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Perlindungan Hukum Penjual terhadap Pembatalan Sepihak oleh Pembeli pada Sistem Cash on Delivery Putri Ramadhani, Yuli Eka; Fitrian, Achmad; Wibisono, Arief
AL-MANHAJ: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Islam Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023)
Publisher : Fakultas Syariah INSURI Ponorogo

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.37680/almanhaj.v5i2.3472

Abstract

The rapid evolution of technology has significantly impacted commerce, transforming traditional buyer-seller interactions. New payment systems, notably Cash on Delivery (COD), have emerged, where buyers either prepay or settle upon delivery. However, COD has faced challenges, with some buyers exploiting loopholes by rejecting deliveries for various reasons. This study employs a juridical normative approach to investigate legal safeguards for sellers against unilateral cancellations within the COD system. Analyzing the ordering process and relevant regulations, the research asserts that issues in online purchases, including COD, arise only when either party breaches the agreement. A product return feature addresses discrepancies in received goods. The legal foundation for sellers' protection lies in Article 1243 of the Civil Code, reinforced by Articles 1320, 1338, 1313, and 1458. This framework provides certainty for businesses engaged in online transactions with COD, securing rights and obligations for both parties. The research emphasizes the importance of these legal measures to mitigate financial losses resulting from unjustified cancellations, ensuring a fair and regulated environment for online commerce.
Perlindungan Hukum Pemegang Hak Prioritas atas Hak Guna Bangunan Di Atas Tanah Hak Pengelolaan Terkait ditolaknya Perpanjangan HGB Kahfian NM, Resy; M, Felicitas Sri; Fitrian, Achmad
Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan Vol 11 No 11.D (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan
Publisher : Peneliti.net

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Abstract

This research examines the mechanism for using priority rights in the process of extending Building Use Rights (HGB) on Management Rights Land (HPL) according to applicable laws and regulations as well as the legal protection mechanism for HGB holders if there is a rejection of the extension of HGB located on Management Rights Land (HPL). In this research, the research addresses two problems, namely: What is the mechanism for using priority rights in the process of extending Building Use Rights (HGB) on Land Management Rights (HPL)? And what is the legal protection for Building Use Rights (HGB) holders if there is a refusal to extend the HGB located on land with Land Management Rights (HPL) status? And uses two theories, namely the land registration theory from Boedi Harsono and legal protection from Satjipto Rahardjo. The method used in this research is normative juridical research specifically a library law research or secondary adata with primary, secondary and tertiary legal sources. As for the research approach used the legislative approach, the conceptual approach and the case approach and the method of collecting the legal materials are carried out by identifying and taking an inventory of positive law, journals and other legalsources. The method used in analyzing materials grammatical interpretation and systematic interpretation are carried out as well as analogical legal construction and Argumnentum A Contrario. For the research results can be obtained the importance of Priority Rights in the context of extending Building Use Rights (HGB) on Land Management Rights (HPL). Priority Rights provide former HGB holders with the opportunity to apply for an extension after their rights expire, with certain conditions stipulated in PP No. 18 of 2021 and ATR/BPN Ministerial Regulation No. 18 of 2021. The extension process includes submitting an application, fulfilling seven requirements, assessment and decision by the authorities, and issuing an extension if approved. Apart from that, HGB holders have two legal protection mechanisms, namely preventive through an agreement stating priority rights, and repressive by filing a lawsuit in court if the application is rejected.
Kepastian Hukum Pelaksanaan Rups Terkait Gugatan Penggunaan Media Elektronik Dalam Rapat Mashadi, Mashadi; Marniati, Felicitas Sri; Fitrian, Achmad
Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan Vol 11 No 12.D (2025): Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan
Publisher : Peneliti.net

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Abstract

Penelitian ini membahas penerapan konsep Cyber Notary di Indonesia, yang diperkenalkan pada tahun 1995. Cyber Notary diatur dalam Pasal 15 Ayat (3) Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 30 Tahun 2004 Tentang Jabatan Notaris. Dalam penelitian ini peneliti mengangkat dua rumusan masalah anatara lain Bagaimana Penerapan Cyber Notary Dalam Sistem Hukum Nasional dan Bagaimana Kepastian Hukum Pelaksanaan RUPS Terkait Gugatan Penggunaan Media Elektronik Dalam Rapat. Adapun teroi yang digunakan ialah Teori Sistem Hukum dari Lawrence Friedman dan Teori Kepastian hukum Jan M. Otto. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini dengan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif. Adapun pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan kasus. Teknik pengumpulan bahan hukum dilakukan dengan cara mengidentifikasi dan menginventarisasi aturan hukum positif, literatur buku, jurnal, dan sumber bahan hukum lainnya. Untuk Teknik Analisa bahan hukum dilakukan dengan penafsiran gramatikal dan penafsiran historis. Dari hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun teknologi seperti tanda tangan elektronik dan video konferensi berpotensi mendukung pembuatan akta autentik secara digital, implementasi Cyber Notary di Indonesia menghadapi sejumlah kendala yang signifikan. Dari sisi substansi hukum, terdapat kekurangan pengaturan mengenai akta elektronik dalam Undang-Undang Jabatan Notaris dan ketidakjelasan terkait tanda tangan elektronik oleh Notaris. Struktur hukum juga menghadapi tantangan, seperti ketiadaan mekanisme pengawasan dan lembaga yang dapat memvalidasi akta elektronik. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa untuk memastikan penerimaan Cyber Notary yang sah, perlu dilakukan harmonisasi regulasi antar undang-undang terkait serta pengembangan ketentuan yang mengatur integritas, autentisitas, dan keabsahan dokumen elektronik. Regulasi yang lebih jelas dan sistem pengawasan yang efektif sangat diperlukan untuk memberikan kepastian hukum bagi para pihak yang terlibat dalam pembuatan akta autentik secara elektronik di Indonesia.
PERAN LEMBAGA PERLINDUNGAN SAKSI DAN KORBAN DALAM MEMBERIKAN PERLINDUNGAN HUKUM TERHADAP KORBAN TINDAK PIDANA KEKERASAN SEKSUAL Siregar, Roy Andi; Chandra, Tofik Yanuar; Fitrian, Achmad
QIYAS: JURNAL HUKUM ISLAM DAN PERADILAN Vol 8, No 1 (2023)
Publisher : UIN Fatmawati Sukarno Bengkulu

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.29300/qys.v8i1.2661

Abstract

Abstract: A criminal act is an act that is prohibited by a rule of law, which prohibition is accompanied by threats or sanctions in the form of certain crimes, for anyone who violates the prohibition. It can also be said that a criminal act is an act which is prohibited by a rule of law and is punishable by punishment, as long as it is kept in mind that the prohibition is aimed at an act, namely a situation or an event caused by a person’s behavior, while the criminal threat is directed at a person who causes a crime. that incident. Between prohibition and punishment there is a close relationship, because between the incident and the person who caused the incident there is also a close relationship, which cannot be separated from the others. Sexual intercourse is any act that ranges from sexual harassment to the act of forcing someone to have sexual intercourse without the victim’s consent or when the victim does not want it, and/or having sexual intercourse in ways that are unnatural or not liked by the victim and distances him from his sexual needs. Article 5 of Law Number 31 of 2014 concerning Amendments to Law Number 13 of 2006 concerning Protection of Witnesses and Victims. Witnesses and Victims are entitled to: obtain protection for personal safety, family. Keywords: Crime, Sexual Violence, Witness Abstrak: Perbuatan pidana merupakan perbuatan yang dilarang oleh suatu aturan hukum, larangan mana disertai dengan ancaman atau sanksi yang berupa pidana tertentu, bagi barang siapa yang melanggar larangan tersebut. Dapat juga dikatakan bahwa perbuatan pidana adalah perbuatan yang oleh suatu aturan hukum dilarang dan diancam pidana, asal saja dalam pada itu diingat bahwa larangannya ditujukan pada perbuatan, yaitu suatu keadaan atau suatu kejadian yang ditimbulkan oleh kelakuan orang, sedangkan ancaman pidananya ditujukan kepada orang yang menimbulkan kejadian itu. Antara larangan dan ancaman pidana ada hubungan yang erat, oleh karena antara kejadian dan orang yang menimbulkan kejadian itu ada hubungan erat pula, yang tidak dapat dipisahkan dari yang lain, Pada penelitian ini sesuai dengan permasalahan yang diangkat, penulis menggunakan Jenis penelitian yuridis normatif, Kekerasan seksual adalah setiap perbuatan yang mencakup pelecehan seksual hingga perbuatan memaksa seseorang untuk melakukan hubungan seksual tanpa persetujuan korban atau pada saat korban tidak menghendaki, dan atau melakukan hubungan seksual dengan cara-cara yang tidak wajar atau tidak disukai oleh korban serta menjauhkan dari kebutuhan seksualnya. Pasal 5 Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 2014 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 13 Tahun 2006 tentang Perlindungan Saksi dan Korban. Saksi dan Korban berhak: memperoleh perlindungan atas keamanan pribadi, Keluarga. Kata Kunci : Tindak Pidana, Kekerasan Seksual,Saksi
The Dispute Resolution Revolution: A Civil Law Analysis of Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) Mechanisms Khuan, Hendri; Fitrian, Achmad; Judijanto, Loso; Polontoh, Herry M
Ipso Jure Vol. 1 No. 12 (2025): Ipso Jure - January
Publisher : PT. Anagata Sembagi Education

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.62872/rfr3fg70

Abstract

The development of information technology and digitalization has encouraged the emergence of Online Dispute Resolution (ODR) as an alternative dispute resolution that is more efficient and adaptive to the dynamics of electronic transactions. ODR, supported by Law No. 11/2008 on Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law) and its amendments, offers a faster and more affordable solution than traditional mechanisms such as litigation or arbitration. However, the implementation of ODR in Indonesia still faces significant challenges, including the lack of clear regulations regarding the recognition and execution of judgments, as well as the protection of personal data. The ITE Law provides a legal foundation for electronic transactions, but further adjustments are needed to ensure ODR can be legally recognized and accounted for, especially in the context of cross-border disputes. In addition, aspects of transparency, accountability, and data security must be prioritized in the implementation of ODR. This research uses a normative juridical method to analyze the application of ODR in the Indonesian civil law system, assess the suitability of existing regulations, and identify challenges and opportunities faced. Comprehensive regulatory harmonization is needed to ensure ODR can function effectively, fairly, and safely for all parties, and become an integral part of a more modern and relevant Indonesian legal system in the digital era.