Ida Bagus Subrahmaniam Saitya
Universitas Hindu Negeri I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar

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Journal : Sphatika: Jurnal Teologi

Konsep Monotheisme dalam Bhagavad Gītā Ida Bagus Subrahmaniam Saitya; I Made Ary Hardana Yasa
Sphatika: Jurnal Teologi Vol. 13 No. 1 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Hindu Negeri I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (523.422 KB) | DOI: 10.25078/sphatika.v13i1.1123

Abstract

Sad Darsana are six Indian philosophical systems that are used in the rational logic of human thought to understand the duality of the elements of the universe, the world, and humans. so that dynamic realization occurs independent dualism that stands alone in the absence of interconnection of relations "the principle of consciousness is the true soul and the principle of materiality is the static element of matter and the unity of the two is the stage of human understanding of the entity and the eternality of matter. Eternity evidence of the pluralistic existence of the human soul in Jagadraya is essentially the same, the difference in existence from it is the compensation of life itself for the entity and the eternity of its substance. Excuses in their various forms are real maya, when the senses are shackled by the atomistic operations of objects outside of themselves that cause attachment and desire to dominate life itself, it is possible for God to descend into the world taking various forms of Avatar manifestations.
Kajian Bhagavad Gītā Terhadap Makna Prasadam Bagi Masyarakat Hindu di Bali Ida Bagus Subrahmaniam Saitya; Ni Gusti Ayu Nyoman Meilani
Sphatika: Jurnal Teologi Vol. 12 No. 2 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Hindu Negeri I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (347.511 KB) | DOI: 10.25078/sphatika.v12i2.1130

Abstract

Prasadam in Hinduism is a term in Sanskrit which means God's gift, which is the result or remnant of an offering to Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa who has been purified. In the Hindu community in Bali the term lungura/surudan is better known than the term prasadam. Related to the phenomenon of prasadam, after being investigated, it turns out that the term lunguran/surudan indicates the strata or class of a dish that starts with the offering (bebanten), complete with food, after being offered, the contents of the bakuten turn into lunguran/surudan, which is ready to be enjoyed as a form of grace from Ida Sang Hyang Widhi or Ida Bhatara-Bhatari who has been presented with a sincere heart and has sacred values and is meaningful as prasadham (holy dish). The Bhagavad Gītā states that, those who eat holy food after going through an offering or sacrifice will attain eternal Brahman (God). So there is no reason to think, whether to accept or desire to refuse the blessings of the blessing of Prasadam, because it has previously been offered as a sacred dish for Ida Sang Hyang Widhi Wasa and His manifestations.
Implementasi Ajaran Bhakti Marga Yoga di Bali Ida Bagus Subrahmaniam Saitya; Ni Luh Ratna Sari
Sphatika: Jurnal Teologi Vol. 12 No. 1 (2021)
Publisher : Universitas Hindu Negeri I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (291.16 KB) | DOI: 10.25078/sphatika.v12i1.1268

Abstract

The existence of Banten in the religious activities of Hindus in Bali goes through a long history. In the Yajur Veda book, it is stated that there are offerings made to Gods as a manifestation of Brahman in the form of; gandam, ksatam, puspam, dupam, dipam, toyam, gretam, and soma. Meanwhile, in the Tantrayana teachings which are still very influential in Bali, it is stated that to show a sense of devotion to God one should carry out the concept of Panca Tattwa namely; matsya, mamsa, madhya, mudra, and maithuna. Both Vedic and Tantrayana teachings, and the local minds of the Balinese people, always underlie the offerings in the form of “offerings” which are packaged in symbols of human hope for God's manifestation. Hindus in Bali in practicing dharma bhakti to Him to God by using the means of offering can increase their faith and sradha bhaki and as an indicator of their longing identity.
Konsep Jñāna dalam Bhagavad Gītā Ida Bagus Subrahmaniam Saitya; Adi Suryana
Sphatika: Jurnal Teologi Vol. 13 No. 2 (2022)
Publisher : Universitas Hindu Negeri I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (434.052 KB)

Abstract

In the Bhagavad-gītā there are several concepts that explain the path to Brahman one of which is the Jñāna path. This is certainly interesting if studied in depth about the point of view of this path of consciousness or knowledge. That is why this article attempts to discuss the concept of Jñāna in the Bhagavad-gītā. This study aims to find out (1) Bhagavad-gītā's Statement About Jñāna; (2) The process of the tmā to Brahman using Jñāna; (3) Jñāna as a means of liberation. The theories used to analyze the problem are: Hermeneutics theory from Hans Georg Gadamer, and Value theory from Tarigan. The subject of this research is Bhagavad-gītā. Data collection techniques are literature study and documentation study. The collected data were analyzed by qualitative descriptive analysis method with steps of data collection, data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results show (1) Bhagavad-gītā's statement about Jñāna, namely: Jñāna as a human tool to achieve divine consciousness, Jñāna has the most exalted position of any concept. (2) The process of the tmā to Brahman using Jñāna namely: Suddhā Vikalpa, Bhavana, Suddhā Widya, and uniting with Brahman. (3) Jñāna as a means of liberation, namely: Srawanam, Manana, Nididhyasana, Nirvikalpa. From this research it can be understood the main teachings of Jñāna contained in the Bhagavad-gītā. So this article concludes that Jñāna is one of the most basic and sublime concepts in the Bhagavad-gītā.
Ajaran Tri Guṇa dalam Bhagavad Gītā Ida Bagus Subrahmaniam Saitya; I Gede Sathya Dharma Putra Mahardika
Sphatika: Jurnal Teologi Vol. 14 No. 1 (2023)
Publisher : Universitas Hindu Negeri I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar

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Abstract

Hinduism is a religion that has moral teachings to guide individuals in living this life. With it, individuals can improve their quality of life both physically and psychologically. In Hinduism, there are many teachings that can improve the psyche. One of them is the Tri Guṇa which prohibits us from the natural qualities that exist in individuals which will be discussed according to the Bhagavad Gītā Sacred Library. This research method uses a qualitative descriptive research design. By reviewing the results that have been obtained through literature review, both journals, books, research results, and magazines related to research titles. The research results that have been obtained, analyzed and set forth in the form of a narrative. Tri Guṇa are the three characteristics contained in each individual, namely sāttvam, rājas, and tāmas. This third trait has a tremendous influence on individuals in carrying out life in the world. In the Bhagavad Gītā, the Tri Guṇa originate from Brahman. Therefore, the Tri Guṇa can be used as a way for us to get closer to Him, even to achieve union with Him. The Tri Guṇa in the Bhagavad Gītā explain the knowledge, work activities, and doers stated in the Samkhya, the differences and determination (intelligence) of the Tri Guṇa, and the happiness attained by each of these gunas. With this knowledge, Tri Guṇa really help us to have a better personality and let go moksa
Soteriologi dalam Bhagavad Gītā Jelly, Ni Kadek; Saitya, Ida Bagus Subrahmaniam; Kurniarini, Ni Nyoman Yunike
Sphatika: Jurnal Teologi Vol 15 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Hindu Negeri I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25078/sphatika.v15i2.4232

Abstract

The Bhagavad Gītā, which is part of the Bhishmaparva and also part of the epic Mahabharata, is the most famous religious poem in Sanskrit literature. The Bhagavad Gītā was chosen as the object of research study because the Bhagavad Gītā emphasizes the knowledge of God Almighty, namely the teachings of salvation or soteriology which contains the ultimate goal of human life. The problem formulation found in this research is related to the form, function and meaning of soteriology in the Bhagavad Gītā. This research uses the theory of Hermeneutics. The method used in this study is a qualitative research method with several stages, namely: determining the type of research, looking for data sources both primary and secondary data, determining research instruments, collecting data using literature study methods, document studies, observation methods, and online data search methods. The forms of salvation teachings or soteriology in the Bhagavad Gītā consist of Bhakti Marga Yoga, Karma Marga Yoga, Jnana Marga Yoga, and Raja Marga Yoga. The function of soteriological teachings in the Bhagavad Gītā is that it has two functions, namely a religious function and a social function. And the meaning of soteriology in the Bhagavad Gītā has the meaning of theology, namely God who is seen in the form of Nirguna Brahman and Saguna Brahman. The meaning of Cosmology is that everything that exists comes from God and will be preserved and returned to God. And the meaning of liberation is that it can be achieved if you let go of all the results of worldly actions and ties and by practicing the spiritual path, namely yoga, focusing your mind on God.
KAJIAN TEOLOGI PADA UPACARA KEMATIAN DI BALI: ANALISIS TEKS DAN KONTEKS Harsananda, Hari; Saitya, Ida Bagus Subrahmaniam
Sphatika: Jurnal Teologi Vol 15 No 2 (2024)
Publisher : Universitas Hindu Negeri I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25078/sphatika.v15i2.4240

Abstract

This paper discusses the theological dimensions of the Ngaben death ritual in Bali, focusing on the relationship between Hindu concepts of divinity as outlined in Tattwa texts and the implementation of death rituals. In Hindu theology, the understanding of Brahman, both in its Nirguna (without attributes) and Saguna (with attributes) forms, plays a significant role in shaping the spiritual goals of Balinese Hindus related to eschatology and the attainment of moksha. This research uses a qualitative method with a theological approach. Through an analysis of texts such as Yama Purana Tattwa and Wrhaspati Tattwa, this article examines the meaning and purpose of Ngaben as a ritual for purifying the soul and releasing material elements. This research finds that, although there is a hope for the unification of the soul with God (moksha), the practice of Ngaben is more focused on Bhakti and Karma Marga, which emphasize the existential duality between atman (individual soul) and Brahman, in accordance with the Dvaita Vedanta approach. This indicates a difference between the theological concept of union with God in moksha and its implementation in death rituals in Bali about the importance of the results or conclusions brief.
Pawisik Nabe Dalam Upacara Diksa di Griya Agung Bangkasa Wardana, I Ketut; Saitya, Ida Bagus Subrahmaniam; Ambarnuari, Mery
Sphatika: Jurnal Teologi Vol 16 No 1 (2025)
Publisher : Universitas Hindu Negeri I Gusti Bagus Sugriwa Denpasar

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.25078/sphatika.v16i1.5334

Abstract

Pandita as a clergy has a position and authority in the religious life of Hindu society. The aguron-guron system is an educational system developed by Hinduism to teach knowledge and skills in the religious field. The system is still very relevant to pass on spiritual knowledge in the process of giving birth to a pandita/sulinggih. Research related to pewisik nabe in the diksa kepurusan ceremony of Griya Agung Bongkasa because this griya is one of the old griyas with a long lineage and is committed to developing the aguron-guron system. There are three problems discussed in this study, namely related to the form of the aguro-guron system of Griya Bongkasa, the function of pawisik Nabe in the diksa ceremony at Griya Agung Bangkasa, and the meaning of Hindu theology in pawisik Nabe in the diksa ceremony at Griya Agung Bangkasa. This qualitative research with a theological approach uses Religion theory, structural functionalism theory and symbolic interactionism to dissect the problem so that the data can be presented in a qualitative description. The aguron-guron system in Griya Agung Bangkasa has educational, religious, and social functions. And the last is related to the implications of the aguron-guron system in Griya Agung Bangkasa which raises educational, theological, and sociological implications both internally and externally. This aguron-guron system is special because of the Nabe pawisik at the diksa ceremony at Griya Agung Bangkasa as an effort to improve the quality of aguron-guron education carried out. The exclusive aguron-guron system is the best choice in providing spiritual education. This system can enrich the education system so as to create a holistic education.