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Sukanty, Ni Made Wiasty
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Beneficial Effect of Sumbawa Wild Horse Milk Yogurt on Lipid Profile and Cardiovascular Risk in Rats on a High-Cholesterol Diet Fajriani, Laksmi Nur; Sukanty, Ni Made Wiasty; Putri, Dea Pratiwi Silpia; Febriani, Esya Mariska
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.1129-1135

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death in Indonesia, with a high prevalence due to a high-cholesterol diet that triggers hypercholesterolemia. The use of statins as a long-term pharmacological therapy often causes side effects, so safe natural alternatives are needed. Sumbawa wild horse milk is a potential functional food source that contains essential fatty acids and lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which have probiotic potential. This study aims to evaluate the effect of Sumbawa wild horse milk yogurt on total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, Atherogenic Index (AI), and Cardiac Risk Ratio (CRR) levels in hypercholesterolemic male Wistar rats. A total of 30 rats were divided into six groups: normal, positive control (high-cholesterol diet), negative control (simvastatin), and three treatment groups, T1, T2, and T3, with doses of Sumbawa wild horse milk yogurt of 2, 3, and 4 ml/day, respectively, for 28 days. The results showed a significant decrease in total cholesterol levels (p = 0.006), with the lowest levels observed in the T3 treatment group (95.25 ± 20.17 mg/dL). Although HDL, LDL, IA, and CRR levels did not show significant differences (p > 0.05), a trend of improvement in lipid profiles was observed in the treatment group, characterized by an increase in HDL and a decrease in LDL, AI, and CRR compared to the positive control. The mechanism of cholesterol reduction is thought to be mediated through the activity of LAB, which assimilates cholesterol, facilitates bile acid deconjugation, and produces short-chain fatty acids that inhibit cholesterol absorption. Thus, Sumbawa wild horse milk yogurt has the potential to be a hypocholesterolemic functional food that can improve lipid profiles and reduce the risk of atherosclerosis and CVD.
Fragrant Pandan (Pandanus ammaryllifolius) Leaves Ethanol Extract as an Enhancer of Endogenous Antioxidant Defence under High-Fat Diet Conditions Sukanty, Ni Made Wiasty; Fajriani, Laksmi Nur; Saputra, I Putu Bayu Agus; Ariki, Iptan; Aditya, I Ketut Agus Yura
Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry Vol 14, No 2 (2025)
Publisher : Sunan Kalijaga State Islamic University & Society for Indonesian Biodiversity

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.14421/biomedich.2025.142.1171-1176

Abstract

Excessive fat consumption, especially saturated and trans fatty acids, plays a significant role in metabolic disorders such as obesity, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease through increased oxidative stress. Malondialdehyde (MDA), the end product of lipid peroxidation, serves as a biomarker of oxidative damage, whereas indirect bilirubin acts as an endogenous antioxidant. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of fragrant pandan leaves ethanol extract (FPLEE) in reducing MDA levels and modulating indirect bilirubin activity in rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD). The experimental method used 24 male Rattus norvegicus divided into six treatment groups: normal control (NC), positive control (C+), negative control (C-), and three FPLEE treatment groups with different doses (8, 16, and 32 mg/200 g BW/day). Administration was carried out for 14 days after 14 days of HFD induction. MDA levels were measured using the ELISA method, while total bilirubin and direct bilirubin were measured using spectrophotometry to determine indirect bilirubin levels. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and the post hoc Bonferroni test. The results showed that there were no significant differences in MDA levels between groups, although the C+ group fed a HFD showed a tendency toward increased MDA. Indirect bilirubin levels increased significantly in the low-dose FPLEE group (8 mg/200 g BW/day), indicating increased endogenous antioxidant activity, while higher doses did not. Thus, FPLEE has the potential to be an effective natural phytopharmaceutical agent in enhancing the body's antioxidant defence against oxidative stress caused by excessive fat consumption, especially at low doses.
Co-Authors Aditya, I Ketut Agus Yura Anggriany, Nissa ANISAH Anisah Anwariah, Jukhairiatun Ariki, Iptan Astawan, Wanda Januar Azani, Anggun Sukma DarmaIsasih, Widani Defel Septian Dewi, Novianti Tysmala Dewi, Novianty Tysmala Erna Sari, Erna Falindri, Jumania Farida Ariani Febriani, Esya Mariska I Putu Bayu Agus Saputra Jauhari, M. Thonthowi Laksmi Nur Fajriani Naktiany, Wayan Canny Novia Zuriatun Solehah Putri, Baiq Amelia Eka Helvyana Putri, Dea Pratiwi Silpia Rahmiati, Baiq Fitria Santika, I Gede Panji Siti Ulfatun Najiyyah, Siti Ulfatun Utami, Syintia Widani Darma Isasih Yunita, Lina