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All Journal International Journal of Advances in Applied Sciences Jurnal MEKANIKAL Jurnal Ilmiah Poli Rekayasa Jurnal Teknik Mesin Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan MEKTRIK Jurnal METTEK (Jurnal Ilmiah Nasional Dalam Bidang Ilmu Teknik Mesin) JMPM (Jurnal Material dan Proses Manufaktur) Jurnal Surya Teknika INOVTEK POLBENG Menara Ilmu Jurnal Metalurgi dan Material Indonesia Jurnal Teknik Mesin Jurnal Penelitian Hasil Hutan Jurnal Teknik Industri Terintegrasi (JUTIN) Jurnal Riset Teknologi Pencegahan Pencemaran Industri Jurnal Teknik Mesin Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -science and engineering- (JOMAse) METAL : Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal
G Gunawarman, G
Andalas University
Aerospace Engineering Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Automotive Engineering Chemical Engineering, Chemistry & Bioengineering Chemistry Computer Science & IT Control & Systems Engineering Decision Sciences, Operations Research & Management Earth & Planetary Sciences Education Energy Engineering Environmental Science Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering Materials Science & Nanotechnology Mathematics Mechanical Engineering Physics

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Effect of Particles Size on EFB Bio-briquettes of Calorific Value Nofriady Handra; Anwar Kasim; Gunawarman
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol 7 No 1 (2017): Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol.7 No.1 April 2017
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LP2M) - ITP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21063/jtm.2017.v7.i1.56-62

Abstract

The development of biomass has been assumed as an important issue in the past several decades and would remain to be attractive in the future due to its clean, renewable, and carbon–neutral properties. Biomass is one of the most important renewable energy resources in the world. In recent decades, the utilization of biomass has dramatically increased. The objective of this research was to knowing effect of particles size on EFB bio-briquettes of calorific value. There were many reasons. First, biomass is a renewable resource, because of the availability of biomass is unlimited, and its regenerative process runs well. Second, the extraction of biomass energy can be carried out more flexibly. The biomass can be burned directly without high technology. Biomass bio-briquettes are often used as an energy source for cooking purpose and in some industries. The 2% (dry basis) is used as a binder in a mixture with EFB fibre. Samples of solid cylindrical shape Ø 4 cm and 6 cm high and density sample is 0,8 g/cm2. The pressure is used to generate samples specified in the mold volume. The volume of the cylinder is 75,36 cm2. The particle size briquette of 40 mesh average water content of 9,1% was generated while the size of 60 mesh was 9,5%. The particle size of 60 mesh (smooth) yields the highest value between 20 mesh and 40 mesh. The value of ash content generated by 4,35% is higher than the size of 20 mesh (2,88%) and 40 mesh (3,09%). On the particle size of 20 mesh fibers (more roughly), it yields a calorific value of 4237,5 kal /g and is higher than 40 mesh fiber particle size (4102,2 kal/g) and 60 mesh (4066,5 kal/g). The difference in heating value produced by the three did not show any significant difference.
The Effect of Pressure and Temperature on The Particle Board Manufacture from Palm Oil Empty Bunches and Pine Bark Asfarizal; Anwar Kasim; Gunawarman; Santosa
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol 9 No 1 (2019): Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol.9 No.1 April 2019
Publisher : Lembaga Penelitian dan Pengabdian Masyarakat (LP2M) - ITP

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.21063/jtm.2019.v9.i1.1-5

Abstract

The manufacture of particle boards without synthetic adhesives is influenced by the composition of the material, temperature, time, pressure, particle size and method of manufacture. The pressure of one important parameter and its variations often produce different properties. Pine skin is a waste that is not valuable and just wasted. Making particle boards from palm oil empty bunches and pine bark waste is an interesting and new thing. Pinus merkusii leather powder is used as an added ingredient, its composition is 70% tkks and 30% pine merkusii powder with 5-6% moisture content, dry based. The fiber lengths are 0.1-2.0 cm and pressures are 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 kg.cm-2, temperature 150, 160, 170, 180 and 190ºC. The standard for particle board reference and bending test is SNI 03-2105-2006 and ASTM D1037. The result show of working pressure and heating temperature affect the density, moisture content and MOR. Increasing pressure and temperature tend to increase the MOR value and increase in temperature above 190oC, the MOR value decreases.
PERILAKU KOROSI TITANIUM TIPE β JENIS BARU, Ti-12Cr DALAM LINGKUNGAN 3% NaCl Nurbaiti Nurbaiti; Gunawarman Gunawarman; Jon Affi
Jurnal MEKANIKAL Vol 8, No 1 (2017): Jurnal Mekanikal Januari 2017
Publisher : Jurnal MEKANIKAL

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (256.37 KB)

Abstract

Penelitian terhadap material dari paduan Titanium yang dikembangkan untuk aplikasi biomedis sangat diminati, khususnya paduan Titanium tipe b,karena paduan ini mempunyai sifat biokompatibeldan sifat mekanik yang bisa dikontrol. Namun demikian harga Titanium tipe b masih dijual dengan harga yang relatif mahal, karena mengandung banyak unsur paduan. Oleh karena itu paduan Titanium tipe b yang mempunyai hanya 1 paduan seperti Ti-12Cr mulai dikembangkan untuk bahan implan. Paduan ini sebenarnya khusus dikembangkan untuk penyangga tulang punggung. Saat ini penelitian paduan Ti-12Cr baru sampai pada tahap pengujian sifat mekanik.Berapa lama paduan Ti-12Cr dapat bertahan dalam tubuh manusia hingga terkorosi belum diketahui secara pasti, sehingga kajian perilaku korosi dari paduan ini perlu diklarifikasi.Sebelum pengujian korosi, karakterisasi paduan Ti-12Cr telah dilakukan menggunakan SEM, EDXdan uji keras.Hasil ini kemudian dibandingkan dengan Ti-12Cr setelah direndam dalam larutan NaCl 3%.Variasi perendaman dilakukan adalah 2, 4 dan 6 minggu.Pengurangan berat selama perendaman dihitung dengan timbangan digital OHAUS PioneerTM dengan membandingkan massa sebelum dan sesudah perendaman.Setelah perendaman struktur mikro Ti-12Cr menunjukkan adanya bintik-bintik hitam yang menunjukkan adanya korosi serta harga kekerasan mengalami peningkatan. Laju korosi dari Ti-12Cr hasil perendaman 2, 4 dan 6 minggu berturut-turut adalah 0,0267; 0,0283 dan 0,0380 mmpy. Korosi yang terjadi pada paduan Ti-12Cr disebabkan oleh adanya reaksi kimia antara paduan tersebut dengan larutan NaCl 3% (mengandung H2O dan NaCl)berupa Oksida yang terbentuk dipermukaan paduan Ti-12Cr yaitu TiO2 dan Cr2O3, hal ini juga diperkuat dengan hasil EDX yang menunjukkan adanya kandungan Oksigen dipermukaan paduan Ti-12Cr yang terkorosi.Key words: biomedis, Ti-12Cr, perilaku korosi, SEM, NaCl 3%.
Addition of Zirconium Oxide for Reduction of Hydroxyapatite Layer Cracks in Ti-6Al-4V ELI Implant Materials for Improved Osseointegration Sanny Ardhy; Gunawarman Gunawarman; Jon Affi; Yuli Yetri
METAL: Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal Vol 6, No 2 (2022): Jurnal Sistem Mekanik dan Termal (METAL)
Publisher : Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Andalas

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25077/metal.6.2.95-101.2022

Abstract

The hydroxyapatite (HA) layer on the surface of the implant material tends to crack during the sintering process for layer densification. This causes the process of implant union with bone (osseointegration) does not function perfectly in the human body. This study aims to reduce cracking by increasing the adhesion of the HA layer on the surface of the Ti-6Al-4V Extra Low Intertitial (ELI) implant material. The research used the dip coating method to get a thin and even layer. To strengthen the adhesion of the coating, Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2) was added in commercial HA suspension. The test specimens were heated at sintering temperatures of 800 0C, 900 0C and 950 0C with a heating rate of 5 0C /minute. Layer morphology and cracks were seen using an optical microscope. The percentage of layer cracks will be measured using ImageJ software. The results obtained, the addition of ZrO2 can reduce cracks in the HA layer of the surface of the test specimen. The percentage of cracks decrease with the addition of ZrO2 (17% and 20% weight) to the suspension of the HA layer. These result is certainly good for increasing osseointegration in the human body.
Analisis Sifat Mekanik dan Karakteristik Fisik Campuran Hidroksiapatit dari Tulang Sapi, Silika dengan Pengikat Resin sebagai Kandidat Implan Tulang Yanda, Hengki Ebitra; Gunawarman, Gunawarman; Affi, Jon; Yetri, Yuli
Jurnal Teknik Mesin Vol 17 No 2 (2024): Jurnal Teknik Mesin
Publisher : Politeknik Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.30630/jtm.17.2.1608

Abstract

Ceramic biomaterials based on hydroxyapatite (HA) and silica have been extensively studied due to their load-bearing capabilities in bone replacement and reconstruction applications. This study presents an analysis of the mechanical properties and physical characteristics of a mixture of bovine bone hydroxyapatite and silica with a resin binder as a candidate for bone implants. the objective of this research is to examine the effect of the quantity of hydroxyapatite grains and the composition of silica reinforcement particles on the mechanical and physical properties of the product. The methodology involves mixing bovine bone hydroxyapatite and silica in ratios of 90:10, 80:20, and 70:30. Subsequently, the specimens were molded and subjected to tensile tests to determine their tensile strength and elongation. Surface morphology analysis was conducted using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), while functional group and crystallographic analyses were performed using FTIR and XRD. the results indicate that the 70:30 composition provided the best outcomes, with a tensile strength of 13.07 MPa, compared to the 90:10 and 80:20 compositions, which had tensile strengths of 6.68 MPa and 12.96 MPa, respectively. The microstructure of the surface after tensile testing shows that the addition of silica can increase mechanical strength and reduce the porosity of the specimen surface.
Hydroxyapatite Bilayers Coating on Screw Implant Ti6Al4V ELI with Electrophoretic Deposition Method for Improving Osseointegration Juliadmi, Dian; Oktaviana, Dili; Tjong, Djong Hon; Manjas, Menkher; Gunawarman, Gunawarman
Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -science and engineering- Vol 51 No 1 (2018): Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -science and engineering- (JOMAse)
Publisher : International Society of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -scientists and engineers- (ISOMAse)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.36842/jomase.v51i1.42

Abstract

Utilization of an alloy titanium (particularly Ti6Al4V), as fracture fixation in biomedical application has restriction because of will associate with osseointegration failure. An effort to titanium coating by hydroxyapatite monolayer still has poor mechanical properties and may lead to implantation failure. Hydroxyapatite bilayers coating aims to protect releasing hazardous ions from implant to the body and improving the osseointegration at the same time. In this research, nanoparticle hydroxyapatite (first layers) and microparticle hydroxyapatite (second layers) were used as coating materials on implant prototype of Ti6Al4V ELI screws. The coating was carried out by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method used different voltage (2 and 3 volt) for deposition time of 2 and 3 minutes for forming first layers. The process was then continuing for making second layer at 5 and 10 volt for 2 and 5 minutes. In order to intensify of coatings, hydroxyapatite bilayers-coated titanium was air-dried overnight and then sintered at 700oC for 1 hour. The coating layers were characterized by optical microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and thickness gauge series tester. Result of the study show that nanoparticle hydroxyapatite layers are more uniform, thin, dense than microparticle hydroxyapatite layer. Moreover, the second layer shows less adhesion. The obtained voltage and deposition time for best bilayers coating characteristic are 2 volt/3 minutes for nanoparticles hydroxyapatite and 5volt/5minutes for microparticles hydroxyapatite. By approximately 71%-100% surface coverage and 56µm thickness of bilayers coating, that parameters can be considered to improve osseointegration.
Hydroxyapatite Coating on New Type Titanium, TNTZ, Using Electrophoretic Deposition Nuswantoro, Nuzul Ficky; Maulana, Imron; Tjong, Djong Hon; Manjas, Menkher; Gunawarman, Gunawarman
Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -science and engineering- Vol 56 No 1 (2018): Journal of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -science and engineering- (JOMAse)
Publisher : International Society of Ocean, Mechanical and Aerospace -scientists and engineers- (ISOMAse)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (147.205 KB) | DOI: 10.36842/jomase.v56i1.37

Abstract

In order to improve bioactivity of new type of titanium alloy, TNTZ, Hydroxyapatite (HA) coating is applied. Electrophoretic Deposition (EPD) has chosen as coating method because the simplicity of the instrument and its making, inexpensive cost, and ability to coat things with complicated design. EPD used electric current to move the HA particle through electrode in the suspension of ethanol and HA. Desired HA coating quality can be adjusted with optimizing the voltage and coating time. This research aimed to analyzed the effect of voltage and coating time of EPD process toward the HA coating that produced on the surface of new type titanium implant prototype, Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr (TNTZ). Voltages are in range of 3, 5, and 7 volt and coating times are in range of 3, 5, and 7 minutes. Based on the result it is known that the best HA coating that can be produced are on 7 minutes and 7 volt. This best result shows the good surface morphology, highest value of screw mass growth, coating thickness, and surface coverage. Enhancement of voltage will affect the surface coverage value of HA coating, however, coating time will affect the thickness. Based on this research it can be concluded that enhancement of the voltage can produced HA coating that spread more evenly that proved by the increasing of surface coverage value. The enhancement of coating time will produce thicker layer of HA coating and increase deposition rate of HA on the implant surface. This result shows that the EPD can be used to produce TNTZ titanium implant that coated with HA for orthopedic application.
Co-Authors - Afrizal Abdul Ajiz, Abdul Afdal Afdal, Afdal Ahmad Kamal Ariffin Anwar Kasim Asfarizal Asfarizal Saad Asfarizal Saad Desmarita Leni Djong Hon Tjong Emriadi - Fonna, Syarizal Harri Biora Putra Ikhsan - - Ilhamdi, Ilhamdi Jon Affi, Jon Juliadmi, Dian Maulana, Imron Menkher Manjas Myrna A Mochtar Nofriady Handra, Nofriady Novesar Jamarun Nuswantoro, Nuzul Ficky Oknovia Susanti Oktaviana, Dili Raden Mohamad Herdian Bhakti Rusrial Rusrial Sanny Ardhy Santosa Santosa Santosa Santosa Santosa Santosa Santosa Sri Harjanto Syifaul Huzni Yanda, Hengki Ebitra Yuli Yetri Yuli Yetri Yuli Yetri -