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All Journal Gorga : Jurnal Seni Rupa Jurnal Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Lekesan: Interdisciplinary Journal of Asia Pacific Arts PRABANGKARA Segara Widya: Jurnal Penelitian Seni Jurnal Penjaminan Mutu Sirok Bastra calaccitra: jurnal film dan televisi Jurnal Penjaminan Mutu Stilistika Bali-Dwipantara Waskita: Seminar Nasional Republik Seni Nusantara EDUKASI Global Art Creativity Conference
I NYOMAN PAYUYASA .
Institut Seni Indonesia Denpasar
Religion Arts Humanities Education Languange, Linguistic, Communication & Media Social Sciences Other

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Journal : Global Art Creativity Conference

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Calon Arang: From Oral Tradition to Text in Pramoedya Ananta Toer’s Narrative for the Advancement of Literary Education Ayu Suciartini, Ni Nyoman; Payuyasa, I Nyoman
Proceeding Bali-Bhuwana Waskita: Global Art Creativity Conference Vol. 5 (2025): Proceedings Bali-Bhuwana Waskita: Global Art Creativity Conference
Publisher : UPT Pusat Penerbitan LP2MPP ISI Bali

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.31091/bbwp.v5i1.640

Abstract

This study examines the narrative transformation of Calon Arang, a Balinese folklore rich in mysticism and local ethics, into a modern literary text reinterpreted by Pramoedya Ananta Toer. The research assumes that Pramoedya did not merely adapt a folktale but carried out an ideological reconstruction of the character Calon Arang as a symbol of female resistance against structural injustice, gender stigma, and patriarchal epistemological hegemony. In Pramoedya's version, the elderly woman, long portrayed as an evil witch, is reimagined as an intelligent, courageous figure who subverts masculine power structures—both royal and religious. The study employs an intertextual approach and critical discourse analysis by comparing the oral narratives of Calon Arang in Balinese tradition—recorded in lontar manuscripts and dramatized in Calonarang performances—with Pramoedya’s literary text. Using postcolonial feminist theory and Paulo Freire’s critical pedagogy, this research explores the potential of Calon Arang as a teaching material that cultivates both local cultural literacy and critical gender awareness in the classroom. Findings show that the transformation of Calon Arang from oral folklore to modern literary text signifies a paradigmatic shift: from a myth of ostracism to a narrative of resistance. Pramoedya’s Calon Arang emerges not as an emblem of evil but as a metaphor for the educated woman oppressed for resisting sexist norms and unequal socio-religious power. The work is thus relevant for inclusion in secondary and higher education literary curricula as a progressive model of critical literacy rooted in local culture. The study concludes that integrating local folklore into modern literature not only enriches the Indonesian literary canon but also opens dialogic spaces across generations, between myth and social critique, and between education and emancipation. Within the context of the Merdeka Curriculum, this study offers a strategic contribution to the development of contextual, transformative, and gender-sensitive literary education.
Co-Authors Arba Wirawan, I Komang Armandio, Michelly Dante Budiyana, Ketut Hery Darmini Darmini Deny Chrisna Putra, I Made Desak Putu Yogi Antari Tirta Yasa Dewi, Ida Ayu Diah Indrani Camuni Diputra, Komang Purna Gangga Lawranta Gede Basuyoga Prabhawita Gusti Ngurah Agung Aditya Putra I B. Hari Kayana Putra I B. Hari Kayana Putra I Dewa Made Darmawan I Gede Adi Surya I Kadek Galang Chandra Deva I Ketut Agus Cahaya Sentana I Ketut Buda I Ketut Buda I Ketut Buda I Komang Frederich Blessy I Made Denny Chrisna P I Made Denny Chrisna Putra I Made Deny Chrisna Putra I Nyoman, suardina I Putu Andika Arya Pratama I Wayan Diana Putra . I Wayan Sauca Widyantara Putra IB. Hari Kayana Putra Ida Bagus Hari Kayana Putra Ida Bagus Harikayana Putra Ida Bagus Putrayasa Kadek Dwiyani Kadek Hengki Primayana . Kadek Yooka Desy Damayu Kadek, Angga Dwiranata Ketut Hery Budiyana Lawranta, Gangga Made Rai Budaya Bumiarta Maemunah Maemunah Ni Kadek Sruja Pegiyanti Nyoman Lia Susanthi Nyoman Lia Susanthi Pande Ayur Sawitar Kumari Prof. Dr. I Made Sutama,M.Pd . Puriartha, I Kadek Puriartha, Kadek Putra, IB Hari Kayana Putra, Ida Bagus Hari Kayana Putri, A.A Puspa Dewi Trisna Putu Kenta Menggala Ruspa Raden Mohamad Herdian Bhakti Raditya Pandet, Putu Rizky Achmad Fadil Suciartini, Ni Nyoman Ayu Sugiarta, I Kadek Sukartika, I Wayan Pradnya Sukron Madani Dwi Prasetyo Sukron Madani Dwi Prasetyo Susanthi, Nyoman Lia Two Yonci, Kevin Wardana, Ali Widhi Asih, Made Widi Putra, Ida Bagus Gede Yasa, Desak Putu Yogi Antari Tirta