4858

Abstract

Honor killing within the Bugis-Makassar community cannot be fully understood through the lens of positive criminal law, as it is grounded in the normative system of siri’, which holds strong social legitimacy. This study addresses a gap in existing literature that overlooks local value systems as a source of normative justification for violence. It employs a qualitative method with a conceptual approach, using library research to explore siri’ as a regulatory structure. The findings reveal that siri’ positions collective honor above individual life, institutionalizing violence as a corrective obligation. The key contribution of this study is the introduction of cultural criminology as an alternative analytical framework to interpret violence legitimized by customary norms. These findings underscore the urgency of reforming criminal law to account for value pluralism within a legally plural society.
Co-Authors Ahmad, Abd. Kadir Kadir, Nadiah Khaeriah Mappaselleng, Nur Fadhilah Muhammad Basri Muhni, Afif Nadiah Khaeriah Kadir Normiati, Normiati Nur Fadhilah Mappaselleng Nur Fadhilah Mappaselleng Nur Fadhilah Mappaselleng