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All Journal International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Jurnal MEKANIKAL Jurnal Ilmiah Poli Rekayasa Jurnal Teknik Mesin Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan MEKTRIK Jurnal METTEK (Jurnal Ilmiah Nasional Dalam Bidang Ilmu Teknik Mesin) JMPM (Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur) INOVTEK POLBENG Menara Ilmu Jurnal Metalurgi dan Material Indonesia Jurnal Teknik Mesin Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Jurnal Teknik Industri Terintegrasi (JUTIN) Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri Jurnal Teknik Mesin Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -science and engineering- (JOMAse) METAL : Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal
G Gunawarman, G
Andalas University
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Physics

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PENGARUH WAKTU TEKAN DAN UKURAN PARTIKEL KULIT TUSAM (Pinus merkusii Jungh. et. de Vr.) TERHADAP KUALITAS PAPAN PARTIKEL Asfarizal Saad; Anwar Kasim; Gunawarman Gunawarman; Santosa Santosa
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 37, No 3 (2019): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2019.37.3.171-183

Abstract

Papan partikel tanpa perekat sintetis memiliki peluang untuk dikembangkan menggantikan produk serupa dengan perekat sintetis. Pemanfaatan tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dan kulit tusam sebagai papan partikel merupakan hal yang menarik dan belum banyak diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh papan partikel yang memenuhi standar SNI 03-2105-2006. Komposisi papan partikel adalah 70% TKKS dan 30% kulit tusam, panjang serat TKKS 0,1-2,0 cm dan kadar air 5-6%. Variasi ukuran partikel kulit tusam adalah lolos saringan 30, 40, dan 50 mesh. Papan partikel dibuat dengan empat variasi waktu kempa panas yaitu 10, 15, 20 dan 25 menit. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa waktu kempa panas 20-25 menit merupakan waktu terbaik untuk pembuatan papan partikel dari tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan kulit tusam. Pada produk papan partikel yang dibuat dengan ukuran partikel kulit tusam 50 mesh diperoleh sifat fisik dan mekanik yang sebagian besar memenuhi SNI 03-2105-2006 untuk papan partikel kerapatan sedang tipe 8, kecuali sifat mekanik MOE belum memenuhi syarat.
Karekteristik Hidroksiapatit (HA) Dari Limbah Tulang Sapi dengan Metode Mekanik-Termal Ikhsan - -; Gunawarman - -; Yuli Yetri -
Jurnal Ilmiah Poli Rekayasa Vol 13, No 2 (2018)
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan pengabdian kepada Masyarakat (P3M) Politeknik Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (490.254 KB) | DOI: 10.30630/jipr.13.2.89

Abstract

The availability of bovine bone waste is very abundant and has not been utilized optimally as raw material for the manufacture of Hydroxyapatit (HA).HA is widely used in the field of orthopedics and dentistry, because it is biocompatible and bioactive, bovine bone wastes are synthesized by thermal-mechanical methods to obtain HA. The first stage of bovine bone preparation is done to obtain HA from bovine bone waste by mechanical collision to obtain bone meal smooth. The second stage of calcination at a temperature of 800oC. The results of microstructural observation with SEM obtained granules obtained almost evenly smoothness with average size 42.25 μm in span (irregular spherical (30.29-136.4μm) and chemical composition with XRF obtained by Ca / P ratio of 1.61, close to the optimal value of HA of 1.67.
The Effect of Pressure and Temperature on The Particle Board Manufacture from Palm Oil Empty Bunches and Pine Bark Asfarizal Saad; Anwar Kasim; Gunawarman Gunawarman; Santosa Santosa
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (JTM) Vol 9, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : LP2M - Institut Teknologi Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (295.45 KB)

Abstract

The manufacture of particle boards without synthetic adhesives is influenced by the composition of the material, temperature, time, pressure, particle size and method of manufacture. The pressure of one important parameter and its variations often produce different properties. Pine skin is a waste that is not valuable and just wasted. Making particle boards from palm oil empty bunches and pine bark waste is an interesting and new thing. Pinus merkusii leather powder is used as an added ingredient, its composition is 70% tkks and 30% pine merkusii powder with 5-6% moisture content, dry based. The fiber lengths are 0.1-2.0 cm and pressures are 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 kg.cm-2, temperature 150, 160, 170, 180 and 190ºC. The standard for particle board reference and bending test is SNI 03-2105-2006 and ASTM D1037. The result show of working pressure and heating temperature affect the density, moisture content and MOR. Increasing pressure and temperature tend to increase the MOR value and increase in temperature above 190oC, the MOR value decreases.
Effect of Particles Size on EFB Bio-briquettes of Calorific Value Nofriady Handra; Anwar Kasim; Gunawarman Gunawarman; Santosa Santosa
Jurnal Teknik Mesin (JTM) Vol 7, No 1 (2017)
Publisher : LP2M - Institut Teknologi Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1370.184 KB)

Abstract

The development of biomass has been assumed as an important issue in the past several decades and would remain to be attractive in the future due to its clean, renewable, and carbon–neutral properties. Biomass is one of the most important renewable energy resources in the world. In recent decades, the utilization of biomass has dramatically increased. The objective of this research was to knowing effect of particles size on EFB bio-briquettes of calorific value. There were many reasons. First, biomass is a renewable resource, because of the availability of biomass is unlimited, and its regenerative process runs well. Second, the extraction of biomass energy can be carried out more flexibly. The biomass can be burned directly without high technology. Biomass bio-briquettes are often used as an energy source for cooking purpose and in some industries. The 2% (dry basis) is used as a binder in a mixture with EFB fibre. Samples of solid cylindrical shape Ø 4 cm and 6 cm high and density sample is 0.8 gr/cm2. The pressure is used to generate samples specified in the mold volume. The volume of the cylinder is 75.36 cm2. The particle size briquette of 40 mesh average water content of 9.1% was generated while the size of 60 mesh was 9.5%. The particle size of 60 mesh (smooth) yields the highest value between 20 mesh and 40 mesh. The value of ash content generated by 4.35% is higher than the size of 20 mesh (2.88%) and 40 mesh (3.09%). On the particle size of 20 mesh fibers (more roughly), it yields a calorific value of 4237.5 kal /gr and is higher than 40 mesh fiber particle size (4102.2 kal/gr) and 60 mesh (4066.5 kal/gr). The difference in heating value produced by the three did not show any significant difference.
Perlakuan Termomekanik Paduan Mg-Gd Sebagai Material Implan Mampu Luruh Oknovia Susanti; Sri Harjanto; Myrna A Mochtar; Gunawarman Gunawarman
Jurnal Mettek: Jurnal Ilmiah Nasional dalam Bidang Ilmu Teknik Mesin Vol 6 No 1 (2020)
Publisher : Program Studi Magister Teknik Mesin Universitas Udayana

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24843/METTEK.2020.v06.i01.p01

Abstract

Paduan Mg-1,6Gd (wt%) mempunyai potensial sebagai material implan yang mudah larut dalam tubuh. Penambahan Gd kedalam magnesium dan selanjut di proses melalui termomekanik bertujuan untuk memperbaiki sifat-sifat mekanik yaitu kekerasan, kekuatan, ketangguhan dan keuletan dan juga dapat mengontrol laju korosi dalam lingkungan biologis. Perubahan mekanik yang terbentuk akibat penambahan sedikit Gd (1,6wt%) kedalam Mg kemudian diproses termomekanik melalui ekstrusi dan rolling yang dikaitkan dengan hasil strukturmikro melalui ukuran butir dan phasa. Proses termomekanik dilakukan pada temperatur rekristalisasi (400-550 °C) paduan Mg-1,6Gd dengan reduksi 95 %. Pemeriksaan dilakukan di skala labor dengan menggunakan tahap-tahap metalografi dan pengujian tarik dengan ukuran sample yang standar ASTM E8. Uji kekerasan dengan menggunakan alat uji Hardness Vicker dengan berat 300 gram dan ditahan selama 15 detik. Pemerikasaan ini dilanjutkan dengan pengujian laju korosi dengan menggunakan cairan infus. Hasil menunjukan bahwa terjadi perubahan ukuran butir yang siknifikan pada paduan Mg-1,6Gd setelah proses termomekanik terutama pada proses ekstrusi panas yaitu mencapai 14 µm, namun kekerasan tertinggi terdapat pada proses pengerolan yaitu mencapai 50 HVN. Adanya sejumlah presipitat ditemui pada strukturmikro yang dapat mempengaruhi kekerasan akibat pengerolan. Sifat-sifat mekanik paduan Mg-1,6Gd juga dipengaruhi oleh presipitat, dimana kekuatan tertinggi adalah 197 MPa pada pengerolan dibanding ekstrusi hanya mencapai 187 MPa. Meskipun demikian keuletan terbesar dimiliki oleh pengerolan yaitu 26 %, sementara ekstrusi hanya mencapai 24 %. Pada pengujian korosi, pengerolan memiliki laju korosi yang lebih tinggi dibanding laju korosi ekstrusi yaitu 5,7 mmpy dalam larutan Ringer. Kedua proses termodinamik ini mempunyai peluang sebagai material implan yang mudah larut dalam tubuh, namun pengerolan lebih di rekomendasi baik dari sifat mekanik maupun laju korosi yang lebih terkontrol. Mg-1,6Gd (wt%) alloys has potential as a degradable materials implant. The addition of Gd in magnesium and then subsequently processed through thermo-mechanics aims to improve mechanical properties such as hardness, strength, toughness, ductility and can also control the rate of corrosion in the biological environment.Mechanical can be changed by the small addition of Gd (1.6wt%) into Mg are then is processed through extrusion and rolling which are associated with grain size and phase. The thermomechanical process was carried out at a recrystallization temperature (400-550 °C). Mg-1,6Gd alloys was hot rolled with a reduction of 95%. The examination is carried out at a labor scale using metallographic steps and tensile testing with a standard of ASTM E8. Hardness test use the Hardness Vicker with 300 grams and held for 15 seconds. This examination is followed by testing the rate of corrosion using intravenous fluids. The results showed that there was a significant change in grain size in the Mg-1,6Gd alloys after the thermomechanical process, especially in the hot extrusion which reached 14 ?m, but the highest hardness was found in the rolling process which reached 50 HVN. A number of precipitates are found in micro structures that can affect violence due to rolling. The mechanical properties of the Mg-1,6Gd alloys are also affected by the precipitate, where the highest strength is 197 MPa on rolling compared to extrusion reaching only 187 MPa. However, the greatest tenacity is owned by rolling, which is 26%, while extrusion only reaches 24%. In corrosion testing, rolling has a higher corrosion rate than the extrusion corrosion rate of 5.7 mmpy in Ringer's solution. Both of these thermodynamic processes have opportunities as a degradable materials implant, but rolling is more recommended both in terms of mechanical properties and corrosion rates.
PENGARUH WAKTU TEKAN DAN UKURAN PARTIKEL KULIT TUSAM (Pinus merkusii Jungh. et. de Vr.) TERHADAP KUALITAS PAPAN PARTIKEL Asfarizal Saad; Anwar Kasim; Gunawarman Gunawarman; Santosa Santosa
Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Vol 37, No 3 (2019): Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan
Publisher : Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Hasil Hutan

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.20886/jphh.2019.37.3.171-183

Abstract

Papan partikel tanpa perekat sintetis memiliki peluang untuk dikembangkan menggantikan produk serupa dengan perekat sintetis. Pemanfaatan tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dan kulit tusam sebagai papan partikel merupakan hal yang menarik dan belum banyak diteliti. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh papan partikel yang memenuhi standar SNI 03-2105-2006. Komposisi papan partikel adalah 70% TKKS dan 30% kulit tusam, panjang serat TKKS 0,1-2,0 cm dan kadar air 5-6%. Variasi ukuran partikel kulit tusam adalah lolos saringan 30, 40, dan 50 mesh. Papan partikel dibuat dengan empat variasi waktu kempa panas yaitu 10, 15, 20 dan 25 menit. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa waktu kempa panas 20-25 menit merupakan waktu terbaik untuk pembuatan papan partikel dari tandan kosong kelapa sawit dan kulit tusam. Pada produk papan partikel yang dibuat dengan ukuran partikel kulit tusam 50 mesh diperoleh sifat fisik dan mekanik yang sebagian besar memenuhi SNI 03-2105-2006 untuk papan partikel kerapatan sedang tipe 8, kecuali sifat mekanik MOE belum memenuhi syarat.
ANALISA METALURGI KASUS KEGAGALAN PELAT LOGAM IMPLAN UNTUK FIKASI PATAH TULANG DAN PERBANDINGANNYA DENGAN LOGAM IMPLAN BARU Rusrial Rusrial; Gunawarman Gunawarman
Jurnal Teknik Industri Terintegrasi Vol. 1 No. 1 (2018)
Publisher : Research Center University of Pahlawan Tuanku Tambusai

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31004/jutin.v1i1.74

Abstract

Fractures are the result of pressure that exceeds the ability of bone to withstand the pressure. Principles of fracture treatment include reduction, immobilization, and restore normal function and strength with rehabilitation. Biomaterials is a material that is paired implants in the human body to sustain a broken bone repositioning. Current position to restore the bone to its original state is usually used as a metal plate fixation especially in the internal fixation. Stainless steel is one material that often is used as temporary fixation material and then released after bone connected. In this study, the test specimen is a commercial implant material that is widely used today, such as stainless steel 316L implant which is a material that has the properties of good corrosion resistance that can be accepted by the human body tissues. Stages of the manufacturing process of the specimen consists of the cutting process, the formation and establishment of gauge lenght. The results showed that the tensile strength of the material after the power failure as bone fixation is not much different with the new implant is a metal ± ± 165.8 MPa and 109.42 MPa. From this study, a material which has failed to have a higher tensile strength values ± 56.38 MPa of new metal implants. By looking at the results of microstructure observation can provide information about fault models, the size and number of the different structures. This commercial implant material or greater reduction in cross-sectional area along the cracks and going tug indicate resilient material used. Failures that occur due to the low tensile strength of the metal implants are used as fixation strength compared to standard steel material. low tensile strength is caused by the corrosion of the metal.
PEMANFAATAN EKSTRAK KULIT KAKAO SEBAGAI ADITIF CAT UNTUK PENGENDALIAN LAJU KOROSI PADA PAKU KONSTRUKSI KAPAL KAYU Harri Biora Putra; Jon Affi Affi; Gunawarman Gunawarman; Yuli Yetri
INOVTEK POLBENG Vol 8, No 1 (2018): INOVTEK VOL.8 NO 1 - 2018
Publisher : POLITEKNIK NEGERI BENGKALIS

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (350.871 KB) | DOI: 10.35314/ip.v8i1.272

Abstract

Corrosion on wooden nails is very detrimental because it shortens the life of the ship. Although the used spikes have been coated with corrosion resistance material, corrosion rate is still very harmful. Therefore that additional effort is required for  reducing the corrosion rate of these spikes. Research has been done by comparing the giving of cocoa peels extract as a paint mixer to corrosion rate. As a comparison has also been done nails without paint and nails painted without additional cocoa peels extract. Calculation of corrosion rate is done by weight loss method. The addition of cocoa peels extract showed significant effect on corrosion rate, it can be explained cocoa peels containing secondary metabolite compound one of them is tannin. The tannin compound in the extract can form complex compounds with Fe (III) on the metal surface, so that the corrosion reaction rate will decreas.Keywords: cocoa peels extract, corrosion, weight loss.
LAJU OKSIDASI TITANIUM MURNI (CPTI GRADE TIPE 340) BERLAPIS HYDROXYAPATITE (HA) YANG DISINTER DALAM TUNGKU PERLAKUAN PANAS Desmarita Leni; Gunawarman Gunawarman; Jon Affi; Yuli Yetri
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Vol 3, No 1 (2019)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (450.796 KB) | DOI: 10.25077/metal.3.1.46-50.2019

Abstract

Implants are used for various reasons, such as replacing damaged tissue caused by disease or trauma, as filler and support the healing phase. The general terminology of biocompatibility describes a condition which will not cause harmful interaction between foreign material and the body. Biocompatibility is a system  including physical, chemical, biological, medical, and design aspects. This study is focused on the influence of the coating thickness of hidroxyapatite layer on the rate of oxidation. Pure titanium  coated by HA with thickness variation needs to be tested for oxidation resistance to determine the  coating effectiveness in reducing the rate of oxidation. The rate of oxidation  measured by weight loss method after coated titanium by HA and than heating in a heat furnance. HA coatings obtained by a process of electrophoretic deposition (EPD) with  variation of time between  5 to 35 minutes at a voltage of 40 V with fineness of 30 µm. The oxidation process was done during the sintering process in a heat furnace for 10 minutes. The result of this study shows that the increase of time EPD increases the thickness of HA layer. Oxidation resistance on CPTi after HA coating does not cause the quality of pure titanium degraded in addition,  the oxidation resistance of HA increases from good grade to excellent grade. It shows that the formation of surface oxide slows down during sintering process.
Effect of Particles Size on EFB Bio-briquettes of Calorific Value Nofriady Handra; Anwar Kasim; Gunawarman
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol 7 No 1 (2017): Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol.7 No.1 April 2017
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LP2M) - ITP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21063/jtm.2017.v7.i1.56-62

Abstract

The development of biomass has been assumed as an important issue in the past several decades and would remain to be attractive in the future due to its clean, renewable, and carbon–neutral properties. Biomass is one of the most important renewable energy resources in the world. In recent decades, the utilization of biomass has dramatically increased. The objective of this research was to knowing effect of particles size on EFB bio-briquettes of calorific value. There were many reasons. First, biomass is a renewable resource, because of the availability of biomass is unlimited, and its regenerative process runs well. Second, the extraction of biomass energy can be carried out more flexibly. The biomass can be burned directly without high technology. Biomass bio-briquettes are often used as an energy source for cooking purpose and in some industries. The 2% (dry basis) is used as a binder in a mixture with EFB fibre. Samples of solid cylindrical shape Ø 4 cm and 6 cm high and density sample is 0,8 g/cm2. The pressure is used to generate samples specified in the mold volume. The volume of the cylinder is 75,36 cm2. The particle size briquette of 40 mesh average water content of 9,1% was generated while the size of 60 mesh was 9,5%. The particle size of 60 mesh (smooth) yields the highest value between 20 mesh and 40 mesh. The value of ash content generated by 4,35% is higher than the size of 20 mesh (2,88%) and 40 mesh (3,09%). On the particle size of 20 mesh fibers (more roughly), it yields a calorific value of 4237,5 kal /g and is higher than 40 mesh fiber particle size (4102,2 kal/g) and 60 mesh (4066,5 kal/g). The difference in heating value produced by the three did not show any significant difference.
Co-Authors - Afrizal Abdul Ajiz, Abdul Afdal Afdal, Afdal Ahmad Kamal Ariffin Anwar Kasim Asfarizal Asfarizal Saad Asfarizal Saad Desmarita Leni Djong Hon Tjong Emriadi - Fonna, Syarizal Harri Biora Putra Ikhsan - - Ilhamdi, Ilhamdi Jon Affi, Jon Juliadmi, Dian Maulana, Imron Menkher Manjas Myrna A Mochtar Nofriady Handra, Nofriady Novesar Jamarun Nuswantoro, Nuzul Ficky Oknovia Susanti Oktaviana, Dili Raden Mohamad Herdian Bhakti Rusrial Rusrial Sanny Ardhy Santosa Santosa Santosa Santosa Santosa Santosa Santosa Sri Harjanto Syifaul Huzni Yanda, Hengki Ebitra Yuli Yetri Yuli Yetri Yuli Yetri -