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All Journal Humanus: Jurnal ilmiah Ilmu-ilmu Humaniora LiNGUA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa dan Sastra Arabiyatuna : Jurnal Bahasa Arab JOLLT Journal of Languages and Language Teaching Journal of Pragmatics and Discourse Research Studies in English Language and Education Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage
Reflinaldi, Reflinaldi
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Religion Arts Humanities Civil Engineering, Building, Construction & Architecture Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences

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How to Build Strategic Communication: Speech Act Analysis on King Salman’s Speeches at the United Nations General Assembly Reflinaldi, Reflinaldi; Faisol, Yufni; Hadi, Syofyan; Ilyas, Erizal
Journal of Pragmatics and Discourse Research Vol 4, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : ppjbsip

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.51817/jpdr.v4i1.742

Abstract

This research aims to explain the strategic communication used by King Salman at the United Nations General Assembly. A qualitative-explanatory design was applied to study King Salman's two speeches at the UN General Assembly in 2020 and 2021. Data collection was carried out through the stages of transcription, reading, printing, tabulation, coding, and classification. Meanwhile, data analysis that follows the framework of the form and function of illocutionary speech acts is carried out through the stages of description, selection, analysis and interpretation, and conclusion. The results show that there are four types of speech acts in King Salman's speech. The author found assertive speech acts in 47 data (49.5%), directive in 15 data (15.8%), commissive in 5 data (5.2%), and expressive in 28 data (29.5%). These forms of speech acts have various functions aimed at communicating the strategic dimensions of Saudi Arabian policy. Politically, the form and function of these speech acts seek to emphasize and improve Saudi Arabia's bargaining position in international geopolitical dynamics.
Idiulūjiyyah wasāʼil al-iʽlām al-jamāhīriyyah al-Indūnisiyyah ʽibar al-internet fi naql akhbār aş-şirāʽ as-siyāsī fī asy-syarq al-awsa Faisol, Yufni; Hadi, Syofyan; Reflinaldi, Reflinaldi
Heritage of Nusantara: International Journal of Religious Literature and Heritage Vol. 10 No. 1 (2021): HERITAGE OF NUSANTARA
Publisher : Center for Research and Development of Religious Literature and Heritage

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31291/hn.v10i1.604

Abstract

This study aims to explore the forms of information reproduction in online mass media, with specific issues on Middle East conflicts. The present study adopts a qualitative descriptive model. The data were collected from the news reports on the Syrian conflicts by some leading online news platforms such as Republika, Kompas and Tempo. The data were taken from January to October 2018 and were analyzed using the qualitative analysis stages of the Miles and Huberman model. The research findings indicate that each mass media has differences in reproducing Middle East conflict information, in terms of their data source and point of view of news reporting. Republika tends to take the opposition's point of view to the Syrian government so that it puts the United States and its allies as its main subject. On the contrary, Kompas departed from the point of view of sympathy for the Syrian government and its allies, jeopardizing the United States and its allies in reporting. The third media, Tempo, takes the point of view of narrating events chronologically and focuses a lot on humanitarian issues in the news they deliver.
Hacking Threat in Arab Cyberspace: Appraisal Analysis on Al-Hakirz Al-Muslimun’s Hacktivism Narratives Reflinaldi, Reflinaldi; Rahmi, Awliya; Rezi, Melisa; Syahidin, Amal
Journal of Languages and Language Teaching Vol 12, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/jollt.v12i1.9671

Abstract

This research aims to describe the negotiation of the attitude of the hacker group الهاكرز المسلمون (al-hākirz al-muslimūn) 'Muslim hackers' (MH) in the narrative of their hacking threats to the governments of Sweden, Australia and Israel. A descriptive-explanatory design was applied by taking three hacking threat videos on the YouTube channel "Hacker News" as a data source. Data collection was carried out through the stages of transcription, re-reading, printing, and classification. Meanwhile, data analysis referring to the appraisal theoretical framework is carried out through the stages of reduction, presentation, analysis and interpretation, and concluding. The research results showed that affect was found in 11 data (25.0%), judgment in 17 data (38.6%), appreciation in 16 data (36.4%) The type attitude is dominated by judgment and appreciation with negative intentions. This negative attitude is amplified by a force strategy that contains 'volume up' graduations to the highest level. MH stated its position firmly and strongly by making subjectivity the sole source. The research results reveal new findings amidst various previous studies which does not explain the speaker's attitude in the threat narrative they provide. As the phenomenon of cyber warfare develops, the threat of MH hacking have a significant impact in exerting political pressure on the object of the threat.
Semantic Relation of Place Toponymy: Reflection of Minangkabau Migration in the West Coast of Sumatra Triana, Hetti Waluati; Kustati, Martin; Nelmawarni, Nelmawarni; Aziz, Zulfadli; Reflinaldi, Reflinaldi
Humanus Vol 21, No 1 (2022)
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Humaniora FBS Universitas Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (1206.765 KB) | DOI: 10.24036/humanus.v21i1.112380

Abstract

This study aims to describe types of meanings and identify the semantic relations of place names, as well as explains the migration in Minangkabau on the West Coast of Sumatra. A qualitative research was used where sources of data were taken from interview, Focus Group Discussion (FGD), and documents. The interview and FGD were conducted to society figures, community leaders and government officials. The documents include the names of 22 sub-districts in 11 districts from four provinces, written sources, and other relics related to the names. The findings show that the place names provide knowledge about the relations of the meaning and socio-cultural values. The relation among the meanings of the place names includes synonymy and antonym that reflects the migration of Minangkabau in West Coast of Sumatra. The results also indicated that toponymy studies are very important because the naming of places has not received attention among the communities and has not been a study of interest.
Critical Discourse Analysis on King Salman’s Speeches at the United Nations General Assembly Reflinaldi, Reflinaldi; Hadi, Syofyan; Khairunnisa, Annisa; Fitrah, Azizah; Rahmi, Awliya; Rezi, Melisa
Humanus Vol 23, No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Pusat Kajian Humaniora FBS Universitas Negeri Padang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24036/humanus.v23i2.127205

Abstract

This study aims to reveal the ideology in King Salman's political speeches at the United Nations General Assembly. A critical qualitative design was applied in analyzing two of King Salman's speeches in 2020 and 2021. In line with the research objectives, the ideological square is used as the theoretical framework for data analysis. The results of microanalysis show that King Salman uses the basic strategy of emphasizing positive things about 'us' in 129 data (58.6%), emphasizing negative things about 'them' in 60 data (27.3%), and de-emphasizing positive things about 'them' in 31 data (14.1%). As for de-emphasizing negative things about ‘us’ not found in the data source. In the microanalysis dimension, among the rhetorical discursive strategies found were actor description in 77 data (35.0%), consensus in 16 data (7.3%), comparison in 6 data (2.7%), values expression in 76 data (34.5%), victimization-criminalization in 30 data (13.6%), and national self-glorification in 15 data (16.9%). Based on this analysis, the general ideologies found in King Salman's speech are nationalism and anti-imperialism. King Salman constructed Saudi Arabia's national identity in international eyes as a philanthropist, humanitarian, peace initiator, and non-violence country. These identities are then represented as the trademark of Saudi Arabia's foreign policy.
Hacking Threat in Arab Cyberspace: How al-Hākirz al-Muslimūn Construct Narratives against Zionists and Anti-Islamists Reflinaldi, Reflinaldi; Rahman, Bobbi Aidi; Rahmi, Awliya; Rezi, Melisa
Arabiyatuna: Jurnal Bahasa Arab Vol. 7 No. 2 November (2023)
Publisher : Institut Agama Islam Negeri Curup

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29240/jba.v7i2.8156

Abstract

The attack on the al-Aqsa mosque on April 6, 2023, and the burning of the Qur'an on January 21, 2023, have sparked a reaction from hacker group who call themselvesالهاكرز المسلمون  (al-hākirz al-muslimūn) 'Muslim Hackers' (MH). Through the “Hacker News” YouTube channel, they threaten to hack several strategic and vital facilities of the Israeli and Swedish governments. About this phenomenon, this study aims to explain the construction of their threat narratives to those whom they call Zionists and anti-Islamists. Explanative qualitative research was conducted to answer research questions consisting of the formulation of themes, sequence of the scheme, and micro linguistic elements. Research data in the form of 2 videos of MH hacking threats were collected through manual transcription, reading and observation, printing, selection, and classification. Meanwhile, data analysis through the stages of reduction, presentation, analysis, interpretation, and conclusion was carried out by referring to Teun van Dijk's discourse structure model as an analytical framework. The results of the thematic structure analysis show that the theme highlights the actions as a response to attacks on Muslims and Islamic sacred symbols. MH asserts their identity as Muslims explicitly on the theme to attract the audience's attention. In line with these findings, the results of the schematic structure analysis show that the MH threat narrative scheme consists of the cause of threat, form of threat, detail of threat, and impact of threat. Microstructure analysis shows that MH uses clause structures, meaning intentions, and speech acts to launch psychological warfare against Zionists and anti-Islamists. Through this narrative, MH spreads fear with the target of putting political pressure on the Israeli and Swedish governments. Observing the increasingly massive and dynamic phenomenon of cyber warfare, it is predicted that MH's hacking threat narratives will often be found in conflicts and political dynamics in various countries.
Hacking Threat in Arab Cyberspace: Appraisal Analysis on Al-Hakirz Al-Muslimun’s Hacktivism Narratives Reflinaldi, Reflinaldi; Rahmi, Awliya; Rezi, Melisa; Syahidin, Amal
Journal of Languages and Language Teaching Vol. 12 No. 1 (2024): January
Publisher : Universitas Pendidikan Mandalika

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.33394/jollt.v12i1.9671

Abstract

This research aims to describe the negotiation of the attitude of the hacker group الهاكرز المسلمون (al-hākirz al-muslimūn) 'Muslim hackers' (MH) in the narrative of their hacking threats to the governments of Sweden, Australia and Israel. A descriptive-explanatory design was applied by taking three hacking threat videos on the YouTube channel "Hacker News" as a data source. Data collection was carried out through the stages of transcription, re-reading, printing, and classification. Meanwhile, data analysis referring to the appraisal theoretical framework is carried out through the stages of reduction, presentation, analysis and interpretation, and concluding. The research results showed that affect was found in 11 data (25.0%), judgment in 17 data (38.6%), appreciation in 16 data (36.4%) The type attitude is dominated by judgment and appreciation with negative intentions. This negative attitude is amplified by a force strategy that contains 'volume up' graduations to the highest level. MH stated its position firmly and strongly by making subjectivity the sole source. The research results reveal new findings amidst various previous studies which does not explain the speaker's attitude in the threat narrative they provide. As the phenomenon of cyber warfare develops, the threat of MH hacking have a significant impact in exerting political pressure on the object of the threat.
Lexical cohesion analysis on articles of the Russia-Ukraine conflict in Arabic and English online newspapers Hadi, Syofyan; Triana, Hetti Waluati; Tafiati, Tafiati; Wartiman, Wartiman; Reflinaldi, Reflinaldi
Studies in English Language and Education Vol 11, No 1 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Syiah Kuala

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.24815/siele.v11i1.30977

Abstract

Discourse studies on the Russia-Ukraine conflict have been conducted in the past few years, especially in newspapers. Comparative studies on the media in several countries have been widely carried out; however, none so far focused on comparing Arabic and English newspapers. Thus, this article aimed to examine the lexical cohesion of Arabic and English newspapers to identify each newspapers tendency to represent the conflict. Aljazeera and The Guardian newspaper were designated as subjects of the study, in which five opinions published in March 2022 by each newspaper were purposively selected as data sources. Data was collected through internet archival documentation techniques and analysed by referring to the lexical cohesion theory framework proposed by Halliday and Matthiessen (2013). The results showed that repetition was the dominant cohesive device used in Aljazeera, whereas repetition and collocation were the most used lexical cohesion devices in The Guardian. The use of these lexical cohesion devices showed that Aljazeera took a neutral position in representing conflicts and actors. On the other hand, The Guardian tended to side with Ukraine while framing Russia and Putin negatively. Differences in these tendencies were due to the differences in interests. Aljazeera could stay impartial because Qatar had no political interests in the conflict. By contrast, The Guardian was positioning itself against Russia and Putin because Britain had economic and geopolitical interests in the conflict.
DISCURSIVE STRATEGIES IN HACKTIVISM DISCOURSE: REVEALING IDEOLOGY IN AL-HAKIRZ AL-MUSLIMUN’S HACKING THREAT Reflinaldi, Reflinaldi; Ilyas, Erizal; Rahmi, Awliya; Rezi, Melisa; Syahidin, Amal; Aini, Resty Syahrotul
LiNGUA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa dan Sastra Vol 19, No 2 (2024): LiNGUA
Publisher : Laboratorium Informasi & Publikasi Fakultas Humaniora UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.18860/ling.v19i2.29165

Abstract

This study explores the underlying ideology in the hacktivism discourse of al-hākirz al-muslimūn (MH), a group of Muslim hackers. The objective was to uncover the discursive strategies used by MH in its cyber threats, focusing on how they construct their identity and position themselves in opposition to perceived threats. A critical qualitative design was employed to analyze three videos from the Hacker News YouTube channel, using the ideological square framework as the theoretical lens for data analysis. The results of macroanalysis show that MH used the basic strategy of emphasizing positive 'us' on 11 data (14.67%), emphasizing negative 'them' on 31 data (41.33%), and de-emphasizing positive 'them' on 33 data (44.00%). In the microanalysis dimension, the rhetorical discursive strategies found include actor description amounting to 23 data (31.08%), consensus with a total of 2 data (2.70%), evidentiality reaching 5 data (5.41%), example/illustration with a total of 7 data (9.46%), values expression reaching 14 data (18.92%), number game with a total of 4 data (5.41%), and victimization-criminalization amounting to 20 data (27.03%). The ideological analysis indicated that MH’s discourse is characterized by anti-imperialism, reflecting their defense of oppressed populations and the use of hacking as a form of retribution. Additionally, anti-extremism was evident in the group’s critique of actions perceived as insults to Islam, often tied to extremist ideologies. This study contributes to the understanding of hacktivism as a form of digital activism, emphasizing its role in shaping political discourse and public opinion through cyber threats. It provides insights into the ideological motivations behind hacktivism, showing how groups like MH use digital platforms to challenge global political structures. The implications of this study are significant for future research into hacktivism, particularly in exploring the broader impact of such discourse on global politics, the ethical dimensions of cyber activism, and the potential of multimodal discourse analysis to examine the interplay of textual, visual, and audiovisual elements in discourse interpretation. By applying multimodal discourse analysis, future researchers could explore how audio, visual, and color codes contribute to shaping meaning in hacktivist narratives. This study highlights the complexity of hacktivism and its potential to reshape political narratives and activism in the modern world.
Co-Authors Aini, Resty Syahrotul Aziz, Zulfadli Fitrah, Azizah Ilyas, Erizal Khairunnisa, Annisa Martin Kustati Nelmawarni, Nelmawarni Rahman, Bobbi Aidi Rahmi, Awliya Rezi, Melisa Syahidin, Amal Syofyan Hadi Tafiati, Tafiati Triana, Hetti Waluati Wartiman, Wartiman Yufni Faisol, Yufni