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Journal : escience humanity journal

Stone's Revenge: Deconstructing Hierarchy in ‘Cerita Batu’ Lismalinda; Novita, Elmi; Rahardy, Iffah Fauziah; Arianto, Tomi
eScience Humanity Journal Vol 5 No 1 (2024): eScience Humanity Journal Volume 5 Number 1 November 2024
Publisher : Asosiasi Ide Bahasa Kepri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37296/esci.v5i1.219

Abstract

This paper analyzes the short story Cerita Batu through the lens of deconstruction, focusing on the reversal of hierarchical oppositions and the rejection of new hierarchical structures. The analysis identifies key binary oppositions in the text Man/Woman, Living Things/Inanimate Objects, and Happy/Sad and examines how these oppositions function within the narrative. The study highlights how the text initially presents dominant and marginal hierarchies, such as male dominance over female and human superiority over inanimate objects, which are later deconstructed. By reversing these hierarchies, the story reveals the interdependence between opposing elements: men and women, humans and stones, and happiness and sadness. The narrative demonstrates that these binary oppositions are not fixed, but fluid and interconnected, showing how meaning in the text is plural and resistant to singular interpretations. Ultimately, Cerita Batu emphasize the idea that oppositions are mutually constitutive, challenging conventional notions of dominance and subordination.
STRATEGI KESANTUNAN POSITIF DALAM SURAT-MENYURAT BISNIS: ANALISIS PRAGMATIK TERHADAP SURAT-SURAT DALAM OXFORD HANDBOOK Afriana, Afriana; Hanus Tewarat, Sipri; Arianto, Tomi; Lismalinda, Lismalinda
eScience Humanity Journal Vol 5 No 2 (2025): eSience Humanity vol 5.2. May 2025
Publisher : Asosiasi Ide Bahasa Kepri

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37296/esci.v5i2.267

Abstract

This study investigates the application of positive politeness strategies in formal business correspondence written by native English speakers. The research is motivated by the increasing recognition of politeness as a pragmatic tool in maintaining professionalism and managing interpersonal relationships in written communication. Despite numerous studies on digital communication, there is limited analysis of how politeness strategies are systematically employed in conventional business letters. To address this gap, the study analyzes fifteen letters selected from the Oxford Handbook of Commercial Correspondence. Using Brown and Levinson’s (1987) politeness theory and Nickerson’s (1999) typology of business letter components, the research focuses on elements such as salutations, contexts, pre-closes, closings, signatures, and enclosures. A qualitative descriptive approach was used, with the referential identity technique applied to classify and interpret 121 instances of politeness strategies. The results show that the most frequent strategy was the use of appropriate forms of address (45 instances), followed by establishing common ground, expressing optimism, and asserting knowledge. These strategies appeared consistently across letter components, reflecting their dual function as both communicative and relational tools. The findings highlight the central role of linguistic politeness in reinforcing professionalism, fostering mutual respect, and encouraging future cooperation. This study concludes that positive politeness is not merely ornamental, but a vital rhetorical device in written business interaction. Future research may explore how these strategies vary across cultural contexts or adapt in digital business communications.