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Parental characteristics (education level) risk of stunting in toddlers Yunani, Yunani; Yuniastini, Yuniastini; Purwati, Purwati; Murhan, Al; Udani, Giri
THE JOURNAL OF Mother and Child Health  Concerns Vol. 4 No. 8 (2025): November Edition
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerjasama dengan Persatuan Perawat Nasional Indonesia (PPNI)

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/mchc.v4i8.1462

Abstract

Background: Stunting is a condition where children experience stunted growth due to chronic malnutrition, especially during the first 1.000 days of life. This condition can have long-term impacts on a child's physical, cognitive, and social development. According to data from the World Health Organization (WHO), globally, about 22% of children under five years old experience stunting, with higher prevalence found in developing countries, including Indonesia. In Indonesia, the prevalence of stunting reached 24.4% in 2021, making it one of the significant public health challenges. Data from the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia shows that various factors contribute to stunting, including environment, economy, and parental characteristics, particularly education level. Research indicates that parents with higher education levels tend to understand the importance of nutrition and child health better, thus reducing the risk of stunting. In Lampung Province, the prevalence of stunting has also become a concern, with a figure reaching 28.3% in 2022. Geographic, social, and economic factors in Lampung can affect parents' knowledge and behavior in maintaining children's health. Purpose: to determine the distribution of risk factors for stunting in toddlers in Noto Harjo village. The specific objective is to determine the prevalence of stunting incidents in toddlers in Noto Harjo village based on Z-Score values, to detect parental characteristics including education level and child development monitoring behavior. Method: This study is designed as quantitative research using a survey design. The total population and sample of all toddlers in the Noto Harjo sub-district is 224 people, with 112 samples taken through observation techniques (height measurement), interviews with the parents of toddlers, and documentation studies. Data analysis uses a descriptive approach. Results: The research results show that the stunting rate is 21.4 percent, which is almost the same as the prevalence of stunting in Indonesia (21.6 percent). However, the government aims to achieve a stunting rate of 14% by 2024. To achieve this, various collaborative efforts are needed. Conclusion: The research results show that the prevalence of stunting in toddlers in Notoharjo Village reaches 21.4%. This is nearly equivalent to the national prevalence of stunting in Indonesia, which stands at 21.6%. However, this prevalence is still far above the government target of 14% by 2024. This indicates that stunting requires more intensive handling, which includes nutritional interventions, raising community awareness, and better policy support. It is hoped that all parties will work together to achieve the stunting reduction target, so that children in Indonesia can grow up healthy and optimally.
Sosialisasi perilaku hidup sehat dalam upaya pencegahan stroke Udani, Giri; Amperaningsih, Yuliati; Murhan, Al
JOURNAL of Public Health Concerns Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): JOURNAL of Public Health Concerns
Publisher : Indonesian Public Health-Observer Information Forum (IPHORR) Kerja sama dengan: Unit Penelitian dan Pengabdian Kep Akademi Keperawatan Baitul Hikmah

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.56922/phc.v6i1.2531

Abstract

Background: Hypertension (high blood pressure) is a leading cause of stroke, both ischemic and hemorrhagic. For people with hypertension, blood pressure in the arteries is too high, usually consistently above 140/90 mmHg. The public health prevalence of hypertension in Pringsewu Regency is 26.82%. Limited information on preventing stroke and degenerative diseases (such as hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease) and the lack of routine health check-ups contribute to the high incidence of these diseases. This is exacerbated by unhealthy lifestyles, lack of physical activity, and poor diet. Interventions in the form of health education are crucial and effective steps to reduce the number of degenerative diseases in the community, especially to address the lack of knowledge about prevention and healthy living practices. Purpose: To increase knowledge and understanding among people with hypertension about the risks and prevention of stroke. Method: The activity was held on Friday, December 5, 2025 at 07.30 at the Village Hall, Pekon Yogyakarta Selatan, Gadingrejo, Pringsewu Regency. Involving 36 elderly Prolanis with hypertension as participants and also attended by cadres, village midwives and village officials. The goal of this activity is to provide education about hypertension and healthy lifestyle management for the elderly in preventing the risk of stroke. Educational activities in the form of interactive promotion were carried out with a community-based approach that involved active participation, two-way dialogue, and empowerment of individuals or groups. The activity was carried out through interactive lectures and discussions assisted by leaflets, prolaris exercise assistance and health checks. Measurements were categorized as blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, and uric acid. Meanwhile, BMI was categorized as underweight, normal (ideal), overweight, and obesity. Evaluation was delivered descriptively based on observations as the results of achievements in the implementation of the activity. Results: Obtained data that most of the participants' blood pressure was in the normal category of 63.9%, the majority of participants' fasting sugar levels were in the high category of 80.6%, most of the participants had high uric acid levels of 86.1%, and most of the participants' cholesterol levels were in the normal category of 63.9%. Meanwhile, for the participants' BMI, 4 people were underweight, 16 people were ideal, 10 people were overweight, and 6 people were obese. There was an increase in participants' knowledge regarding the meaning of stroke, stroke prevention, causes of stroke, understanding of healthy lifestyles, and understanding of healthy eating patterns. There was a commitment to changing attitudes and behaviors including implementing a healthy lifestyle independently, conducting regular health screenings, doing regular exercise activities, and consuming low-salt foods. Conclusion: Health education activities for hypertension patients using a direct community approach, accompanied by health checks, are highly effective in increasing public knowledge and understanding of stroke prevention. Increased public knowledge about stroke prevention management contributes positively to independent stroke prevention measures, thereby improving community health. Suggestion: Participants in this activity are expected to adopt a healthy lifestyle, engage in regular physical activity such as exercise (morning walks, Prolanis exercises), drink enough water, sleep at least 6-7 hours per day, reduce salt and fat intake, and eat plenty of fruits and vegetables. Cadres are also expected to be more active in mobilizing the elderly community to support Prolanis activities and monitor their health to reduce the risk of stroke. Keywords: Community health; Elderly; Health education; Hypertension; Stroke prevention Pendahuluan: Hipertensi (tekanan darah tinggi) adalah salah satu penyebab utama stroke, baik stroke iskemik maupun hemoragik. Bagi penderita Hipertensi merupakan kondisi ketika tekanan darah dalam arteri terlalu tinggi, dan biasanya di atas 140/90 mmHg secara konsisten. Kondisi kesehatan masyarakat di Kabupaten Pringsewu memiliki prevalensi hipertensi sebesar 26.82%. Keterbatasan informasi mengenai pencegahan stroke dan penyakit degeneratif (seperti hipertensi, diabetes, jantung) serta jarangnya pemeriksaan kesehatan rutin menyebabkan tingginya kasus penyakit tersebut. Hal ini diperparah oleh gaya hidup tidak sehat, kurang aktivitas fisik, dan pola makan buruk. Intervensi berupa edukasi kesehatan merupakan langkah krusial dan efektif untuk menekan angka penyakit degeneratif di masyarakat, terutama untuk mengatasi kurangnya pengetahuan tentang pencegahan dan penanganan hidup sehat. Tujuan: Meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman pada penderita hipertensi tentang risiko stroke dan pencegahannya. Metode: Kegiatan dilaksanakan pada hari Jumat tanggal 05 Desember 2025 pada jam 07.30 di balai Desa, Pekon Yogyakarta Selatan, Gadingrejo Kabupaten Pringsewu. Melibatkan 36 lansia Prolanis yang mengalami hipertensi menjadi peserta dan dihadiri juga para kader, bidan desa dan aparatur desa. Sasaran kegiatan ini adalah memberikan edukasi tentang hipertensi dan manajemen pola hidup sehat pada lansia dalam mencegah risiko stroke. Kegiatan edukasi berupa promotif interaktif dilakukan dengan pendekatan berbasis komunitas yang melibatkan partisipasi aktif, dialog dua arah, dan pemberdayaan individu atau kelompok. Kegiatan dilaksanakan melalui ceramah interaktif dan diskusi dibantu media leaflet, pendampingan senam prolaris dan pemeriksaan kesehatan. Pengukuran dengan kategori nilai ukur tekanan darah, gula darah puasa, kolesterol total, dan asam urat. Sedangkan untuk IMT dikategorikan underweight, normal (ideal), overweight, dan obesitas. Evaluasi disampaikan secara deskriptif berdasarkan observasi sebagai hasil pencapaian dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan. Hasil: Mendapatkan data bahwa sebagian besar tekanan darah peserta berada dalam kategori normal sebesar 63.9%, mayoritas kadar gula (puasa) peserta dalam kategori tinggi sebesar 80.6%, sebagian besar peserta memiliki kadar asam urat kategori tinggi sebesar 86.1%, dan sebagian besar kadar kolesterol peserta berada dalam kategori normal sebesar 63.9%. Sedangkan untuk IMT peserta adalah sebanyak 4 orang underweight, sebanyak 16 orang ideal, sebanyak 10 orang overweight, dan sebanyak 6 orang obesitas. Terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan peserta terkait pengertian stroke, pencegahan stroke, penyebab terjadinya stroke, pengertian pola hidup sehat, dan pengertian pola makan sehat. Adanya komitmen dalam perubahan sikap dan perilaku meliputi menerapkan pola hidup sehat secara mandiri, melakukan skrining kesehatan secara rutin, melakukan aktifitas olah raga yang teratur, dan mengonsumsi makanan rendah garam. Simpulan: Kegiatan edukasi kesehatan pada penderita hipertensi dengan pendekatan komunitas langsung yang disertai pemeriksaan kesehatan, sangat efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan dan pemahaman masyarakat tentang pencegahan stroke. Peningkatan pengetahuan masyarakat tentang tatalaksana pencegahan stroke berkontribusi positif pada tindakan pencegahan stroke secara mandiri sehingga akan berdampak meningkatkan derajat kesehatan komunitas. Saran: Diharapkan kepada peserta yang mengikuti kegiatan ini untuk menerapkan pola hidup sehat, aktifitas fisik yang teratur seperti olahraga (jalan pagi, senam prolanis), cukup minum air putih, tidur minimal 6-7 jam per hari, kurangi konsumsi garam dan lemak, banyak makan buah dan sayur. Diharapkan juga kepada para kader untuk lebih giat menggerakkan para masyarakat lansia dalam mendukung kegiatan prolanis dan melakukan monitoring kesehatan lansia demi mengurangi risiko stroke.